ff.c

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/*----------------------------------------------------------------------------/
/  FatFs - Generic FAT file system module  R0.12b                             /
/-----------------------------------------------------------------------------/
/
/ Copyright (C) 2016, ChaN, all right reserved.
/
/ FatFs module is an open source software. Redistribution and use of FatFs in
/ source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided
/ that the following condition is met:

/ 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
/    this condition and the following disclaimer.
/
/ This software is provided by the copyright holder and contributors "AS IS"
/ and any warranties related to this software are DISCLAIMED.
/ The copyright owner or contributors be NOT LIABLE for any damages caused
/ by use of this software.
/----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

#include "user_config.h"
#include "fatfs.h"
#ifdef AVR
#include <stdlib.h>
#endif
#include "fatfs/ff.h"                                   /* Declarations of FatFs API */
#include "fatfs.hal/diskio.h"                               /* Declarations of disk I/O functions */

/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------

   Module Private Definitions

---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

#if _FATFS != 68020 /* Revision ID */
#error Wrong include file (ff.h).
#endif


#define ABORT(fs, res)      { fp->err = (BYTE)(res); LEAVE_FF(fs, res); }


/* Reentrancy related */
#if _FS_REENTRANT
#if _USE_LFN == 1
#error Static LFN work area cannot be used at thread-safe configuration
#endif
#define ENTER_FF(fs)        { if (!lock_fs(fs)) return FR_TIMEOUT; }
#define LEAVE_FF(fs, res)   { unlock_fs(fs, res); return res; }
#else
#define ENTER_FF(fs)
#define LEAVE_FF(fs, res)   return res
#endif



/* Definitions of sector size */
#if (_MAX_SS < _MIN_SS) || (_MAX_SS != 512 && _MAX_SS != 1024 && _MAX_SS != 2048 && _MAX_SS != 4096) || (_MIN_SS != 512 && _MIN_SS != 1024 && _MIN_SS != 2048 && _MIN_SS != 4096)
#error Wrong sector size configuration
#endif
#if _MAX_SS == _MIN_SS
#define SS(fs)  ((UINT)_MAX_SS) /* Fixed sector size */
#else
#define SS(fs)  ((fs)->ssize)   /* Variable sector size */
#endif


/* Timestamp */
#if _FS_NORTC == 1
#if _NORTC_YEAR < 1980 || _NORTC_YEAR > 2107 || _NORTC_MON < 1 || _NORTC_MON > 12 || _NORTC_MDAY < 1 || _NORTC_MDAY > 31
#error Invalid _FS_NORTC settings
#endif
#define GET_FATTIME()   ((DWORD)(_NORTC_YEAR - 1980) << 25 | (DWORD)_NORTC_MON << 21 | (DWORD)_NORTC_MDAY << 16)
#else
#define GET_FATTIME()   get_fattime()
#endif


/* File lock controls */
#if _FS_LOCK != 0
#if _FS_READONLY
#error _FS_LOCK must be 0 at read-only configuration
#endif
typedef struct {
    FATFS *fs;      /* Object ID 1, volume (NULL:blank entry) */
    DWORD clu;      /* Object ID 2, directory (0:root) */
    DWORD ofs;      /* Object ID 3, directory offset */
    WORD ctr;       /* Object open counter, 0:none, 0x01..0xFF:read mode open count, 0x100:write mode */
} FILESEM;
#endif



/* DBCS code ranges and SBCS upper conversion tables */

#if _CODE_PAGE == 932   /* Japanese Shift-JIS */
#define _DF1S   0x81    /* DBC 1st byte range 1 start */
#define _DF1E   0x9F    /* DBC 1st byte range 1 end */
#define _DF2S   0xE0    /* DBC 1st byte range 2 start */
#define _DF2E   0xFC    /* DBC 1st byte range 2 end */
#define _DS1S   0x40    /* DBC 2nd byte range 1 start */
#define _DS1E   0x7E    /* DBC 2nd byte range 1 end */
#define _DS2S   0x80    /* DBC 2nd byte range 2 start */
#define _DS2E   0xFC    /* DBC 2nd byte range 2 end */

#elif _CODE_PAGE == 936 /* Simplified Chinese GBK */
#define _DF1S   0x81
#define _DF1E   0xFE
#define _DS1S   0x40
#define _DS1E   0x7E
#define _DS2S   0x80
#define _DS2E   0xFE

#elif _CODE_PAGE == 949 /* Korean */
#define _DF1S   0x81
#define _DF1E   0xFE
#define _DS1S   0x41
#define _DS1E   0x5A
#define _DS2S   0x61
#define _DS2E   0x7A
#define _DS3S   0x81
#define _DS3E   0xFE

#elif _CODE_PAGE == 950 /* Traditional Chinese Big5 */
#define _DF1S   0x81
#define _DF1E   0xFE
#define _DS1S   0x40
#define _DS1E   0x7E
#define _DS2S   0xA1
#define _DS2E   0xFE

#elif _CODE_PAGE == 437 /* U.S. */
#define _DF1S   0
#define _EXCVT {0x80,0x9A,0x45,0x41,0x8E,0x41,0x8F,0x80,0x45,0x45,0x45,0x49,0x49,0x49,0x8E,0x8F, \
                0x90,0x92,0x92,0x4F,0x99,0x4F,0x55,0x55,0x59,0x99,0x9A,0x9B,0x9C,0x9D,0x9E,0x9F, \
                0x41,0x49,0x4F,0x55,0xA5,0xA5,0xA6,0xA7,0xA8,0xA9,0xAA,0xAB,0xAC,0xAD,0xAE,0xAF, \
                0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF, \
                0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF, \
                0xD0,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD5,0xD6,0xD7,0xD8,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,0xDF, \
                0xE0,0xE1,0xE2,0xE3,0xE4,0xE5,0xE6,0xE7,0xE8,0xE9,0xEA,0xEB,0xEC,0xED,0xEE,0xEF, \
                0xF0,0xF1,0xF2,0xF3,0xF4,0xF5,0xF6,0xF7,0xF8,0xF9,0xFA,0xFB,0xFC,0xFD,0xFE,0xFF}

#elif _CODE_PAGE == 720 /* Arabic */
#define _DF1S   0
#define _EXCVT {0x80,0x81,0x82,0x83,0x84,0x85,0x86,0x87,0x88,0x89,0x8A,0x8B,0x8C,0x8D,0x8E,0x8F, \
                0x90,0x91,0x92,0x93,0x94,0x95,0x96,0x97,0x98,0x99,0x9A,0x9B,0x9C,0x9D,0x9E,0x9F, \
                0xA0,0xA1,0xA2,0xA3,0xA4,0xA5,0xA6,0xA7,0xA8,0xA9,0xAA,0xAB,0xAC,0xAD,0xAE,0xAF, \
                0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF, \
                0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF, \
                0xD0,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD5,0xD6,0xD7,0xD8,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,0xDF, \
                0xE0,0xE1,0xE2,0xE3,0xE4,0xE5,0xE6,0xE7,0xE8,0xE9,0xEA,0xEB,0xEC,0xED,0xEE,0xEF, \
                0xF0,0xF1,0xF2,0xF3,0xF4,0xF5,0xF6,0xF7,0xF8,0xF9,0xFA,0xFB,0xFC,0xFD,0xFE,0xFF}

#elif _CODE_PAGE == 737 /* Greek */
#define _DF1S   0
#define _EXCVT {0x80,0x81,0x82,0x83,0x84,0x85,0x86,0x87,0x88,0x89,0x8A,0x8B,0x8C,0x8D,0x8E,0x8F, \
                0x90,0x92,0x92,0x93,0x94,0x95,0x96,0x97,0x80,0x81,0x82,0x83,0x84,0x85,0x86,0x87, \
                0x88,0x89,0x8A,0x8B,0x8C,0x8D,0x8E,0x8F,0x90,0x91,0xAA,0x92,0x93,0x94,0x95,0x96, \
                0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF, \
                0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF, \
                0xD0,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD5,0xD6,0xD7,0xD8,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,0xDF, \
                0x97,0xEA,0xEB,0xEC,0xE4,0xED,0xEE,0xEF,0xF5,0xF0,0xEA,0xEB,0xEC,0xED,0xEE,0xEF, \
                0xF0,0xF1,0xF2,0xF3,0xF4,0xF5,0xF6,0xF7,0xF8,0xF9,0xFA,0xFB,0xFC,0xFD,0xFE,0xFF}

#elif _CODE_PAGE == 771 /* KBL */
#define _DF1S   0
#define _EXCVT {0x80,0x81,0x82,0x83,0x84,0x85,0x86,0x87,0x88,0x89,0x8A,0x8B,0x8C,0x8D,0x8E,0x8F, \
                0x90,0x91,0x92,0x93,0x94,0x95,0x96,0x97,0x98,0x99,0x9A,0x9B,0x9C,0x9D,0x9E,0x9F, \
                0x80,0x81,0x82,0x83,0x84,0x85,0x86,0x87,0x88,0x89,0x8A,0x8B,0x8C,0x8D,0x8E,0x8F, \
                0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF, \
                0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF, \
                0xD0,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD5,0xD6,0xD7,0xD8,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDC,0xDE,0xDE, \
                0x90,0x91,0x92,0x93,0x94,0x95,0x96,0x97,0x98,0x99,0x9A,0x9B,0x9C,0x9D,0x9E,0x9F, \
                0xF0,0xF0,0xF2,0xF2,0xF4,0xF4,0xF6,0xF6,0xF8,0xF8,0xFA,0xFA,0xFC,0xFC,0xFE,0xFF}

#elif _CODE_PAGE == 775 /* Baltic */
#define _DF1S   0
#define _EXCVT {0x80,0x9A,0x91,0xA0,0x8E,0x95,0x8F,0x80,0xAD,0xED,0x8A,0x8A,0xA1,0x8D,0x8E,0x8F, \
                0x90,0x92,0x92,0xE2,0x99,0x95,0x96,0x97,0x97,0x99,0x9A,0x9D,0x9C,0x9D,0x9E,0x9F, \
                0xA0,0xA1,0xE0,0xA3,0xA3,0xA5,0xA6,0xA7,0xA8,0xA9,0xAA,0xAB,0xAC,0xAD,0xAE,0xAF, \
                0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF, \
                0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF, \
                0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xBD,0xBE,0xC6,0xC7,0xA5,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,0xDF, \
                0xE0,0xE1,0xE2,0xE3,0xE5,0xE5,0xE6,0xE3,0xE8,0xE8,0xEA,0xEA,0xEE,0xED,0xEE,0xEF, \
                0xF0,0xF1,0xF2,0xF3,0xF4,0xF5,0xF6,0xF7,0xF8,0xF9,0xFA,0xFB,0xFC,0xFD,0xFE,0xFF}

#elif _CODE_PAGE == 850 /* Latin 1 */
#define _DF1S   0
#define _EXCVT {0x43,0x55,0x45,0x41,0x41,0x41,0x41,0x43,0x45,0x45,0x45,0x49,0x49,0x49,0x41,0x41, \
                0x45,0x92,0x92,0x4F,0x4F,0x4F,0x55,0x55,0x59,0x4F,0x55,0x4F,0x9C,0x4F,0x9E,0x9F, \
                0x41,0x49,0x4F,0x55,0xA5,0xA5,0xA6,0xA7,0xA8,0xA9,0xAA,0xAB,0xAC,0xAD,0xAE,0xAF, \
                0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0x41,0x41,0x41,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF, \
                0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0x41,0x41,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF, \
                0xD1,0xD1,0x45,0x45,0x45,0x49,0x49,0x49,0x49,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0x49,0xDF, \
                0x4F,0xE1,0x4F,0x4F,0x4F,0x4F,0xE6,0xE8,0xE8,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x59,0x59,0xEE,0xEF, \
                0xF0,0xF1,0xF2,0xF3,0xF4,0xF5,0xF6,0xF7,0xF8,0xF9,0xFA,0xFB,0xFC,0xFD,0xFE,0xFF}

#elif _CODE_PAGE == 852 /* Latin 2 */
#define _DF1S   0
#define _EXCVT {0x80,0x9A,0x90,0xB6,0x8E,0xDE,0x8F,0x80,0x9D,0xD3,0x8A,0x8A,0xD7,0x8D,0x8E,0x8F, \
                0x90,0x91,0x91,0xE2,0x99,0x95,0x95,0x97,0x97,0x99,0x9A,0x9B,0x9B,0x9D,0x9E,0xAC, \
                0xB5,0xD6,0xE0,0xE9,0xA4,0xA4,0xA6,0xA6,0xA8,0xA8,0xAA,0x8D,0xAC,0xB8,0xAE,0xAF, \
                0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBD,0xBF, \
                0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC6,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF, \
                0xD1,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD2,0xD5,0xD6,0xD7,0xB7,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,0xDF, \
                0xE0,0xE1,0xE2,0xE3,0xE3,0xD5,0xE6,0xE6,0xE8,0xE9,0xE8,0xEB,0xED,0xED,0xDD,0xEF, \
                0xF0,0xF1,0xF2,0xF3,0xF4,0xF5,0xF6,0xF7,0xF8,0xF9,0xFA,0xEB,0xFC,0xFC,0xFE,0xFF}

#elif _CODE_PAGE == 855 /* Cyrillic */
#define _DF1S   0
#define _EXCVT {0x81,0x81,0x83,0x83,0x85,0x85,0x87,0x87,0x89,0x89,0x8B,0x8B,0x8D,0x8D,0x8F,0x8F, \
                0x91,0x91,0x93,0x93,0x95,0x95,0x97,0x97,0x99,0x99,0x9B,0x9B,0x9D,0x9D,0x9F,0x9F, \
                0xA1,0xA1,0xA3,0xA3,0xA5,0xA5,0xA7,0xA7,0xA9,0xA9,0xAB,0xAB,0xAD,0xAD,0xAE,0xAF, \
                0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB6,0xB6,0xB8,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBE,0xBE,0xBF, \
                0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC7,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF, \
                0xD1,0xD1,0xD3,0xD3,0xD5,0xD5,0xD7,0xD7,0xDD,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xE0,0xDF, \
                0xE0,0xE2,0xE2,0xE4,0xE4,0xE6,0xE6,0xE8,0xE8,0xEA,0xEA,0xEC,0xEC,0xEE,0xEE,0xEF, \
                0xF0,0xF2,0xF2,0xF4,0xF4,0xF6,0xF6,0xF8,0xF8,0xFA,0xFA,0xFC,0xFC,0xFD,0xFE,0xFF}

#elif _CODE_PAGE == 857 /* Turkish */
#define _DF1S   0
#define _EXCVT {0x80,0x9A,0x90,0xB6,0x8E,0xB7,0x8F,0x80,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD8,0xD7,0x49,0x8E,0x8F, \
                0x90,0x92,0x92,0xE2,0x99,0xE3,0xEA,0xEB,0x98,0x99,0x9A,0x9D,0x9C,0x9D,0x9E,0x9E, \
                0xB5,0xD6,0xE0,0xE9,0xA5,0xA5,0xA6,0xA6,0xA8,0xA9,0xAA,0xAB,0xAC,0xAD,0xAE,0xAF, \
                0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF, \
                0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC7,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF, \
                0xD0,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0x49,0xD6,0xD7,0xD8,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,0xDF, \
                0xE0,0xE1,0xE2,0xE3,0xE5,0xE5,0xE6,0xE7,0xE8,0xE9,0xEA,0xEB,0xDE,0xED,0xEE,0xEF, \
                0xF0,0xF1,0xF2,0xF3,0xF4,0xF5,0xF6,0xF7,0xF8,0xF9,0xFA,0xFB,0xFC,0xFD,0xFE,0xFF}

#elif _CODE_PAGE == 860 /* Portuguese */
#define _DF1S   0
#define _EXCVT {0x80,0x9A,0x90,0x8F,0x8E,0x91,0x86,0x80,0x89,0x89,0x92,0x8B,0x8C,0x98,0x8E,0x8F, \
                0x90,0x91,0x92,0x8C,0x99,0xA9,0x96,0x9D,0x98,0x99,0x9A,0x9B,0x9C,0x9D,0x9E,0x9F, \
                0x86,0x8B,0x9F,0x96,0xA5,0xA5,0xA6,0xA7,0xA8,0xA9,0xAA,0xAB,0xAC,0xAD,0xAE,0xAF, \
                0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF, \
                0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF, \
                0xD0,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD5,0xD6,0xD7,0xD8,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,0xDF, \
                0xE0,0xE1,0xE2,0xE3,0xE4,0xE5,0xE6,0xE7,0xE8,0xE9,0xEA,0xEB,0xEC,0xED,0xEE,0xEF, \
                0xF0,0xF1,0xF2,0xF3,0xF4,0xF5,0xF6,0xF7,0xF8,0xF9,0xFA,0xFB,0xFC,0xFD,0xFE,0xFF}

#elif _CODE_PAGE == 861 /* Icelandic */
#define _DF1S   0
#define _EXCVT {0x80,0x9A,0x90,0x41,0x8E,0x41,0x8F,0x80,0x45,0x45,0x45,0x8B,0x8B,0x8D,0x8E,0x8F, \
                0x90,0x92,0x92,0x4F,0x99,0x8D,0x55,0x97,0x97,0x99,0x9A,0x9D,0x9C,0x9D,0x9E,0x9F, \
                0xA4,0xA5,0xA6,0xA7,0xA4,0xA5,0xA6,0xA7,0xA8,0xA9,0xAA,0xAB,0xAC,0xAD,0xAE,0xAF, \
                0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF, \
                0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF, \
                0xD0,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD5,0xD6,0xD7,0xD8,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,0xDF, \
                0xE0,0xE1,0xE2,0xE3,0xE4,0xE5,0xE6,0xE7,0xE8,0xE9,0xEA,0xEB,0xEC,0xED,0xEE,0xEF, \
                0xF0,0xF1,0xF2,0xF3,0xF4,0xF5,0xF6,0xF7,0xF8,0xF9,0xFA,0xFB,0xFC,0xFD,0xFE,0xFF}

#elif _CODE_PAGE == 862 /* Hebrew */
#define _DF1S   0
#define _EXCVT {0x80,0x81,0x82,0x83,0x84,0x85,0x86,0x87,0x88,0x89,0x8A,0x8B,0x8C,0x8D,0x8E,0x8F, \
                0x90,0x91,0x92,0x93,0x94,0x95,0x96,0x97,0x98,0x99,0x9A,0x9B,0x9C,0x9D,0x9E,0x9F, \
                0x41,0x49,0x4F,0x55,0xA5,0xA5,0xA6,0xA7,0xA8,0xA9,0xAA,0xAB,0xAC,0xAD,0xAE,0xAF, \
                0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF, \
                0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF, \
                0xD0,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD5,0xD6,0xD7,0xD8,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,0xDF, \
                0xE0,0xE1,0xE2,0xE3,0xE4,0xE5,0xE6,0xE7,0xE8,0xE9,0xEA,0xEB,0xEC,0xED,0xEE,0xEF, \
                0xF0,0xF1,0xF2,0xF3,0xF4,0xF5,0xF6,0xF7,0xF8,0xF9,0xFA,0xFB,0xFC,0xFD,0xFE,0xFF}

#elif _CODE_PAGE == 863 /* Canadian-French */
#define _DF1S   0
#define _EXCVT {0x43,0x55,0x45,0x41,0x41,0x41,0x86,0x43,0x45,0x45,0x45,0x49,0x49,0x8D,0x41,0x8F, \
                0x45,0x45,0x45,0x4F,0x45,0x49,0x55,0x55,0x98,0x4F,0x55,0x9B,0x9C,0x55,0x55,0x9F, \
                0xA0,0xA1,0x4F,0x55,0xA4,0xA5,0xA6,0xA7,0x49,0xA9,0xAA,0xAB,0xAC,0xAD,0xAE,0xAF, \
                0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF, \
                0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF, \
                0xD0,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD5,0xD6,0xD7,0xD8,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,0xDF, \
                0xE0,0xE1,0xE2,0xE3,0xE4,0xE5,0xE6,0xE7,0xE8,0xE9,0xEA,0xEB,0xEC,0xED,0xEE,0xEF, \
                0xF0,0xF1,0xF2,0xF3,0xF4,0xF5,0xF6,0xF7,0xF8,0xF9,0xFA,0xFB,0xFC,0xFD,0xFE,0xFF}

#elif _CODE_PAGE == 864 /* Arabic */
#define _DF1S   0
#define _EXCVT {0x80,0x9A,0x45,0x41,0x8E,0x41,0x8F,0x80,0x45,0x45,0x45,0x49,0x49,0x49,0x8E,0x8F, \
                0x90,0x92,0x92,0x4F,0x99,0x4F,0x55,0x55,0x59,0x99,0x9A,0x9B,0x9C,0x9D,0x9E,0x9F, \
                0x41,0x49,0x4F,0x55,0xA5,0xA5,0xA6,0xA7,0xA8,0xA9,0xAA,0xAB,0xAC,0xAD,0xAE,0xAF, \
                0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF, \
                0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF, \
                0xD0,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD5,0xD6,0xD7,0xD8,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,0xDF, \
                0xE0,0xE1,0xE2,0xE3,0xE4,0xE5,0xE6,0xE7,0xE8,0xE9,0xEA,0xEB,0xEC,0xED,0xEE,0xEF, \
                0xF0,0xF1,0xF2,0xF3,0xF4,0xF5,0xF6,0xF7,0xF8,0xF9,0xFA,0xFB,0xFC,0xFD,0xFE,0xFF}

#elif _CODE_PAGE == 865 /* Nordic */
#define _DF1S   0
#define _EXCVT {0x80,0x9A,0x90,0x41,0x8E,0x41,0x8F,0x80,0x45,0x45,0x45,0x49,0x49,0x49,0x8E,0x8F, \
                0x90,0x92,0x92,0x4F,0x99,0x4F,0x55,0x55,0x59,0x99,0x9A,0x9B,0x9C,0x9D,0x9E,0x9F, \
                0x41,0x49,0x4F,0x55,0xA5,0xA5,0xA6,0xA7,0xA8,0xA9,0xAA,0xAB,0xAC,0xAD,0xAE,0xAF, \
                0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF, \
                0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF, \
                0xD0,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD5,0xD6,0xD7,0xD8,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,0xDF, \
                0xE0,0xE1,0xE2,0xE3,0xE4,0xE5,0xE6,0xE7,0xE8,0xE9,0xEA,0xEB,0xEC,0xED,0xEE,0xEF, \
                0xF0,0xF1,0xF2,0xF3,0xF4,0xF5,0xF6,0xF7,0xF8,0xF9,0xFA,0xFB,0xFC,0xFD,0xFE,0xFF}

#elif _CODE_PAGE == 866 /* Russian */
#define _DF1S   0
#define _EXCVT {0x80,0x81,0x82,0x83,0x84,0x85,0x86,0x87,0x88,0x89,0x8A,0x8B,0x8C,0x8D,0x8E,0x8F, \
                0x90,0x91,0x92,0x93,0x94,0x95,0x96,0x97,0x98,0x99,0x9A,0x9B,0x9C,0x9D,0x9E,0x9F, \
                0x80,0x81,0x82,0x83,0x84,0x85,0x86,0x87,0x88,0x89,0x8A,0x8B,0x8C,0x8D,0x8E,0x8F, \
                0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF, \
                0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF, \
                0xD0,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD5,0xD6,0xD7,0xD8,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,0xDF, \
                0x90,0x91,0x92,0x93,0x94,0x95,0x96,0x97,0x98,0x99,0x9A,0x9B,0x9C,0x9D,0x9E,0x9F, \
                0xF0,0xF0,0xF2,0xF2,0xF4,0xF4,0xF6,0xF6,0xF8,0xF9,0xFA,0xFB,0xFC,0xFD,0xFE,0xFF}

#elif _CODE_PAGE == 869 /* Greek 2 */
#define _DF1S   0
#define _EXCVT {0x80,0x81,0x82,0x83,0x84,0x85,0x86,0x87,0x88,0x89,0x8A,0x8B,0x8C,0x8D,0x8E,0x8F, \
                0x90,0x91,0x92,0x93,0x94,0x95,0x96,0x97,0x98,0x99,0x9A,0x86,0x9C,0x8D,0x8F,0x90, \
                0x91,0x90,0x92,0x95,0xA4,0xA5,0xA6,0xA7,0xA8,0xA9,0xAA,0xAB,0xAC,0xAD,0xAE,0xAF, \
                0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF, \
                0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF, \
                0xD0,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD5,0xA4,0xA5,0xA6,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xA7,0xA8,0xDF, \
                0xA9,0xAA,0xAC,0xAD,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xBD,0xBE,0xC6,0xC7,0xCF,0xCF,0xD0,0xEF, \
                0xF0,0xF1,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xF5,0xD4,0xF7,0xF8,0xF9,0xD5,0x96,0x95,0x98,0xFE,0xFF}

#elif _CODE_PAGE == 1   /* ASCII (for only non-LFN cfg) */
#if _USE_LFN != 0
#error Cannot enable LFN without valid code page.
#endif
#define _DF1S   0

#else
#error Unknown code page

#endif


/* Character code support macros */
#define IsUpper(c)  (((c)>='A')&&((c)<='Z'))
#define IsLower(c)  (((c)>='a')&&((c)<='z'))
#define IsDigit(c)  (((c)>='0')&&((c)<='9'))

#if _DF1S != 0  /* Code page is DBCS */

#ifdef _DF2S    /* Two 1st byte areas */
#define IsDBCS1(c)  (((BYTE)(c) >= _DF1S && (BYTE)(c) <= _DF1E) || ((BYTE)(c) >= _DF2S && (BYTE)(c) <= _DF2E))
#else           /* One 1st byte area */
#define IsDBCS1(c)  ((BYTE)(c) >= _DF1S && (BYTE)(c) <= _DF1E)
#endif

#ifdef _DS3S    /* Three 2nd byte areas */
#define IsDBCS2(c)  (((BYTE)(c) >= _DS1S && (BYTE)(c) <= _DS1E) || ((BYTE)(c) >= _DS2S && (BYTE)(c) <= _DS2E) || ((BYTE)(c) >= _DS3S && (BYTE)(c) <= _DS3E))
#else           /* Two 2nd byte areas */
#define IsDBCS2(c)  (((BYTE)(c) >= _DS1S && (BYTE)(c) <= _DS1E) || ((BYTE)(c) >= _DS2S && (BYTE)(c) <= _DS2E))
#endif

#else           /* Code page is SBCS */

#define IsDBCS1(c)  0
#define IsDBCS2(c)  0

#endif /* _DF1S */


/* File attribute bits (internal use) */
#define AM_VOL      0x08    /* Volume label */
#define AM_LFN      0x0F    /* LFN entry */
#define AM_MASK     0x3F    /* Mask of defined bits */


/* File access control and file status flags (internal use) */
#define FA_SEEKEND  0x20    /* Seek to end of the file on file open */
#define FA_MODIFIED 0x40    /* File has been modified */
#define FA_DIRTY    0x80    /* FIL.buf[] needs to be written-back */


/* Name status flags */
#define NSFLAG      11      /* Index of name status byte in fn[] */
#define NS_LOSS     0x01    /* Out of 8.3 format */
#define NS_LFN      0x02    /* Force to create LFN entry */
#define NS_LAST     0x04    /* Last segment */
#define NS_BODY     0x08    /* Lower case flag (body) */
#define NS_EXT      0x10    /* Lower case flag (ext) */
#define NS_DOT      0x20    /* Dot entry */
#define NS_NOLFN    0x40    /* Do not find LFN */
#define NS_NONAME   0x80    /* Not followed */


/* Limits and boundaries (differ from specs but correct for real DOS/Windows) */
#define MAX_FAT12   0xFF5           /* Maximum number of FAT12 clusters */
#define MAX_FAT16   0xFFF5          /* Maximum number of FAT16 clusters */
#define MAX_FAT32   0xFFFFFF5       /* Maximum number of FAT32 clusters */
#define MAX_EXFAT   0x7FFFFFFD      /* Maximum number of exFAT clusters (limited by implementation) */
#define MAX_DIR     0x200000        /* Maximum size of FAT directory */
#define MAX_DIR_EX  0x10000000      /* Maximum size of exFAT directory */


/* FatFs refers the members in the FAT structures as byte array instead of
/ structure members because the structure is not binary compatible between
/ different platforms */

#define BS_JmpBoot          0       /* x86 jump instruction (3-byte) */
#define BS_OEMName          3       /* OEM name (8-byte) */
#define BPB_BytsPerSec      11      /* Sector size [byte] (WORD) */
#define BPB_SecPerClus      13      /* Cluster size [sector] (BYTE) */
#define BPB_RsvdSecCnt      14      /* Size of reserved area [sector] (WORD) */
#define BPB_NumFATs         16      /* Number of FATs (BYTE) */
#define BPB_RootEntCnt      17      /* Size of root directory area for FAT12/16 [entry] (WORD) */
#define BPB_TotSec16        19      /* Volume size (16-bit) [sector] (WORD) */
#define BPB_Media           21      /* Media descriptor byte (BYTE) */
#define BPB_FATSz16         22      /* FAT size (16-bit) [sector] (WORD) */
#define BPB_SecPerTrk       24      /* Track size for int13h [sector] (WORD) */
#define BPB_NumHeads        26      /* Number of heads for int13h (WORD) */
#define BPB_HiddSec         28      /* Volume offset from top of the drive (DWORD) */
#define BPB_TotSec32        32      /* Volume size (32-bit) [sector] (DWORD) */
#define BS_DrvNum           36      /* Physical drive number for int13h (BYTE) */
#define BS_NTres            37      /* Error flag (BYTE) */
#define BS_BootSig          38      /* Extended boot signature (BYTE) */
#define BS_VolID            39      /* Volume serial number (DWORD) */
#define BS_VolLab           43      /* Volume label string (8-byte) */
#define BS_FilSysType       54      /* File system type string (8-byte) */
#define BS_BootCode         62      /* Boot code (448-byte) */
#define BS_55AA             510     /* Signature word (WORD) */

#define BPB_FATSz32         36      /* FAT32: FAT size [sector] (DWORD) */
#define BPB_ExtFlags32      40      /* FAT32: Extended flags (WORD) */
#define BPB_FSVer32         42      /* FAT32: File system version (WORD) */
#define BPB_RootClus32      44      /* FAT32: Root directory cluster (DWORD) */
#define BPB_FSInfo32        48      /* FAT32: Offset of FSINFO sector (WORD) */
#define BPB_BkBootSec32     50      /* FAT32: Offset of backup boot sector (WORD) */
#define BS_DrvNum32         64      /* FAT32: Physical drive number for int13h (BYTE) */
#define BS_NTres32          65      /* FAT32: Error flag (BYTE) */
#define BS_BootSig32        66      /* FAT32: Extended boot signature (BYTE) */
#define BS_VolID32          67      /* FAT32: Volume serial number (DWORD) */
#define BS_VolLab32         71      /* FAT32: Volume label string (8-byte) */
#define BS_FilSysType32     82      /* FAT32: File system type string (8-byte) */
#define BS_BootCode32       90      /* FAT32: Boot code (420-byte) */

#define BPB_ZeroedEx        11      /* exFAT: MBZ field (53-byte) */
#define BPB_VolOfsEx        64      /* exFAT: Volume offset from top of the drive [sector] (QWORD) */
#define BPB_TotSecEx        72      /* exFAT: Volume size [sector] (QWORD) */
#define BPB_FatOfsEx        80      /* exFAT: FAT offset from top of the volume [sector] (DWORD) */
#define BPB_FatSzEx         84      /* exFAT: FAT size [sector] (DWORD) */
#define BPB_DataOfsEx       88      /* exFAT: Data offset from top of the volume [sector] (DWORD) */
#define BPB_NumClusEx       92      /* exFAT: Number of clusters (DWORD) */
#define BPB_RootClusEx      96      /* exFAT: Root directory cluster (DWORD) */
#define BPB_VolIDEx         100     /* exFAT: Volume serial number (DWORD) */
#define BPB_FSVerEx         104     /* exFAT: File system version (WORD) */
#define BPB_VolFlagEx       106     /* exFAT: Volume flags (BYTE) */
#define BPB_ActFatEx        107     /* exFAT: Active FAT flags (BYTE) */
#define BPB_BytsPerSecEx    108     /* exFAT: Log2 of sector size in byte (BYTE) */
#define BPB_SecPerClusEx    109     /* exFAT: Log2 of cluster size in sector (BYTE) */
#define BPB_NumFATsEx       110     /* exFAT: Number of FATs (BYTE) */
#define BPB_DrvNumEx        111     /* exFAT: Physical drive number for int13h (BYTE) */
#define BPB_PercInUseEx     112     /* exFAT: Percent in use (BYTE) */
#define BPB_RsvdEx          113     /* exFAT: Reserved (7-byte) */
#define BS_BootCodeEx       120     /* exFAT: Boot code (390-byte) */

#define FSI_LeadSig         0       /* FAT32 FSI: Leading signature (DWORD) */
#define FSI_StrucSig        484     /* FAT32 FSI: Structure signature (DWORD) */
#define FSI_Free_Count      488     /* FAT32 FSI: Number of free clusters (DWORD) */
#define FSI_Nxt_Free        492     /* FAT32 FSI: Last allocated cluster (DWORD) */

#define MBR_Table           446     /* MBR: Offset of partition table in the MBR */
#define SZ_PTE              16      /* MBR: Size of a partition table entry */
#define PTE_Boot            0       /* MBR PTE: Boot indicator */
#define PTE_StHead          1       /* MBR PTE: Start head */
#define PTE_StSec           2       /* MBR PTE: Start sector */
#define PTE_StCyl           3       /* MBR PTE: Start cylinder */
#define PTE_System          4       /* MBR PTE: System ID */
#define PTE_EdHead          5       /* MBR PTE: End head */
#define PTE_EdSec           6       /* MBR PTE: End sector */
#define PTE_EdCyl           7       /* MBR PTE: End cylinder */
#define PTE_StLba           8       /* MBR PTE: Start in LBA */
#define PTE_SizLba          12      /* MBR PTE: Size in LBA */

#define DIR_Name            0       /* Short file name (11-byte) */
#define DIR_Attr            11      /* Attribute (BYTE) */
#define DIR_NTres           12      /* Lower case flag (BYTE) */
#define DIR_CrtTime10       13      /* Created time sub-second (BYTE) */
#define DIR_CrtTime         14      /* Created time (DWORD) */
#define DIR_LstAccDate      18      /* Last accessed date (WORD) */
#define DIR_FstClusHI       20      /* Higher 16-bit of first cluster (WORD) */
#define DIR_ModTime         22      /* Modified time (DWORD) */
#define DIR_FstClusLO       26      /* Lower 16-bit of first cluster (WORD) */
#define DIR_FileSize        28      /* File size (DWORD) */
#define LDIR_Ord            0       /* LFN entry order and LLE flag (BYTE) */
#define LDIR_Attr           11      /* LFN attribute (BYTE) */
#define LDIR_Type           12      /* LFN type (BYTE) */
#define LDIR_Chksum         13      /* Checksum of the SFN entry (BYTE) */
#define LDIR_FstClusLO      26      /* Must be zero (WORD) */
#define XDIR_Type           0       /* Type of exFAT directory entry (BYTE) */
#define XDIR_NumLabel       1       /* Number of volume label characters (BYTE) */
#define XDIR_Label          2       /* Volume label (11-WORD) */
#define XDIR_CaseSum        4       /* Sum of case conversion table (DWORD) */
#define XDIR_NumSec         1       /* Number of secondary entries (BYTE) */
#define XDIR_SetSum         2       /* Sum of the set of directory entries (WORD) */
#define XDIR_Attr           4       /* File attribute (WORD) */
#define XDIR_CrtTime        8       /* Created time (DWORD) */
#define XDIR_ModTime        12      /* Modified time (DWORD) */
#define XDIR_AccTime        16      /* Last accessed time (DWORD) */
#define XDIR_CrtTime10      20      /* Created time subsecond (BYTE) */
#define XDIR_ModTime10      21      /* Modified time subsecond (BYTE) */
#define XDIR_CrtTZ          22      /* Created timezone (BYTE) */
#define XDIR_ModTZ          23      /* Modified timezone (BYTE) */
#define XDIR_AccTZ          24      /* Last accessed timezone (BYTE) */
#define XDIR_GenFlags       33      /* Gneral secondary flags (WORD) */
#define XDIR_NumName        35      /* Number of file name characters (BYTE) */
#define XDIR_NameHash       36      /* Hash of file name (WORD) */
#define XDIR_ValidFileSize  40      /* Valid file size (QWORD) */
#define XDIR_FstClus        52      /* First cluster of the file data (DWORD) */
#define XDIR_FileSize       56      /* File/Directory size (QWORD) */

#define SZDIRE              32      /* Size of a directory entry */
#define LLEF                0x40    /* Last long entry flag in LDIR_Ord */
#define DDEM                0xE5    /* Deleted directory entry mark set to DIR_Name[0] */
#define RDDEM               0x05    /* Replacement of the character collides with DDEM */





/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------

   Module Private Work Area

---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

/* Remark: Variables here without initial value shall be guaranteed zero/null
/  at start-up. If not, either the linker or start-up routine being used is
/  not compliance with C standard. */

#if _VOLUMES < 1 || _VOLUMES > 9
#error Wrong _VOLUMES setting
#endif
static FATFS *FatFs[_VOLUMES];  /* Pointer to the file system objects (logical drives) */
static WORD Fsid;               /* File system mount ID */

#if _FS_RPATH != 0 && _VOLUMES >= 2
static BYTE CurrVol;            /* Current drive */
#endif

#if _FS_LOCK != 0
static FILESEM Files[_FS_LOCK]; /* Open object lock semaphores */
#endif

#if _USE_LFN == 0           /* Non-LFN configuration */
#define DEF_NAMBUF
#define INIT_NAMBUF(fs)
#define FREE_NAMBUF()
#else
#if _MAX_LFN < 12 || _MAX_LFN > 255
#error Wrong _MAX_LFN setting
#endif

#if _USE_LFN == 1       /* LFN enabled with static working buffer */
#if _FS_EXFAT
static BYTE DirBuf[SZDIRE*19];  /* Directory entry block scratchpad buffer (19 entries in size) */
#endif
static WCHAR LfnBuf[_MAX_LFN+1];    /* LFN enabled with static working buffer */
#define DEF_NAMBUF
#define INIT_NAMBUF(fs)
#define FREE_NAMBUF()

#elif _USE_LFN == 2     /* LFN enabled with dynamic working buffer on the stack */
#if _FS_EXFAT
#define DEF_NAMBUF      WCHAR lbuf[_MAX_LFN+1]; BYTE dbuf[SZDIRE*19];
#define INIT_NAMBUF(fs) { (fs)->lfnbuf = lbuf; (fs)->dirbuf = dbuf; }
#define FREE_NAMBUF()
#else
#define DEF_NAMBUF      WCHAR lbuf[_MAX_LFN+1];
#define INIT_NAMBUF(fs) { (fs)->lfnbuf = lbuf; }
#define FREE_NAMBUF()
#endif

#elif _USE_LFN == 3     /* LFN enabled with dynamic working buffer on the heap */
#if _FS_EXFAT
#define DEF_NAMBUF      WCHAR *lfn;
#define INIT_NAMBUF(fs) { lfn = ff_memalloc((_MAX_LFN+1)*2 + SZDIRE*19); if (!lfn) LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_NOT_ENOUGH_CORE); (fs)->lfnbuf = lfn; (fs)->dirbuf = (BYTE*)(lfn+_MAX_LFN+1); }
#define FREE_NAMBUF()   ff_memfree(lfn)
#else
#define DEF_NAMBUF      WCHAR *lfn;
#define INIT_NAMBUF(fs) { lfn = ff_memalloc((_MAX_LFN+1)*2); if (!lfn) LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_NOT_ENOUGH_CORE); (fs)->lfnbuf = lfn; }
#define FREE_NAMBUF()   ff_memfree(lfn)
#endif

#else
#error Wrong _USE_LFN setting
#endif
#endif

#ifdef _EXCVT
static const BYTE ExCvt[] = _EXCVT; /* Upper conversion table for SBCS extended characters */
#endif






/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------

   Module Private Functions

---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/


/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Load/Store multi-byte word in the FAT structure                       */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static
WORD ld_word (const BYTE* ptr)  /*   Load a 2-byte little-endian word */
{
    WORD rv;

    rv = ptr[1];
    rv = rv << 8 | ptr[0];
    return rv;
}

static
DWORD ld_dword (const BYTE* ptr)    /* Load a 4-byte little-endian word */
{
    DWORD rv;

    rv = ptr[3];
    rv = rv << 8 | ptr[2];
    rv = rv << 8 | ptr[1];
    rv = rv << 8 | ptr[0];
    return rv;
}

#if _FS_EXFAT
static
QWORD ld_qword (const BYTE* ptr)    /* Load an 8-byte little-endian word */
{
    QWORD rv;

    rv = ptr[7];
    rv = rv << 8 | ptr[6];
    rv = rv << 8 | ptr[5];
    rv = rv << 8 | ptr[4];
    rv = rv << 8 | ptr[3];
    rv = rv << 8 | ptr[2];
    rv = rv << 8 | ptr[1];
    rv = rv << 8 | ptr[0];
    return rv;
}
#endif

#if !_FS_READONLY
static
void st_word (BYTE* ptr, WORD val)  /* Store a 2-byte word in little-endian */
{
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val; val >>= 8;
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val;
}

static
void st_dword (BYTE* ptr, DWORD val)    /* Store a 4-byte word in little-endian */
{
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val; val >>= 8;
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val; val >>= 8;
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val; val >>= 8;
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val;
}

#if _FS_EXFAT
static
void st_qword (BYTE* ptr, QWORD val)    /* Store an 8-byte word in little-endian */
{
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val; val >>= 8;
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val; val >>= 8;
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val; val >>= 8;
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val; val >>= 8;
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val; val >>= 8;
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val; val >>= 8;
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val; val >>= 8;
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val;
}
#endif
#endif  /* !_FS_READONLY */



/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* String functions                                                      */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

/* Copy memory to memory */
MEMSPACE
static
void mem_cpy (void* dst, const void* src, UINT cnt) {
    BYTE *d = (BYTE*)dst;
    const BYTE *s = (const BYTE*)src;

    if (cnt) {
        do *d++ = *s++; while (--cnt);
    }
}

/* Fill memory block */
MEMSPACE
static
void mem_set (void* dst, int val, UINT cnt) {
    BYTE *d = (BYTE*)dst;

    do *d++ = (BYTE)val; while (--cnt);
}

/* Compare memory block */
MEMSPACE
static
int mem_cmp (const void* dst, const void* src, UINT cnt) {  /* ZR:same, NZ:different */
    const BYTE *d = (const BYTE *)dst, *s = (const BYTE *)src;
    int r = 0;

    do {
        r = *d++ - *s++;
    } while (--cnt && r == 0);

    return r;
}

/* Check if chr is contained in the string */
MEMSPACE
static
int chk_chr (const char* str, int chr) {    /* NZ:contained, ZR:not contained */
    while (*str && *str != chr) str++;
    return *str;
}




#if _FS_REENTRANT
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Request/Release grant to access the volume                            */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
MEMSPACE
static
int lock_fs (
    FATFS* fs       /* File system object */
)
{
    return ff_req_grant(fs->sobj);
}


MEMSPACE
static
void unlock_fs (
    FATFS* fs,      /* File system object */
    FRESULT res     /* Result code to be returned */
)
{
    if (fs && res != FR_NOT_ENABLED && res != FR_INVALID_DRIVE && res != FR_TIMEOUT) {
        ff_rel_grant(fs->sobj);
    }
}

#endif



#if _FS_LOCK != 0
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* File lock control functions                                           */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

MEMSPACE
static
FRESULT chk_lock (  /* Check if the file can be accessed */
    DIR* dp,        /* Directory object pointing the file to be checked */
    int acc         /* Desired access type (0:Read, 1:Write, 2:Delete/Rename) */
)
{
    UINT i, be;

    /* Search file semaphore table */
    for (i = be = 0; i < _FS_LOCK; i++) {
        if (Files[i].fs) {  /* Existing entry */
            if (Files[i].fs == dp->obj.fs &&        /* Check if the object matched with an open object */
                Files[i].clu == dp->obj.sclust &&
                Files[i].ofs == dp->dptr) break;
        } else {            /* Blank entry */
            be = 1;
        }
    }
    if (i == _FS_LOCK) {    /* The object is not opened */
        return (be || acc == 2) ? FR_OK : FR_TOO_MANY_OPEN_FILES;   /* Is there a blank entry for new object? */
    }

    /* The object has been opened. Reject any open against writing file and all write mode open */
    return (acc || Files[i].ctr == 0x100) ? FR_LOCKED : FR_OK;
}


MEMSPACE
static
int enq_lock (void) /* Check if an entry is available for a new object */
{
    UINT i;

    for (i = 0; i < _FS_LOCK && Files[i].fs; i++) ;
    return (i == _FS_LOCK) ? 0 : 1;
}


MEMSPACE
static
UINT inc_lock ( /* Increment object open counter and returns its index (0:Internal error) */
    DIR* dp,    /* Directory object pointing the file to register or increment */
    int acc     /* Desired access (0:Read, 1:Write, 2:Delete/Rename) */
)
{
    UINT i;


    for (i = 0; i < _FS_LOCK; i++) {    /* Find the object */
        if (Files[i].fs == dp->obj.fs &&
            Files[i].clu == dp->obj.sclust &&
            Files[i].ofs == dp->dptr) break;
    }

    if (i == _FS_LOCK) {                /* Not opened. Register it as new. */
        for (i = 0; i < _FS_LOCK && Files[i].fs; i++) ;
        if (i == _FS_LOCK) return 0;    /* No free entry to register (int err) */
        Files[i].fs = dp->obj.fs;
        Files[i].clu = dp->obj.sclust;
        Files[i].ofs = dp->dptr;
        Files[i].ctr = 0;
    }

    if (acc && Files[i].ctr) return 0;  /* Access violation (int err) */

    Files[i].ctr = acc ? 0x100 : Files[i].ctr + 1;  /* Set semaphore value */

    return i + 1;
}


MEMSPACE
static
FRESULT dec_lock (  /* Decrement object open counter */
    UINT i          /* Semaphore index (1..) */
)
{
    WORD n;
    FRESULT res;


    if (--i < _FS_LOCK) {   /* Shift index number origin from 0 */
        n = Files[i].ctr;
        if (n == 0x100) n = 0;      /* If write mode open, delete the entry */
        if (n > 0) n--;             /* Decrement read mode open count */
        Files[i].ctr = n;
        if (n == 0) Files[i].fs = 0;    /* Delete the entry if open count gets zero */
        res = FR_OK;
    } else {
        res = FR_INT_ERR;           /* Invalid index nunber */
    }
    return res;
}


MEMSPACE
static
void clear_lock (   /* Clear lock entries of the volume */
    FATFS *fs
)
{
    UINT i;

    for (i = 0; i < _FS_LOCK; i++) {
        if (Files[i].fs == fs) Files[i].fs = 0;
    }
}

#endif  /* _FS_LOCK != 0 */



/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Move/Flush disk access window in the file system object               */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#if !_FS_READONLY
MEMSPACE
static
FRESULT sync_window (   /* Returns FR_OK or FR_DISK_ERROR */
    FATFS* fs           /* File system object */
)
{
    DWORD wsect;
    UINT nf;
    FRESULT res = FR_OK;


    if (fs->wflag) {    /* Write back the sector if it is dirty */
        wsect = fs->winsect;    /* Current sector number */
        if (disk_write(fs->drv, fs->win, wsect, 1) != RES_OK) {
            res = FR_DISK_ERR;
        } else {
            fs->wflag = 0;
            if (wsect - fs->fatbase < fs->fsize) {      /* Is it in the FAT area? */
                for (nf = fs->n_fats; nf >= 2; nf--) {  /* Reflect the change to all FAT copies */
                    wsect += fs->fsize;
                    disk_write(fs->drv, fs->win, wsect, 1);
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return res;
}
#endif


MEMSPACE
static
FRESULT move_window (   /* Returns FR_OK or FR_DISK_ERROR */
    FATFS* fs,          /* File system object */
    DWORD sector        /* Sector number to make appearance in the fs->win[] */
)
{
    FRESULT res = FR_OK;


    if (sector != fs->winsect) {    /* Window offset changed? */
#if !_FS_READONLY
        res = sync_window(fs);      /* Write-back changes */
#endif
        if (res == FR_OK) {         /* Fill sector window with new data */
            if (disk_read(fs->drv, fs->win, sector, 1) != RES_OK) {
                sector = 0xFFFFFFFF;    /* Invalidate window if data is not reliable */
                res = FR_DISK_ERR;
            }
            fs->winsect = sector;
        }
    }
    return res;
}




#if !_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Synchronize file system and strage device                             */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

MEMSPACE
static
FRESULT sync_fs (   /* FR_OK:succeeded, !=0:error */
    FATFS* fs       /* File system object */
)
{
    FRESULT res;


    res = sync_window(fs);
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        /* Update FSInfo sector if needed */
        if (fs->fs_type == FS_FAT32 && fs->fsi_flag == 1) {
            /* Create FSInfo structure */
            mem_set(fs->win, 0, SS(fs));
            st_word(fs->win + BS_55AA, 0xAA55);
            st_dword(fs->win + FSI_LeadSig, 0x41615252);
            st_dword(fs->win + FSI_StrucSig, 0x61417272);
            st_dword(fs->win + FSI_Free_Count, fs->free_clst);
            st_dword(fs->win + FSI_Nxt_Free, fs->last_clst);
            /* Write it into the FSInfo sector */
            fs->winsect = fs->volbase + 1;
            disk_write(fs->drv, fs->win, fs->winsect, 1);
            fs->fsi_flag = 0;
        }
        /* Make sure that no pending write process in the physical drive */
        if (disk_ioctl(fs->drv, CTRL_SYNC, 0) != RES_OK) res = FR_DISK_ERR;
    }

    return res;
}

#endif



/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Get sector# from cluster#                                             */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

MEMSPACE
static
DWORD clust2sect (  /* !=0:Sector number, 0:Failed (invalid cluster#) */
    FATFS* fs,      /* File system object */
    DWORD clst      /* Cluster# to be converted */
)
{
    clst -= 2;
    if (clst >= fs->n_fatent - 2) return 0;     /* Invalid cluster# */
    return clst * fs->csize + fs->database;
}




/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* FAT access - Read value of a FAT entry                                */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

MEMSPACE
static
DWORD get_fat ( /* 0xFFFFFFFF:Disk error, 1:Internal error, 2..0x7FFFFFFF:Cluster status */
    _FDID* obj, /* Corresponding object */
    DWORD clst  /* Cluster number to get the value */
)
{
    UINT wc, bc;
    DWORD val;
    FATFS *fs = obj->fs;


    if (clst < 2 || clst >= fs->n_fatent) { /* Check if in valid range */
        val = 1;    /* Internal error */

    } else {
        val = 0xFFFFFFFF;   /* Default value falls on disk error */

        switch (fs->fs_type) {
        case FS_FAT12 :
            bc = (UINT)clst; bc += bc / 2;
            if (move_window(fs, fs->fatbase + (bc / SS(fs))) != FR_OK) break;
            wc = fs->win[bc++ % SS(fs)];
            if (move_window(fs, fs->fatbase + (bc / SS(fs))) != FR_OK) break;
            wc |= fs->win[bc % SS(fs)] << 8;
            val = (clst & 1) ? (wc >> 4) : (wc & 0xFFF);
            break;

        case FS_FAT16 :
            if (move_window(fs, fs->fatbase + (clst / (SS(fs) / 2))) != FR_OK) break;
            val = ld_word(fs->win + clst * 2 % SS(fs));
            break;

        case FS_FAT32 :
            if (move_window(fs, fs->fatbase + (clst / (SS(fs) / 4))) != FR_OK) break;
            val = ld_dword(fs->win + clst * 4 % SS(fs)) & 0x0FFFFFFF;
            break;
#if _FS_EXFAT
        case FS_EXFAT :
            if (obj->objsize) {
                DWORD cofs = clst - obj->sclust;    /* Offset from start cluster */
                DWORD clen = (DWORD)((obj->objsize - 1) / SS(fs)) / fs->csize;  /* Number of clusters - 1 */

                if (obj->stat == 2) {   /* Is there no valid chain on the FAT? */
                    if (cofs <= clen) {
                        val = (cofs == clen) ? 0x7FFFFFFF : clst + 1;   /* Generate the value */
                        break;
                    }
                }
                if (obj->stat == 3 && cofs < obj->n_cont) { /* Is it in the contiguous part? */
                    val = clst + 1;     /* Generate the value */
                    break;
                }
                if (obj->stat != 2) {   /* Get value from FAT if FAT chain is valid */
                    if (move_window(fs, fs->fatbase + (clst / (SS(fs) / 4))) != FR_OK) break;
                    val = ld_dword(fs->win + clst * 4 % SS(fs)) & 0x7FFFFFFF;
                    break;
                }
            }
            /* go next */
#endif
        default:
            val = 1;    /* Internal error */
        }
    }

    return val;
}




#if !_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* FAT access - Change value of a FAT entry                              */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

MEMSPACE
static
FRESULT put_fat (   /* FR_OK(0):succeeded, !=0:error */
    FATFS* fs,      /* Corresponding file system object */
    DWORD clst,     /* FAT index number (cluster number) to be changed */
    DWORD val       /* New value to be set to the entry */
)
{
    UINT bc;
    BYTE *p;
    FRESULT res = FR_INT_ERR;


    if (clst >= 2 && clst < fs->n_fatent) { /* Check if in valid range */
        switch (fs->fs_type) {
        case FS_FAT12 : /* Bitfield items */
            bc = (UINT)clst; bc += bc / 2;
            res = move_window(fs, fs->fatbase + (bc / SS(fs)));
            if (res != FR_OK) break;
            p = fs->win + bc++ % SS(fs);
            *p = (clst & 1) ? ((*p & 0x0F) | ((BYTE)val << 4)) : (BYTE)val;
            fs->wflag = 1;
            res = move_window(fs, fs->fatbase + (bc / SS(fs)));
            if (res != FR_OK) break;
            p = fs->win + bc % SS(fs);
            *p = (clst & 1) ? (BYTE)(val >> 4) : ((*p & 0xF0) | ((BYTE)(val >> 8) & 0x0F));
            fs->wflag = 1;
            break;

        case FS_FAT16 : /* WORD aligned items */
            res = move_window(fs, fs->fatbase + (clst / (SS(fs) / 2)));
            if (res != FR_OK) break;
            st_word(fs->win + clst * 2 % SS(fs), (WORD)val);
            fs->wflag = 1;
            break;

        case FS_FAT32 : /* DWORD aligned items */
#if _FS_EXFAT
        case FS_EXFAT :
#endif
            res = move_window(fs, fs->fatbase + (clst / (SS(fs) / 4)));
            if (res != FR_OK) break;
            if (!_FS_EXFAT || fs->fs_type != FS_EXFAT) {
                val = (val & 0x0FFFFFFF) | (ld_dword(fs->win + clst * 4 % SS(fs)) & 0xF0000000);
            }
            st_dword(fs->win + clst * 4 % SS(fs), val);
            fs->wflag = 1;
            break;
        }
    }
    return res;
}

#endif /* !_FS_READONLY */




#if _FS_EXFAT && !_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* exFAT: Accessing FAT and Allocation Bitmap                            */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

/*---------------------------------------------*/
/* exFAT: Find a contiguous free cluster block */
/*---------------------------------------------*/

MEMSPACE
static
DWORD find_bitmap ( /* 0:No free cluster, 2..:Free cluster found, 0xFFFFFFFF:Disk error */
    FATFS* fs,  /* File system object */
    DWORD clst, /* Cluster number to scan from */
    DWORD ncl   /* Number of contiguous clusters to find (1..) */
)
{
    BYTE bm, bv;
    UINT i;
    DWORD val, scl, ctr;


    clst -= 2;  /* The first bit in the bitmap corresponds to cluster #2 */
    if (clst >= fs->n_fatent - 2) clst = 0;
    scl = val = clst; ctr = 0;
    for (;;) {
        if (move_window(fs, fs->database + val / 8 / SS(fs)) != FR_OK) return 0xFFFFFFFF;   /* (assuming bitmap is located top of the cluster heap) */
        i = val / 8 % SS(fs); bm = 1 << (val % 8);
        do {
            do {
                bv = fs->win[i] & bm; bm <<= 1;     /* Get bit value */
                if (++val >= fs->n_fatent - 2) {    /* Next cluster (with wrap-around) */
                    val = 0; bm = 0; i = 4096;
                }
                if (!bv) {  /* Is it a free cluster? */
                    if (++ctr == ncl) return scl + 2;   /* Check run length */
                } else {
                    scl = val; ctr = 0;     /* Encountered a live cluster, restart to scan */
                }
                if (val == clst) return 0;  /* All cluster scanned? */
            } while (bm);
            bm = 1;
        } while (++i < SS(fs));
    }
}


/*------------------------------------*/
/* exFAT: Set/Clear a block of bitmap */
/*------------------------------------*/

MEMSPACE
static
FRESULT change_bitmap (
    FATFS* fs,  /* File system object */
    DWORD clst, /* Cluster number to change from */
    DWORD ncl,  /* Number of clusters to be changed */
    int bv      /* bit value to be set (0 or 1) */
)
{
    BYTE bm;
    UINT i;
    DWORD sect;


    clst -= 2;  /* The first bit corresponds to cluster #2 */
    sect = fs->database + clst / 8 / SS(fs);    /* Sector address (assuming bitmap is located top of the cluster heap) */
    i = clst / 8 % SS(fs);                      /* Byte offset in the sector */
    bm = 1 << (clst % 8);                       /* Bit mask in the byte */
    for (;;) {
        if (move_window(fs, sect++) != FR_OK) return FR_DISK_ERR;
        do {
            do {
                if (bv == (int)((fs->win[i] & bm) != 0)) return FR_INT_ERR; /* Is the bit expected value? */
                fs->win[i] ^= bm;   /* Flip the bit */
                fs->wflag = 1;
                if (--ncl == 0) return FR_OK;   /* All bits processed? */
            } while (bm <<= 1);     /* Next bit */
            bm = 1;
        } while (++i < SS(fs));     /* Next byte */
        i = 0;
    }
}


/*---------------------------------------------*/
/* Complement contiguous part of the FAT chain */
/*---------------------------------------------*/

MEMSPACE
static
FRESULT fill_fat_chain (
    _FDID* obj  /* Pointer to the corresponding object */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    DWORD cl, n;

    if (obj->stat == 3) {   /* Has the object been changed 'fragmented'? */
        for (cl = obj->sclust, n = obj->n_cont; n; cl++, n--) { /* Create cluster chain on the FAT */
            res = put_fat(obj->fs, cl, cl + 1);
            if (res != FR_OK) return res;
        }
        obj->stat = 0;  /* Change status 'FAT chain is valid' */
    }
    return FR_OK;
}

#endif  /* _FS_EXFAT && !_FS_READONLY */



#if !_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* FAT handling - Remove a cluster chain                                 */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
MEMSPACE
static
FRESULT remove_chain (  /* FR_OK(0):succeeded, !=0:error */
    _FDID* obj,         /* Corresponding object */
    DWORD clst,         /* Cluster to remove a chain from */
    DWORD pclst         /* Previous cluster of clst (0:an entire chain) */
)
{
    FRESULT res = FR_OK;
    DWORD nxt;
    FATFS *fs = obj->fs;
#if _FS_EXFAT || _USE_TRIM
    DWORD scl = clst, ecl = clst;
#endif
#if _USE_TRIM
    DWORD rt[2];
#endif

    if (clst < 2 || clst >= fs->n_fatent) return FR_INT_ERR;    /* Check if in valid range */

    /* Mark the previous cluster 'EOC' on the FAT if it exists */
    if (pclst && (!_FS_EXFAT || fs->fs_type != FS_EXFAT || obj->stat != 2)) {
        res = put_fat(fs, pclst, 0xFFFFFFFF);
        if (res != FR_OK) return res;
    }

    /* Remove the chain */
    do {
        nxt = get_fat(obj, clst);           /* Get cluster status */
        if (nxt == 0) break;                /* Empty cluster? */
        if (nxt == 1) return FR_INT_ERR;    /* Internal error? */
        if (nxt == 0xFFFFFFFF) return FR_DISK_ERR;  /* Disk error? */
        if (!_FS_EXFAT || fs->fs_type != FS_EXFAT) {
            res = put_fat(fs, clst, 0);     /* Mark the cluster 'free' on the FAT */
            if (res != FR_OK) return res;
        }
        if (fs->free_clst < fs->n_fatent - 2) { /* Update FSINFO */
            fs->free_clst++;
            fs->fsi_flag |= 1;
        }
#if _FS_EXFAT || _USE_TRIM
        if (ecl + 1 == nxt) {   /* Is next cluster contiguous? */
            ecl = nxt;
        } else {                /* End of contiguous cluster block */ 
#if _FS_EXFAT
            if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                res = change_bitmap(fs, scl, ecl - scl + 1, 0); /* Mark the cluster block 'free' on the bitmap */
                if (res != FR_OK) return res;
            }
#endif
#if _USE_TRIM
            rt[0] = clust2sect(fs, scl);                    /* Start sector */
            rt[1] = clust2sect(fs, ecl) + fs->csize - 1;    /* End sector */
            disk_ioctl(fs->drv, CTRL_TRIM, rt);             /* Inform device the block can be erased */
#endif
            scl = ecl = nxt;
        }
#endif
        clst = nxt;                 /* Next cluster */
    } while (clst < fs->n_fatent);  /* Repeat while not the last link */

#if _FS_EXFAT
    if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
        if (pclst == 0) {   /* Does object have no chain? */
            obj->stat = 0;      /* Change the object status 'initial' */
        } else {
            if (obj->stat == 3 && pclst >= obj->sclust && pclst <= obj->sclust + obj->n_cont) { /* Did the chain got contiguous? */
                obj->stat = 2;  /* Change the object status 'contiguous' */
            }
        }
    }
#endif
    return FR_OK;
}




/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* FAT handling - Stretch a chain or Create a new chain                  */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
MEMSPACE
static
DWORD create_chain (    /* 0:No free cluster, 1:Internal error, 0xFFFFFFFF:Disk error, >=2:New cluster# */
    _FDID* obj,         /* Corresponding object */
    DWORD clst          /* Cluster# to stretch, 0:Create a new chain */
)
{
    DWORD cs, ncl, scl;
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs = obj->fs;


    if (clst == 0) {    /* Create a new chain */
        scl = fs->last_clst;                /* Get suggested cluster to start from */
        if (scl == 0 || scl >= fs->n_fatent) scl = 1;
    }
    else {              /* Stretch current chain */
        cs = get_fat(obj, clst);            /* Check the cluster status */
        if (cs < 2) return 1;               /* Invalid value */
        if (cs == 0xFFFFFFFF) return cs;    /* A disk error occurred */
        if (cs < fs->n_fatent) return cs;   /* It is already followed by next cluster */
        scl = clst;
    }

#if _FS_EXFAT
    if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {  /* On the exFAT volume */
        ncl = find_bitmap(fs, scl, 1);              /* Find a free cluster */
        if (ncl == 0 || ncl == 0xFFFFFFFF) return ncl;  /* No free cluster or hard error? */
        res = change_bitmap(fs, ncl, 1, 1);         /* Mark the cluster 'in use' */
        if (res == FR_INT_ERR) return 1;
        if (res == FR_DISK_ERR) return 0xFFFFFFFF;
        if (clst == 0) {                            /* Is it a new chain? */
            obj->stat = 2;                          /* Set status 'contiguous chain' */
        } else {                                    /* This is a stretched chain */
            if (obj->stat == 2 && ncl != scl + 1) { /* Is the chain got fragmented? */
                obj->n_cont = scl - obj->sclust;    /* Set size of the contiguous part */
                obj->stat = 3;                      /* Change status 'just fragmented' */
            }
        }
    } else
#endif
    {   /* On the FAT12/16/32 volume */
        ncl = scl;  /* Start cluster */
        for (;;) {
            ncl++;                          /* Next cluster */
            if (ncl >= fs->n_fatent) {      /* Check wrap-around */
                ncl = 2;
                if (ncl > scl) return 0;    /* No free cluster */
            }
            cs = get_fat(obj, ncl);         /* Get the cluster status */
            if (cs == 0) break;             /* Found a free cluster */
            if (cs == 1 || cs == 0xFFFFFFFF) return cs; /* An error occurred */
            if (ncl == scl) return 0;       /* No free cluster */
        }
    }

    if (_FS_EXFAT && fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT && obj->stat == 2) {   /* Is it a contiguous chain? */
        res = FR_OK;                        /* FAT does not need to be written */
    } else {
        res = put_fat(fs, ncl, 0xFFFFFFFF); /* Mark the new cluster 'EOC' */
        if (res == FR_OK && clst) {
            res = put_fat(fs, clst, ncl);   /* Link it from the previous one if needed */
        }
    }

    if (res == FR_OK) {         /* Update FSINFO if function succeeded. */
        fs->last_clst = ncl;
        if (fs->free_clst < fs->n_fatent - 2) fs->free_clst--;
        fs->fsi_flag |= 1;
    } else {
        ncl = (res == FR_DISK_ERR) ? 0xFFFFFFFF : 1;    /* Failed. Create error status */
    }

    return ncl;     /* Return new cluster number or error status */
}

#endif /* !_FS_READONLY */




#if _USE_FASTSEEK
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* FAT handling - Convert offset into cluster with link map table        */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

MEMSPACE
static
DWORD clmt_clust (  /* <2:Error, >=2:Cluster number */
    FIL* fp,        /* Pointer to the file object */
    FSIZE_t ofs     /* File offset to be converted to cluster# */
)
{
    DWORD cl, ncl, *tbl;
    FATFS *fs = fp->obj.fs;


    tbl = fp->cltbl + 1;    /* Top of CLMT */
    cl = (DWORD)(ofs / SS(fs) / fs->csize); /* Cluster order from top of the file */
    for (;;) {
        ncl = *tbl++;           /* Number of cluters in the fragment */
        if (ncl == 0) return 0; /* End of table? (error) */
        if (cl < ncl) break;    /* In this fragment? */
        cl -= ncl; tbl++;       /* Next fragment */
    }
    return cl + *tbl;   /* Return the cluster number */
}

#endif  /* _USE_FASTSEEK */




/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Directory handling - Set directory index                              */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

MEMSPACE
static
FRESULT dir_sdi (   /* FR_OK(0):succeeded, !=0:error */
    DIR* dp,        /* Pointer to directory object */
    DWORD ofs       /* Offset of directory table */
)
{
    DWORD csz, clst;
    FATFS *fs = dp->obj.fs;


    if (ofs >= (DWORD)((_FS_EXFAT && fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) ? MAX_DIR_EX : MAX_DIR) || ofs % SZDIRE) {    /* Check range of offset and alignment */
        return FR_INT_ERR;
    }
    dp->dptr = ofs;             /* Set current offset */
    clst = dp->obj.sclust;      /* Table start cluster (0:root) */
    if (clst == 0 && fs->fs_type >= FS_FAT32) { /* Replace cluster# 0 with root cluster# */
        clst = fs->dirbase;
        if (_FS_EXFAT) dp->obj.stat = 0;    /* exFAT: Root dir has an FAT chain */
    }

    if (clst == 0) {    /* Static table (root-directory in FAT12/16) */
        if (ofs / SZDIRE >= fs->n_rootdir)  return FR_INT_ERR;  /* Is index out of range? */
        dp->sect = fs->dirbase;

    } else {            /* Dynamic table (sub-directory or root-directory in FAT32+) */
        csz = (DWORD)fs->csize * SS(fs);    /* Bytes per cluster */
        while (ofs >= csz) {                /* Follow cluster chain */
            clst = get_fat(&dp->obj, clst);             /* Get next cluster */
            if (clst == 0xFFFFFFFF) return FR_DISK_ERR; /* Disk error */
            if (clst < 2 || clst >= fs->n_fatent) return FR_INT_ERR;    /* Reached to end of table or internal error */
            ofs -= csz;
        }
        dp->sect = clust2sect(fs, clst);
    }
    dp->clust = clst;                   /* Current cluster# */
    if (!dp->sect) return FR_INT_ERR;
    dp->sect += ofs / SS(fs);           /* Sector# of the directory entry */
    dp->dir = fs->win + (ofs % SS(fs)); /* Pointer to the entry in the win[] */

    return FR_OK;
}




/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Directory handling - Move directory table index next                  */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

MEMSPACE
static
FRESULT dir_next (  /* FR_OK(0):succeeded, FR_NO_FILE:End of table, FR_DENIED:Could not stretch */
    DIR* dp,        /* Pointer to the directory object */
    int stretch     /* 0: Do not stretch table, 1: Stretch table if needed */
)
{
    DWORD ofs, clst;
    FATFS *fs = dp->obj.fs;
#if !_FS_READONLY
    UINT n;
#endif

    ofs = dp->dptr + SZDIRE;    /* Next entry */
    if (!dp->sect || ofs >= (DWORD)((_FS_EXFAT && fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) ? MAX_DIR_EX : MAX_DIR)) return FR_NO_FILE;  /* Report EOT when offset has reached max value */

    if (ofs % SS(fs) == 0) {    /* Sector changed? */
        dp->sect++;             /* Next sector */

        if (!dp->clust) {       /* Static table */
            if (ofs / SZDIRE >= fs->n_rootdir) {    /* Report EOT if it reached end of static table */
                dp->sect = 0; return FR_NO_FILE;
            }
        }
        else {                  /* Dynamic table */
            if ((ofs / SS(fs) & (fs->csize - 1)) == 0) {        /* Cluster changed? */
                clst = get_fat(&dp->obj, dp->clust);            /* Get next cluster */
                if (clst <= 1) return FR_INT_ERR;               /* Internal error */
                if (clst == 0xFFFFFFFF) return FR_DISK_ERR;     /* Disk error */
                if (clst >= fs->n_fatent) {                     /* Reached end of dynamic table */
#if !_FS_READONLY
                    if (!stretch) {                             /* If no stretch, report EOT */
                        dp->sect = 0; return FR_NO_FILE;
                    }
                    clst = create_chain(&dp->obj, dp->clust);   /* Allocate a cluster */
                    if (clst == 0) return FR_DENIED;            /* No free cluster */
                    if (clst == 1) return FR_INT_ERR;           /* Internal error */
                    if (clst == 0xFFFFFFFF) return FR_DISK_ERR; /* Disk error */
                    /* Clean-up the stretched table */
                    if (_FS_EXFAT) dp->obj.stat |= 4;           /* The directory needs to be updated */
                    if (sync_window(fs) != FR_OK) return FR_DISK_ERR;   /* Flush disk access window */
                    mem_set(fs->win, 0, SS(fs));                /* Clear window buffer */
                    for (n = 0, fs->winsect = clust2sect(fs, clst); n < fs->csize; n++, fs->winsect++) {    /* Fill the new cluster with 0 */
                        fs->wflag = 1;
                        if (sync_window(fs) != FR_OK) return FR_DISK_ERR;
                    }
                    fs->winsect -= n;                           /* Restore window offset */
#else
                    if (!stretch) dp->sect = 0;                 /* If no stretch, report EOT (this is to suppress warning) */
                    dp->sect = 0; return FR_NO_FILE;            /* Report EOT */
#endif
                }
                dp->clust = clst;       /* Initialize data for new cluster */
                dp->sect = clust2sect(fs, clst);
            }
        }
    }
    dp->dptr = ofs;                     /* Current entry */
    dp->dir = fs->win + ofs % SS(fs);   /* Pointer to the entry in the win[] */

    return FR_OK;
}




#if !_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Directory handling - Reserve a block of directory entries             */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

MEMSPACE
static
FRESULT dir_alloc ( /* FR_OK(0):succeeded, !=0:error */
    DIR* dp,        /* Pointer to the directory object */
    UINT nent       /* Number of contiguous entries to allocate */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    UINT n;
    FATFS *fs = dp->obj.fs;


    res = dir_sdi(dp, 0);
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        n = 0;
        do {
            res = move_window(fs, dp->sect);
            if (res != FR_OK) break;
#if _FS_EXFAT
            if ((fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) ? (int)((dp->dir[XDIR_Type] & 0x80) == 0) : (int)(dp->dir[DIR_Name] == DDEM || dp->dir[DIR_Name] == 0)) {
#else
            if (dp->dir[DIR_Name] == DDEM || dp->dir[DIR_Name] == 0) {
#endif
                if (++n == nent) break; /* A block of contiguous free entries is found */
            } else {
                n = 0;                  /* Not a blank entry. Restart to search */
            }
            res = dir_next(dp, 1);
        } while (res == FR_OK); /* Next entry with table stretch enabled */
    }

    if (res == FR_NO_FILE) res = FR_DENIED; /* No directory entry to allocate */
    return res;
}

#endif  /* !_FS_READONLY */




/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* FAT: Directory handling - Load/Store start cluster number             */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

MEMSPACE
static
DWORD ld_clust (    /* Returns the top cluster value of the SFN entry */
    FATFS* fs,      /* Pointer to the fs object */
    const BYTE* dir /* Pointer to the key entry */
)
{
    DWORD cl;

    cl = ld_word(dir + DIR_FstClusLO);
    if (fs->fs_type == FS_FAT32) {
        cl |= (DWORD)ld_word(dir + DIR_FstClusHI) << 16;
    }

    return cl;
}


#if !_FS_READONLY
MEMSPACE
static
void st_clust (
    FATFS* fs,  /* Pointer to the fs object */
    BYTE* dir,  /* Pointer to the key entry */
    DWORD cl    /* Value to be set */
)
{
    st_word(dir + DIR_FstClusLO, (WORD)cl);
    if (fs->fs_type == FS_FAT32) {
        st_word(dir + DIR_FstClusHI, (WORD)(cl >> 16));
    }
}
#endif



#if _USE_LFN != 0
/*------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* FAT-LFN: LFN handling                                                  */
/*------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
static
const BYTE LfnOfs[] = {1,3,5,7,9,14,16,18,20,22,24,28,30};  /* Offset of LFN characters in the directory entry */


/*--------------------------------------------------------*/
/* FAT-LFN: Compare a part of file name with an LFN entry */
/*--------------------------------------------------------*/
MEMSPACE
static
int cmp_lfn (               /* 1:matched, 0:not matched */
    const WCHAR* lfnbuf,    /* Pointer to the LFN working buffer to be compared */
    BYTE* dir               /* Pointer to the directory entry containing the part of LFN */
)
{
    UINT i, s;
    WCHAR wc, uc;


    if (ld_word(dir + LDIR_FstClusLO) != 0) return 0;   /* Check LDIR_FstClusLO */

    i = ((dir[LDIR_Ord] & 0x3F) - 1) * 13;  /* Offset in the LFN buffer */

    for (wc = 1, s = 0; s < 13; s++) {      /* Process all characters in the entry */
        uc = ld_word(dir + LfnOfs[s]);      /* Pick an LFN character */
        if (wc) {
            if (i >= _MAX_LFN || ff_wtoupper(uc) != ff_wtoupper(lfnbuf[i++])) { /* Compare it */
                return 0;                   /* Not matched */
            }
            wc = uc;
        } else {
            if (uc != 0xFFFF) return 0;     /* Check filler */
        }
    }

    if ((dir[LDIR_Ord] & LLEF) && wc && lfnbuf[i]) return 0;    /* Last segment matched but different length */

    return 1;       /* The part of LFN matched */
}


#if _FS_MINIMIZE <= 1 || _FS_RPATH >= 2 || _USE_LABEL || _FS_EXFAT
/*-----------------------------------------------------*/
/* FAT-LFN: Pick a part of file name from an LFN entry */
/*-----------------------------------------------------*/
MEMSPACE
static
int pick_lfn (          /* 1:succeeded, 0:buffer overflow or invalid LFN entry */
    WCHAR* lfnbuf,      /* Pointer to the LFN working buffer */
    BYTE* dir           /* Pointer to the LFN entry */
)
{
    UINT i, s;
    WCHAR wc, uc;


    if (ld_word(dir + LDIR_FstClusLO) != 0) return 0;   /* Check LDIR_FstClusLO */

    i = ((dir[LDIR_Ord] & 0x3F) - 1) * 13;  /* Offset in the LFN buffer */

    for (wc = 1, s = 0; s < 13; s++) {      /* Process all characters in the entry */
        uc = ld_word(dir + LfnOfs[s]);      /* Pick an LFN character */
        if (wc) {
            if (i >= _MAX_LFN) return 0;    /* Buffer overflow? */
            lfnbuf[i++] = wc = uc;          /* Store it */
        } else {
            if (uc != 0xFFFF) return 0;     /* Check filler */
        }
    }

    if (dir[LDIR_Ord] & LLEF) {             /* Put terminator if it is the last LFN part */
        if (i >= _MAX_LFN) return 0;        /* Buffer overflow? */
        lfnbuf[i] = 0;
    }

    return 1;       /* The part of LFN is valid */
}
#endif


#if !_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------*/
/* FAT-LFN: Create an entry of LFN entries */
/*-----------------------------------------*/
MEMSPACE
static
void put_lfn (
    const WCHAR* lfn,   /* Pointer to the LFN */
    BYTE* dir,          /* Pointer to the LFN entry to be created */
    BYTE ord,           /* LFN order (1-20) */
    BYTE sum            /* Checksum of the corresponding SFN */
)
{
    UINT i, s;
    WCHAR wc;


    dir[LDIR_Chksum] = sum;         /* Set checksum */
    dir[LDIR_Attr] = AM_LFN;        /* Set attribute. LFN entry */
    dir[LDIR_Type] = 0;
    st_word(dir + LDIR_FstClusLO, 0);

    i = (ord - 1) * 13;             /* Get offset in the LFN working buffer */
    s = wc = 0;
    do {
        if (wc != 0xFFFF) wc = lfn[i++];    /* Get an effective character */
        st_word(dir + LfnOfs[s], wc);       /* Put it */
        if (wc == 0) wc = 0xFFFF;       /* Padding characters for left locations */
    } while (++s < 13);
    if (wc == 0xFFFF || !lfn[i]) ord |= LLEF;   /* Last LFN part is the start of LFN sequence */
    dir[LDIR_Ord] = ord;            /* Set the LFN order */
}

#endif  /* !_FS_READONLY */
#endif  /* _USE_LFN != 0 */



#if _USE_LFN != 0 && !_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* FAT-LFN: Create a Numbered SFN                                        */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

MEMSPACE
static
void gen_numname (
    BYTE* dst,          /* Pointer to the buffer to store numbered SFN */
    const BYTE* src,    /* Pointer to SFN */
    const WCHAR* lfn,   /* Pointer to LFN */
    UINT seq            /* Sequence number */
)
{
    BYTE ns[8], c;
    UINT i, j;
    WCHAR wc;
    DWORD sr;


    mem_cpy(dst, src, 11);

    if (seq > 5) {  /* In case of many collisions, generate a hash number instead of sequential number */
        sr = seq;
        while (*lfn) {  /* Create a CRC */
            wc = *lfn++;
            for (i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
                sr = (sr << 1) + (wc & 1);
                wc >>= 1;
                if (sr & 0x10000) sr ^= 0x11021;
            }
        }
        seq = (UINT)sr;
    }

    /* itoa (hexdecimal) */
    i = 7;
    do {
        c = (BYTE)((seq % 16) + '0');
        if (c > '9') c += 7;
        ns[i--] = c;
        seq /= 16;
    } while (seq);
    ns[i] = '~';

    /* Append the number */
    for (j = 0; j < i && dst[j] != ' '; j++) {
        if (IsDBCS1(dst[j])) {
            if (j == i - 1) break;
            j++;
        }
    }
    do {
        dst[j++] = (i < 8) ? ns[i++] : ' ';
    } while (j < 8);
}
#endif  /* _USE_LFN != 0 && !_FS_READONLY */



#if _USE_LFN != 0
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* FAT-LFN: Calculate checksum of an SFN entry                           */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

MEMSPACE
static
BYTE sum_sfn (
    const BYTE* dir     /* Pointer to the SFN entry */
)
{
    BYTE sum = 0;
    UINT n = 11;

    do sum = (sum >> 1) + (sum << 7) + *dir++; while (--n);
    return sum;
}

#endif  /* _USE_LFN != 0 */



#if _FS_EXFAT
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* exFAT: Checksum                                                       */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

MEMSPACE
static
WORD xdir_sum (         /* Get checksum of the directoly block */
    const BYTE* dir     /* Directory entry block to be calculated */
)
{
    UINT i, szblk;
    WORD sum;


    szblk = (dir[XDIR_NumSec] + 1) * SZDIRE;
    for (i = sum = 0; i < szblk; i++) {
        if (i == XDIR_SetSum) { /* Skip sum field */
            i++;
        } else {
            sum = ((sum & 1) ? 0x8000 : 0) + (sum >> 1) + dir[i];
        }
    }
    return sum;
}



MEMSPACE
static
WORD xname_sum (        /* Get check sum (to be used as hash) of the name */
    const WCHAR* name   /* File name to be calculated */
)
{
    WCHAR chr;
    WORD sum = 0;


    while ((chr = *name++) != 0) {
        chr = ff_wtoupper(chr);     /* File name needs to be ignored case */
        sum = ((sum & 1) ? 0x8000 : 0) + (sum >> 1) + (chr & 0xFF);
        sum = ((sum & 1) ? 0x8000 : 0) + (sum >> 1) + (chr >> 8);
    }
    return sum;
}


#if !_FS_READONLY && _USE_MKFS
MEMSPACE
static
DWORD xsum32 (
    BYTE  dat,  /* Data to be sumed */
    DWORD sum   /* Previous value */
)
{
    sum = ((sum & 1) ? 0x80000000 : 0) + (sum >> 1) + dat;
    return sum;
}
#endif


#if _FS_MINIMIZE <= 1 || _FS_RPATH >= 2
/*------------------------------------------------------*/
/* exFAT: Get object information from a directory block */
/*------------------------------------------------------*/

MEMSPACE
static
void get_xdir_info (
    BYTE* dirb,         /* Pointer to the direcotry entry block 85+C0+C1s */
    FILINFO* fno        /* Buffer to store the extracted file information */
)
{
    UINT di, si;
    WCHAR w;
#if !_LFN_UNICODE
    UINT nc;
#endif

    /* Get file name */
#if _LFN_UNICODE
    if (dirb[XDIR_NumName] <= _MAX_LFN) {
        for (si = SZDIRE * 2, di = 0; di < dirb[XDIR_NumName]; si += 2, di++) {
            if ((si % SZDIRE) == 0) si += 2;    /* Skip entry type field */
            w = ld_word(dirb + si);             /* Get a character */
            fno->fname[di] = w;                 /* Store it */
        }
    } else {
        di = 0; /* Buffer overflow and inaccessible object */
    }
#else
    for (si = SZDIRE * 2, di = nc = 0; nc < dirb[XDIR_NumName]; si += 2, nc++) {
        if ((si % SZDIRE) == 0) si += 2;    /* Skip entry type field */
        w = ld_word(dirb + si);             /* Get a character */
        w = ff_convert(w, 0);               /* Unicode -> OEM */
        if (w == 0) { di = 0; break; }      /* Could not be converted and inaccessible object */
        if (_DF1S && w >= 0x100) {          /* Put 1st byte if it is a DBC (always false at SBCS cfg) */
            fno->fname[di++] = (char)(w >> 8);
        }
        if (di >= _MAX_LFN) { di = 0; break; }  /* Buffer overflow and inaccessible object */
        fno->fname[di++] = (char)w;
    }
#endif
    if (di == 0) fno->fname[di++] = '?';    /* Inaccessible object? */
    fno->fname[di] = 0;                     /* Terminate file name */

    fno->altname[0] = 0;                            /* No SFN */
    fno->fattrib = dirb[XDIR_Attr];                 /* Attribute */
    fno->fsize = (fno->fattrib & AM_DIR) ? 0 : ld_qword(dirb + XDIR_FileSize);  /* Size */
    fno->ftime = ld_word(dirb + XDIR_ModTime + 0);  /* Time */
    fno->fdate = ld_word(dirb + XDIR_ModTime + 2);  /* Date */
}

#endif  /* _FS_MINIMIZE <= 1 || _FS_RPATH >= 2 */


/*-----------------------------------*/
/* exFAT: Get a directry entry block */
/*-----------------------------------*/

MEMSPACE
static
FRESULT load_xdir ( /* FR_INT_ERR: invalid entry block */
    DIR* dp         /* Pointer to the reading direcotry object pointing the 85 entry */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    UINT i, nent;
    BYTE* dirb = dp->obj.fs->dirbuf;    /* Pointer to the on-memory direcotry entry block 85+C0+C1s */


    /* Load 85 entry */
    res = move_window(dp->obj.fs, dp->sect);
    if (res != FR_OK) return res;
    if (dp->dir[XDIR_Type] != 0x85) return FR_INT_ERR;
    mem_cpy(dirb, dp->dir, SZDIRE);
    nent = dirb[XDIR_NumSec] + 1;

    /* Load C0 entry */
    res = dir_next(dp, 0);
    if (res != FR_OK) return res;
    res = move_window(dp->obj.fs, dp->sect);
    if (res != FR_OK) return res;
    if (dp->dir[XDIR_Type] != 0xC0) return FR_INT_ERR;
    mem_cpy(dirb + SZDIRE, dp->dir, SZDIRE);

    /* Load C1 entries */
    if (nent < 3 || nent > 19) return FR_NO_FILE;
    i = SZDIRE * 2; nent *= SZDIRE;
    do {
        res = dir_next(dp, 0);
        if (res != FR_OK) return res;
        res = move_window(dp->obj.fs, dp->sect);
        if (res != FR_OK) return res;
        if (dp->dir[XDIR_Type] != 0xC1) return FR_INT_ERR;
        mem_cpy(dirb + i, dp->dir, SZDIRE);
        i += SZDIRE;
    } while (i < nent);

    /* Sanity check */
    if (xdir_sum(dirb) != ld_word(dirb + XDIR_SetSum)) return FR_INT_ERR;

    return FR_OK;
}


#if !_FS_READONLY || _FS_RPATH != 0 
/*------------------------------------------------*/
/* exFAT: Load the object's directory entry block */
/*------------------------------------------------*/
MEMSPACE
static
FRESULT load_obj_dir (  
    DIR* dp,            /* Blank directory object to be used to access containing direcotry */
    const _FDID* obj    /* Object with containing directory information */
)
{
    FRESULT res;


    /* Open object containing directory */
    dp->obj.fs = obj->fs;
    dp->obj.sclust = obj->c_scl;
    dp->obj.stat = (BYTE)obj->c_size;
    dp->obj.objsize = obj->c_size & 0xFFFFFF00;
    dp->blk_ofs = obj->c_ofs;

    res = dir_sdi(dp, dp->blk_ofs); /* Goto the block location */
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        res = load_xdir(dp);        /* Load the object's entry block */
    }
    return res;
}
#endif


#if !_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------*/
/* exFAT: Store the directory block to the media */
/*-----------------------------------------------*/
MEMSPACE
static
FRESULT store_xdir (
    DIR* dp             /* Pointer to the direcotry object */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    UINT nent;
    BYTE* dirb = dp->obj.fs->dirbuf;    /* Pointer to the direcotry entry block 85+C0+C1s */

    /* Create set sum */
    st_word(dirb + XDIR_SetSum, xdir_sum(dirb));
    nent = dirb[XDIR_NumSec] + 1;

    /* Store the set of directory to the volume */
    res = dir_sdi(dp, dp->blk_ofs);
    while (res == FR_OK) {
        res = move_window(dp->obj.fs, dp->sect);
        if (res != FR_OK) break;
        mem_cpy(dp->dir, dirb, SZDIRE);
        dp->obj.fs->wflag = 1;
        if (--nent == 0) break;
        dirb += SZDIRE;
        res = dir_next(dp, 0);
    }
    return (res == FR_OK || res == FR_DISK_ERR) ? res : FR_INT_ERR;
}



/*-------------------------------------------*/
/* exFAT: Create a new directory enrty block */
/*-------------------------------------------*/

MEMSPACE
static
void create_xdir (
    BYTE* dirb,         /* Pointer to the direcotry entry block buffer */
    const WCHAR* lfn    /* Pointer to the nul terminated file name */
)
{
    UINT i;
    BYTE nb, nc;
    WCHAR chr;


    mem_set(dirb, 0, 2 * SZDIRE);           /* Initialize 85+C0 entry */
    dirb[XDIR_Type] = 0x85;
    dirb[XDIR_Type + SZDIRE] = 0xC0;
    st_word(dirb + XDIR_NameHash, xname_sum(lfn));  /* Set name hash */

    i = SZDIRE * 2; /* C1 offset */
    nc = 0; nb = 1; chr = 1;
    do {
        dirb[i++] = 0xC1; dirb[i++] = 0;    /* Entry type C1 */
        do {    /* Fill name field */
            if (chr && (chr = lfn[nc]) != 0) nc++;  /* Get a character if exist */
            st_word(dirb + i, chr); i += 2; /* Store it */
        } while (i % SZDIRE);
        nb++;
    } while (lfn[nc]);  /* Fill next entry if any char follows */

    dirb[XDIR_NumName] = nc;    /* Set name length */
    dirb[XDIR_NumSec] = nb;     /* Set number of C0+C1s */
}

#endif  /* !_FS_READONLY */
#endif  /* _FS_EXFAT */



#if _FS_MINIMIZE <= 1 || _FS_RPATH >= 2 || _USE_LABEL || _FS_EXFAT
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Read an object from the directory                                     */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

MEMSPACE
static
FRESULT dir_read (
    DIR* dp,        /* Pointer to the directory object */
    int vol         /* Filtered by 0:file/directory or 1:volume label */
)
{
    FRESULT res = FR_NO_FILE;
    FATFS *fs = dp->obj.fs;
    BYTE a, c;
#if _USE_LFN != 0
    BYTE ord = 0xFF, sum = 0xFF;
#endif

    while (dp->sect) {
        res = move_window(fs, dp->sect);
        if (res != FR_OK) break;
        c = dp->dir[DIR_Name];  /* Test for the entry type */
        if (c == 0) { res = FR_NO_FILE; break; }    /* Reached to end of the directory */
#if _FS_EXFAT
        if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {  /* On the exFAT volume */
            if (_USE_LABEL && vol) {
                if (c == 0x83) break;   /* Volume label entry? */
            } else {
                if (c == 0x85) {        /* Start of the file entry block? */
                    dp->blk_ofs = dp->dptr; /* Get location of the block */
                    res = load_xdir(dp);    /* Load the entry block */
                    if (res == FR_OK) {
                        dp->obj.attr = fs->dirbuf[XDIR_Attr] & AM_MASK; /* Get attribute */
                    }
                    break;
                }
            }
        } else
#endif
        {   /* On the FAT12/16/32 volume */
            dp->obj.attr = a = dp->dir[DIR_Attr] & AM_MASK; /* Get attribute */
#if _USE_LFN != 0   /* LFN configuration */
            if (c == DDEM || c == '.' || (int)((a & ~AM_ARC) == AM_VOL) != vol) {   /* An entry without valid data */
                ord = 0xFF;
            } else {
                if (a == AM_LFN) {          /* An LFN entry is found */
                    if (c & LLEF) {         /* Is it start of an LFN sequence? */
                        sum = dp->dir[LDIR_Chksum];
                        c &= (BYTE)~LLEF; ord = c;
                        dp->blk_ofs = dp->dptr;
                    }
                    /* Check LFN validity and capture it */
                    ord = (c == ord && sum == dp->dir[LDIR_Chksum] && pick_lfn(fs->lfnbuf, dp->dir)) ? ord - 1 : 0xFF;
                } else {                    /* An SFN entry is found */
                    if (ord || sum != sum_sfn(dp->dir)) {   /* Is there a valid LFN? */
                        dp->blk_ofs = 0xFFFFFFFF;           /* It has no LFN. */
                    }
                    break;
                }
            }
#else       /* Non LFN configuration */
            if (c != DDEM && c != '.' && a != AM_LFN && (int)((a & ~AM_ARC) == AM_VOL) == vol) {    /* Is it a valid entry? */
                break;
            }
#endif
        }
        res = dir_next(dp, 0);      /* Next entry */
        if (res != FR_OK) break;
    }

    if (res != FR_OK) dp->sect = 0;     /* Terminate the read operation on error or EOT */
    return res;
}

#endif  /* _FS_MINIMIZE <= 1 || _USE_LABEL || _FS_RPATH >= 2 */



/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Directory handling - Find an object in the directory                  */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

MEMSPACE
static
FRESULT dir_find (  /* FR_OK(0):succeeded, !=0:error */
    DIR* dp         /* Pointer to the directory object with the file name */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs = dp->obj.fs;
    BYTE c;
#if _USE_LFN != 0
    BYTE a, ord, sum;
#endif

    res = dir_sdi(dp, 0);           /* Rewind directory object */
    if (res != FR_OK) return res;
#if _FS_EXFAT
    if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {  /* On the exFAT volume */
        BYTE nc;
        UINT di, ni;
        WORD hash = xname_sum(fs->lfnbuf);      /* Hash value of the name to find */

        while ((res = dir_read(dp, 0)) == FR_OK) {  /* Read an item */
            if (ld_word(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_NameHash) != hash) continue;  /* Skip the comparison if hash value mismatched */
            for (nc = fs->dirbuf[XDIR_NumName], di = SZDIRE * 2, ni = 0; nc; nc--, di += 2, ni++) { /* Compare the name */
                if ((di % SZDIRE) == 0) di += 2;
                if (ff_wtoupper(ld_word(fs->dirbuf + di)) != ff_wtoupper(fs->lfnbuf[ni])) break;
            }
            if (nc == 0 && !fs->lfnbuf[ni]) break;  /* Name matched? */
        }
        return res;
    }
#endif
    /* On the FAT12/16/32 volume */
#if _USE_LFN != 0
    ord = sum = 0xFF; dp->blk_ofs = 0xFFFFFFFF; /* Reset LFN sequence */
#endif
    do {
        res = move_window(fs, dp->sect);
        if (res != FR_OK) break;
        c = dp->dir[DIR_Name];
        if (c == 0) { res = FR_NO_FILE; break; }    /* Reached to end of table */
#if _USE_LFN != 0   /* LFN configuration */
        dp->obj.attr = a = dp->dir[DIR_Attr] & AM_MASK;
        if (c == DDEM || ((a & AM_VOL) && a != AM_LFN)) {   /* An entry without valid data */
            ord = 0xFF; dp->blk_ofs = 0xFFFFFFFF;   /* Reset LFN sequence */
        } else {
            if (a == AM_LFN) {          /* An LFN entry is found */
                if (!(dp->fn[NSFLAG] & NS_NOLFN)) {
                    if (c & LLEF) {     /* Is it start of LFN sequence? */
                        sum = dp->dir[LDIR_Chksum];
                        c &= (BYTE)~LLEF; ord = c;  /* LFN start order */
                        dp->blk_ofs = dp->dptr; /* Start offset of LFN */
                    }
                    /* Check validity of the LFN entry and compare it with given name */
                    ord = (c == ord && sum == dp->dir[LDIR_Chksum] && cmp_lfn(fs->lfnbuf, dp->dir)) ? ord - 1 : 0xFF;
                }
            } else {                    /* An SFN entry is found */
                if (!ord && sum == sum_sfn(dp->dir)) break; /* LFN matched? */
                if (!(dp->fn[NSFLAG] & NS_LOSS) && !mem_cmp(dp->dir, dp->fn, 11)) break;    /* SFN matched? */
                ord = 0xFF; dp->blk_ofs = 0xFFFFFFFF;   /* Reset LFN sequence */
            }
        }
#else       /* Non LFN configuration */
        dp->obj.attr = dp->dir[DIR_Attr] & AM_MASK;
        if (!(dp->dir[DIR_Attr] & AM_VOL) && !mem_cmp(dp->dir, dp->fn, 11)) break;  /* Is it a valid entry? */
#endif
        res = dir_next(dp, 0);  /* Next entry */
    } while (res == FR_OK);

    return res;
}




#if !_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Register an object to the directory                                   */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

MEMSPACE
static
FRESULT dir_register (  /* FR_OK:succeeded, FR_DENIED:no free entry or too many SFN collision, FR_DISK_ERR:disk error */
    DIR* dp             /* Target directory with object name to be created */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs = dp->obj.fs;
#if _USE_LFN != 0   /* LFN configuration */
    UINT n, nlen, nent;
    BYTE sn[12], sum;


    if (dp->fn[NSFLAG] & (NS_DOT | NS_NONAME)) return FR_INVALID_NAME;  /* Check name validity */
    for (nlen = 0; fs->lfnbuf[nlen]; nlen++) ;  /* Get lfn length */

#if _FS_EXFAT
    if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {  /* On the exFAT volume */
        DIR dj;

        nent = (nlen + 14) / 15 + 2;    /* Number of entries to allocate (85+C0+C1s) */
        res = dir_alloc(dp, nent);      /* Allocate entries */
        if (res != FR_OK) return res;
        dp->blk_ofs = dp->dptr - SZDIRE * (nent - 1);           /* Set block position */

        if (dp->obj.sclust != 0 && (dp->obj.stat & 4)) {    /* Has the sub-directory been stretched? */
            dp->obj.stat &= 3;
            dp->obj.objsize += (DWORD)fs->csize * SS(fs);   /* Increase object size by cluster size */
            res = fill_fat_chain(&dp->obj); /* Complement FAT chain if needed */
            if (res != FR_OK) return res;
            res = load_obj_dir(&dj, &dp->obj);
            if (res != FR_OK) return res;   /* Load the object status */
            st_qword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FileSize, dp->obj.objsize);      /* Update the allocation status */
            st_qword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_ValidFileSize, dp->obj.objsize);
            fs->dirbuf[XDIR_GenFlags] = dp->obj.stat | 1;
            res = store_xdir(&dj);          /* Store the object status */
            if (res != FR_OK) return res;
        }

        create_xdir(fs->dirbuf, fs->lfnbuf);    /* Create on-memory directory block to be written later */
        return FR_OK;
    }
#endif
    /* On the FAT12/16/32 volume */
    mem_cpy(sn, dp->fn, 12);
    if (sn[NSFLAG] & NS_LOSS) {         /* When LFN is out of 8.3 format, generate a numbered name */
        dp->fn[NSFLAG] = NS_NOLFN;      /* Find only SFN */
        for (n = 1; n < 100; n++) {
            gen_numname(dp->fn, sn, fs->lfnbuf, n); /* Generate a numbered name */
            res = dir_find(dp);             /* Check if the name collides with existing SFN */
            if (res != FR_OK) break;
        }
        if (n == 100) return FR_DENIED;     /* Abort if too many collisions */
        if (res != FR_NO_FILE) return res;  /* Abort if the result is other than 'not collided' */
        dp->fn[NSFLAG] = sn[NSFLAG];
    }

    /* Create an SFN with/without LFNs. */
    nent = (sn[NSFLAG] & NS_LFN) ? (nlen + 12) / 13 + 1 : 1;    /* Number of entries to allocate */
    res = dir_alloc(dp, nent);      /* Allocate entries */
    if (res == FR_OK && --nent) {   /* Set LFN entry if needed */
        res = dir_sdi(dp, dp->dptr - nent * SZDIRE);
        if (res == FR_OK) {
            sum = sum_sfn(dp->fn);  /* Checksum value of the SFN tied to the LFN */
            do {                    /* Store LFN entries in bottom first */
                res = move_window(fs, dp->sect);
                if (res != FR_OK) break;
                put_lfn(fs->lfnbuf, dp->dir, (BYTE)nent, sum);
                fs->wflag = 1;
                res = dir_next(dp, 0);  /* Next entry */
            } while (res == FR_OK && --nent);
        }
    }

#else   /* Non LFN configuration */
    res = dir_alloc(dp, 1);     /* Allocate an entry for SFN */

#endif

    /* Set SFN entry */
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        res = move_window(fs, dp->sect);
        if (res == FR_OK) {
            mem_set(dp->dir, 0, SZDIRE);    /* Clean the entry */
            mem_cpy(dp->dir + DIR_Name, dp->fn, 11);    /* Put SFN */
#if _USE_LFN != 0
            dp->dir[DIR_NTres] = dp->fn[NSFLAG] & (NS_BODY | NS_EXT);   /* Put NT flag */
#endif
            fs->wflag = 1;
        }
    }

    return res;
}

#endif /* !_FS_READONLY */



#if !_FS_READONLY && _FS_MINIMIZE == 0
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Remove an object from the directory                                   */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

MEMSPACE
static
FRESULT dir_remove (    /* FR_OK:Succeeded, FR_DISK_ERR:A disk error */
    DIR* dp             /* Directory object pointing the entry to be removed */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs = dp->obj.fs;
#if _USE_LFN != 0   /* LFN configuration */
    DWORD last = dp->dptr;

    res = (dp->blk_ofs == 0xFFFFFFFF) ? FR_OK : dir_sdi(dp, dp->blk_ofs);   /* Goto top of the entry block if LFN is exist */
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        do {
            res = move_window(fs, dp->sect);
            if (res != FR_OK) break;
            /* Mark an entry 'deleted' */
            if (_FS_EXFAT && fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) { /* On the exFAT volume */
                dp->dir[XDIR_Type] &= 0x7F;
            } else {                                    /* On the FAT12/16/32 volume */
                dp->dir[DIR_Name] = DDEM;
            }
            fs->wflag = 1;
            if (dp->dptr >= last) break;    /* If reached last entry then all entries of the object has been deleted. */
            res = dir_next(dp, 0);  /* Next entry */
        } while (res == FR_OK);
        if (res == FR_NO_FILE) res = FR_INT_ERR;
    }
#else           /* Non LFN configuration */

    res = move_window(fs, dp->sect);
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        dp->dir[DIR_Name] = DDEM;
        fs->wflag = 1;
    }
#endif

    return res;
}

#endif /* !_FS_READONLY && _FS_MINIMIZE == 0 */



#if _FS_MINIMIZE <= 1 || _FS_RPATH >= 2
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Get file information from directory entry                             */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

MEMSPACE
static
void get_fileinfo (     /* No return code */
    DIR* dp,            /* Pointer to the directory object */
    FILINFO* fno        /* Pointer to the file information to be filled */
)
{
    UINT i, j;
    TCHAR c;
    DWORD tm;
#if _USE_LFN != 0
    WCHAR w, lfv;
    FATFS *fs = dp->obj.fs;
#endif


    fno->fname[0] = 0;      /* Invaidate file info */
    if (!dp->sect) return;  /* Exit if read pointer has reached end of directory */

#if _USE_LFN != 0   /* LFN configuration */
#if _FS_EXFAT
    if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {  /* On the exFAT volume */
        get_xdir_info(fs->dirbuf, fno);
        return;
    } else
#endif
    {   /* On the FAT12/16/32 volume */
        if (dp->blk_ofs != 0xFFFFFFFF) {    /* Get LFN if available */
            i = j = 0;
            while ((w = fs->lfnbuf[j++]) != 0) {    /* Get an LFN character */
#if !_LFN_UNICODE
                w = ff_convert(w, 0);       /* Unicode -> OEM */
                if (w == 0) { i = 0; break; }   /* No LFN if it could not be converted */
                if (_DF1S && w >= 0x100) {  /* Put 1st byte if it is a DBC (always false at SBCS cfg) */
                    fno->fname[i++] = (char)(w >> 8);
                }
#endif
                if (i >= _MAX_LFN) { i = 0; break; }    /* No LFN if buffer overflow */
                fno->fname[i++] = (TCHAR)w;
            }
            fno->fname[i] = 0;  /* Terminate the LFN */
        }
    }

    i = j = 0;
    lfv = fno->fname[i];    /* LFN is exist if non-zero */
    while (i < 11) {        /* Copy name body and extension */
        c = (TCHAR)dp->dir[i++];
        if (c == ' ') continue;             /* Skip padding spaces */
        if (c == RDDEM) c = (TCHAR)DDEM;    /* Restore replaced DDEM character */
        if (i == 9) {                       /* Insert a . if extension is exist */
            if (!lfv) fno->fname[j] = '.';
            fno->altname[j++] = '.';
        }
#if _LFN_UNICODE
        if (IsDBCS1(c) && i != 8 && i != 11 && IsDBCS2(dp->dir[i])) {
            c = c << 8 | dp->dir[i++];
        }
        c = ff_convert(c, 1);   /* OEM -> Unicode */
        if (!c) c = '?';
#endif
        fno->altname[j] = c;
        if (!lfv) {
            if (IsUpper(c) && (dp->dir[DIR_NTres] & (i >= 9 ? NS_EXT : NS_BODY))) {
                c += 0x20;          /* To lower */
            }
            fno->fname[j] = c;
        }
        j++;
    }
    if (!lfv) {
        fno->fname[j] = 0;
        if (!dp->dir[DIR_NTres]) j = 0; /* Altname is no longer needed if neither LFN nor case info is exist. */
    }
    fno->altname[j] = 0;    /* Terminate the SFN */

#else   /* Non-LFN configuration */
    i = j = 0;
    while (i < 11) {        /* Copy name body and extension */
        c = (TCHAR)dp->dir[i++];
        if (c == ' ') continue;             /* Skip padding spaces */
        if (c == RDDEM) c = (TCHAR)DDEM;    /* Restore replaced DDEM character */
        if (i == 9) fno->fname[j++] = '.';  /* Insert a . if extension is exist */
        fno->fname[j++] = c;
    }
    fno->fname[j] = 0;
#endif

    fno->fattrib = dp->dir[DIR_Attr];               /* Attribute */
    fno->fsize = ld_dword(dp->dir + DIR_FileSize);  /* Size */
    tm = ld_dword(dp->dir + DIR_ModTime);           /* Timestamp */
    fno->ftime = (WORD)tm; fno->fdate = (WORD)(tm >> 16);
}

#endif /* _FS_MINIMIZE <= 1 || _FS_RPATH >= 2 */



#if _USE_FIND && _FS_MINIMIZE <= 1
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Pattern matching                                                      */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

MEMSPACE
static
WCHAR get_achar (       /* Get a character and advances ptr 1 or 2 */
    const TCHAR** ptr   /* Pointer to pointer to the SBCS/DBCS/Unicode string */
)
{
#if !_LFN_UNICODE
    WCHAR chr;

    chr = (BYTE)*(*ptr)++;                  /* Get a byte */
    if (IsLower(chr)) chr -= 0x20;          /* To upper ASCII char */
#ifdef _EXCVT
    if (chr >= 0x80) chr = ExCvt[chr - 0x80];   /* To upper SBCS extended char */
#else
    if (IsDBCS1(chr) && IsDBCS2(**ptr)) {       /* Get DBC 2nd byte if needed */
        chr = chr << 8 | (BYTE)*(*ptr)++;
    }
#endif
    return chr;
#else
    return ff_wtoupper(*(*ptr)++);          /* Get a word and to upper */
#endif
}


MEMSPACE
static
int pattern_matching (  /* 0:not matched, 1:matched */
    const TCHAR* pat,   /* Matching pattern */
    const TCHAR* nam,   /* String to be tested */
    int skip,           /* Number of pre-skip chars (number of ?s) */
    int inf             /* Infinite search (* specified) */
)
{
    const TCHAR *pp, *np;
    WCHAR pc, nc;
    int nm, nx;


    while (skip--) {                /* Pre-skip name chars */
        if (!get_achar(&nam)) return 0; /* Branch mismatched if less name chars */
    }
    if (!*pat && inf) return 1;     /* (short circuit) */

    do {
        pp = pat; np = nam;         /* Top of pattern and name to match */
        for (;;) {
            if (*pp == '?' || *pp == '*') { /* Wildcard? */
                nm = nx = 0;
                do {                /* Analyze the wildcard chars */
                    if (*pp++ == '?') nm++; else nx = 1;
                } while (*pp == '?' || *pp == '*');
                if (pattern_matching(pp, np, nm, nx)) return 1; /* Test new branch (recurs upto number of wildcard blocks in the pattern) */
                nc = *np; break;    /* Branch mismatched */
            }
            pc = get_achar(&pp);    /* Get a pattern char */
            nc = get_achar(&np);    /* Get a name char */
            if (pc != nc) break;    /* Branch mismatched? */
            if (pc == 0) return 1;  /* Branch matched? (matched at end of both strings) */
        }
        get_achar(&nam);            /* nam++ */
    } while (inf && nc);            /* Retry until end of name if infinite search is specified */

    return 0;
}

#endif /* _USE_FIND && _FS_MINIMIZE <= 1 */



/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Pick a top segment and create the object name in directory form       */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

MEMSPACE
static
FRESULT create_name (   /* FR_OK: successful, FR_INVALID_NAME: could not create */
    DIR* dp,            /* Pointer to the directory object */
    const TCHAR** path  /* Pointer to pointer to the segment in the path string */
)
{
#if _USE_LFN != 0   /* LFN configuration */
    BYTE b, cf;
    WCHAR w, *lfn;
    UINT i, ni, si, di;
    const TCHAR *p;

    /* Create LFN in Unicode */
    p = *path; lfn = dp->obj.fs->lfnbuf; si = di = 0;
    for (;;) {
        w = p[si++];                    /* Get a character */
        if (w < ' ') break;             /* Break if end of the path name */
        if (w == '/' || w == '\\') {    /* Break if a separator is found */
            while (p[si] == '/' || p[si] == '\\') si++; /* Skip duplicated separator if exist */
            break;
        }
        if (di >= _MAX_LFN) return FR_INVALID_NAME; /* Reject too long name */
#if !_LFN_UNICODE
        w &= 0xFF;
        if (IsDBCS1(w)) {               /* Check if it is a DBC 1st byte (always false on SBCS cfg) */
            b = (BYTE)p[si++];          /* Get 2nd byte */
            w = (w << 8) + b;           /* Create a DBC */
            if (!IsDBCS2(b)) return FR_INVALID_NAME;    /* Reject invalid sequence */
        }
        w = ff_convert(w, 1);           /* Convert ANSI/OEM to Unicode */
        if (!w) return FR_INVALID_NAME; /* Reject invalid code */
#endif
        if (w < 0x80 && chk_chr("\"*:<>\?|\x7F", w)) return FR_INVALID_NAME;    /* Reject illegal characters for LFN */
        lfn[di++] = w;                  /* Store the Unicode character */
    }
    *path = &p[si];                     /* Return pointer to the next segment */
    cf = (w < ' ') ? NS_LAST : 0;       /* Set last segment flag if end of the path */
#if _FS_RPATH != 0
    if ((di == 1 && lfn[di - 1] == '.') ||
        (di == 2 && lfn[di - 1] == '.' && lfn[di - 2] == '.')) {    /* Is this segment a dot name? */
        lfn[di] = 0;
        for (i = 0; i < 11; i++)        /* Create dot name for SFN entry */
            dp->fn[i] = (i < di) ? '.' : ' ';
        dp->fn[i] = cf | NS_DOT;        /* This is a dot entry */
        return FR_OK;
    }
#endif
    while (di) {                        /* Snip off trailing spaces and dots if exist */
        w = lfn[di - 1];
        if (w != ' ' && w != '.') break;
        di--;
    }
    lfn[di] = 0;                        /* LFN is created */
    if (di == 0) return FR_INVALID_NAME;    /* Reject nul name */

    /* Create SFN in directory form */
    mem_set(dp->fn, ' ', 11);
    for (si = 0; lfn[si] == ' ' || lfn[si] == '.'; si++) ;  /* Strip leading spaces and dots */
    if (si) cf |= NS_LOSS | NS_LFN;
    while (di && lfn[di - 1] != '.') di--;  /* Find extension (di<=si: no extension) */

    i = b = 0; ni = 8;
    for (;;) {
        w = lfn[si++];                  /* Get an LFN character */
        if (!w) break;                  /* Break on end of the LFN */
        if (w == ' ' || (w == '.' && si != di)) {   /* Remove spaces and dots */
            cf |= NS_LOSS | NS_LFN; continue;
        }

        if (i >= ni || si == di) {      /* Extension or end of SFN */
            if (ni == 11) {             /* Long extension */
                cf |= NS_LOSS | NS_LFN; break;
            }
            if (si != di) cf |= NS_LOSS | NS_LFN;   /* Out of 8.3 format */
            if (si > di) break;         /* No extension */
            si = di; i = 8; ni = 11;    /* Enter extension section */
            b <<= 2; continue;
        }

        if (w >= 0x80) {                /* Non ASCII character */
#ifdef _EXCVT
            w = ff_convert(w, 0);       /* Unicode -> OEM code */
            if (w) w = ExCvt[w - 0x80]; /* Convert extended character to upper (SBCS) */
#else
            w = ff_convert(ff_wtoupper(w), 0);  /* Upper converted Unicode -> OEM code */
#endif
            cf |= NS_LFN;               /* Force create LFN entry */
        }

        if (_DF1S && w >= 0x100) {      /* Is this DBC? (always false at SBCS cfg) */
            if (i >= ni - 1) {
                cf |= NS_LOSS | NS_LFN; i = ni; continue;
            }
            dp->fn[i++] = (BYTE)(w >> 8);
        } else {                        /* SBC */
            if (!w || chk_chr("+,;=[]", w)) {   /* Replace illegal characters for SFN */
                w = '_'; cf |= NS_LOSS | NS_LFN;/* Lossy conversion */
            } else {
                if (IsUpper(w)) {       /* ASCII large capital */
                    b |= 2;
                } else {
                    if (IsLower(w)) {   /* ASCII small capital */
                        b |= 1; w -= 0x20;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        dp->fn[i++] = (BYTE)w;
    }

    if (dp->fn[0] == DDEM) dp->fn[0] = RDDEM;   /* If the first character collides with DDEM, replace it with RDDEM */

    if (ni == 8) b <<= 2;
    if ((b & 0x0C) == 0x0C || (b & 0x03) == 0x03) cf |= NS_LFN; /* Create LFN entry when there are composite capitals */
    if (!(cf & NS_LFN)) {                       /* When LFN is in 8.3 format without extended character, NT flags are created */
        if ((b & 0x03) == 0x01) cf |= NS_EXT;   /* NT flag (Extension has only small capital) */
        if ((b & 0x0C) == 0x04) cf |= NS_BODY;  /* NT flag (Filename has only small capital) */
    }

    dp->fn[NSFLAG] = cf;    /* SFN is created */

    return FR_OK;


#else   /* _USE_LFN != 0 : Non-LFN configuration */
    BYTE c, d, *sfn;
    UINT ni, si, i;
    const char *p;

    /* Create file name in directory form */
    p = *path; sfn = dp->fn;
    mem_set(sfn, ' ', 11);
    si = i = 0; ni = 8;
#if _FS_RPATH != 0
    if (p[si] == '.') { /* Is this a dot entry? */
        for (;;) {
            c = (BYTE)p[si++];
            if (c != '.' || si >= 3) break;
            sfn[i++] = c;
        }
        if (c != '/' && c != '\\' && c > ' ') return FR_INVALID_NAME;
        *path = p + si;                             /* Return pointer to the next segment */
        sfn[NSFLAG] = (c <= ' ') ? NS_LAST | NS_DOT : NS_DOT;   /* Set last segment flag if end of the path */
        return FR_OK;
    }
#endif
    for (;;) {
        c = (BYTE)p[si++];
        if (c <= ' ') break;            /* Break if end of the path name */
        if (c == '/' || c == '\\') {    /* Break if a separator is found */
            while (p[si] == '/' || p[si] == '\\') si++; /* Skip duplicated separator if exist */
            break;
        }
        if (c == '.' || i >= ni) {      /* End of body or over size? */
            if (ni == 11 || c != '.') return FR_INVALID_NAME;   /* Over size or invalid dot */
            i = 8; ni = 11;             /* Goto extension */
            continue;
        }
        if (c >= 0x80) {                /* Extended character? */
#ifdef _EXCVT
            c = ExCvt[c - 0x80];        /* To upper extended characters (SBCS cfg) */
#else
#if !_DF1S
            return FR_INVALID_NAME;     /* Reject extended characters (ASCII only cfg) */
#endif
#endif
        }
        if (IsDBCS1(c)) {               /* Check if it is a DBC 1st byte (always false at SBCS cfg.) */
            d = (BYTE)p[si++];          /* Get 2nd byte */
            if (!IsDBCS2(d) || i >= ni - 1) return FR_INVALID_NAME; /* Reject invalid DBC */
            sfn[i++] = c;
            sfn[i++] = d;
        } else {                        /* SBC */
            if (chk_chr("\"*+,:;<=>\?[]|\x7F", c)) return FR_INVALID_NAME;  /* Reject illegal chrs for SFN */
            if (IsLower(c)) c -= 0x20;  /* To upper */
            sfn[i++] = c;
        }
    }
    *path = p + si;                     /* Return pointer to the next segment */
    if (i == 0) return FR_INVALID_NAME; /* Reject nul string */

    if (sfn[0] == DDEM) sfn[0] = RDDEM; /* If the first character collides with DDEM, replace it with RDDEM */
    sfn[NSFLAG] = (c <= ' ') ? NS_LAST : 0;     /* Set last segment flag if end of the path */

    return FR_OK;
#endif /* _USE_LFN != 0 */
}




/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Follow a file path                                                    */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

MEMSPACE
static
FRESULT follow_path (   /* FR_OK(0): successful, !=0: error code */
    DIR* dp,            /* Directory object to return last directory and found object */
    const TCHAR* path   /* Full-path string to find a file or directory */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    BYTE ns;
    _FDID *obj = &dp->obj;
    FATFS *fs = obj->fs;


#if _FS_RPATH != 0
    if (*path != '/' && *path != '\\') {    /* Without heading separator */
        obj->sclust = fs->cdir;             /* Start from the current directory */
    } else
#endif
    {                                       /* With heading separator */
        while (*path == '/' || *path == '\\') path++;   /* Strip heading separator */
        obj->sclust = 0;                    /* Start from the root directory */
    }
#if _FS_EXFAT && _FS_RPATH != 0
    if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT && obj->sclust) {   /* Retrieve the sub-directory status if needed */
        DIR dj;

        obj->c_scl = fs->cdc_scl;
        obj->c_size = fs->cdc_size;
        obj->c_ofs = fs->cdc_ofs;
        res = load_obj_dir(&dj, obj);
        if (res != FR_OK) return res;
        obj->objsize = ld_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FileSize);
        obj->stat = fs->dirbuf[XDIR_GenFlags] & 2;
    }
#endif

    if ((UINT)*path < ' ') {                /* Null path name is the origin directory itself */
        dp->fn[NSFLAG] = NS_NONAME;
        res = dir_sdi(dp, 0);

    } else {                                /* Follow path */
        for (;;) {
            res = create_name(dp, &path);   /* Get a segment name of the path */
            if (res != FR_OK) break;
            res = dir_find(dp);             /* Find an object with the segment name */
            ns = dp->fn[NSFLAG];
            if (res != FR_OK) {             /* Failed to find the object */
                if (res == FR_NO_FILE) {    /* Object is not found */
                    if (_FS_RPATH && (ns & NS_DOT)) {   /* If dot entry is not exist, stay there */
                        if (!(ns & NS_LAST)) continue;  /* Continue to follow if not last segment */
                        dp->fn[NSFLAG] = NS_NONAME;
                        res = FR_OK;
                    } else {                            /* Could not find the object */
                        if (!(ns & NS_LAST)) res = FR_NO_PATH;  /* Adjust error code if not last segment */
                    }
                }
                break;
            }
            if (ns & NS_LAST) break;            /* Last segment matched. Function completed. */
            /* Get into the sub-directory */
            if (!(obj->attr & AM_DIR)) {        /* It is not a sub-directory and cannot follow */
                res = FR_NO_PATH; break;
            }
#if _FS_EXFAT
            if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                obj->c_scl = obj->sclust;       /* Save containing directory information for next dir */
                obj->c_size = ((DWORD)obj->objsize & 0xFFFFFF00) | obj->stat;
                obj->c_ofs = dp->blk_ofs;
                obj->sclust = ld_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FstClus);  /* Open next directory */
                obj->stat = fs->dirbuf[XDIR_GenFlags] & 2;
                obj->objsize = ld_qword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FileSize);
            } else
#endif
            {
                obj->sclust = ld_clust(fs, fs->win + dp->dptr % SS(fs));    /* Open next directory */
            }
        }
    }

    return res;
}




/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Get logical drive number from path name                               */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

MEMSPACE
static
int get_ldnumber (      /* Returns logical drive number (-1:invalid drive) */
    const TCHAR** path  /* Pointer to pointer to the path name */
)
{
    const TCHAR *tp, *tt;
    UINT i;
    int vol = -1;
#if _STR_VOLUME_ID      /* Find string drive id */
    static const char* const str[] = {_VOLUME_STRS};
    const char *sp;
    char c;
    TCHAR tc;
#endif


    if (*path) {    /* If the pointer is not a null */
        for (tt = *path; (UINT)*tt >= (_USE_LFN ? ' ' : '!') && *tt != ':'; tt++) ; /* Find ':' in the path */
        if (*tt == ':') {   /* If a ':' is exist in the path name */
            tp = *path;
            i = *tp++ - '0'; 
            if (i < 10 && tp == tt) {   /* Is there a numeric drive id? */
                if (i < _VOLUMES) { /* If a drive id is found, get the value and strip it */
                    vol = (int)i;
                    *path = ++tt;
                }
            }
#if _STR_VOLUME_ID
             else { /* No numeric drive number, find string drive id */
                i = 0; tt++;
                do {
                    sp = str[i]; tp = *path;
                    do {    /* Compare a string drive id with path name */
                        c = *sp++; tc = *tp++;
                        if (IsLower(tc)) tc -= 0x20;
                    } while (c && (TCHAR)c == tc);
                } while ((c || tp != tt) && ++i < _VOLUMES);    /* Repeat for each id until pattern match */
                if (i < _VOLUMES) { /* If a drive id is found, get the value and strip it */
                    vol = (int)i;
                    *path = tt;
                }
            }
#endif
            return vol;
        }
#if _FS_RPATH != 0 && _VOLUMES >= 2
        vol = CurrVol;  /* Current drive */
#else
        vol = 0;        /* Drive 0 */
#endif
    }
    return vol;
}




/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Load a sector and check if it is an FAT boot sector                   */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

MEMSPACE
static
BYTE check_fs ( /* 0:FAT, 1:exFAT, 2:Valid BS but not FAT, 3:Not a BS, 4:Disk error */
    FATFS* fs,  /* File system object */
    DWORD sect  /* Sector# (lba) to check if it is an FAT-VBR or not */
)
{
    fs->wflag = 0; fs->winsect = 0xFFFFFFFF;        /* Invaidate window */
    if (move_window(fs, sect) != FR_OK) return 4;   /* Load boot record */

    if (ld_word(fs->win + BS_55AA) != 0xAA55) return 3; /* Check boot record signature (always placed at offset 510 even if the sector size is >512) */

    if (fs->win[BS_JmpBoot] == 0xE9 || (fs->win[BS_JmpBoot] == 0xEB && fs->win[BS_JmpBoot + 2] == 0x90)) {
        if ((ld_dword(fs->win + BS_FilSysType) & 0xFFFFFF) == 0x544146) return 0;   /* Check "FAT" string */
        if (ld_dword(fs->win + BS_FilSysType32) == 0x33544146) return 0;            /* Check "FAT3" string */
    }
#if _FS_EXFAT
    if (!mem_cmp(fs->win + BS_JmpBoot, "\xEB\x76\x90" "EXFAT   ", 11)) return 1;
#endif
    return 2;
}




/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Find logical drive and check if the volume is mounted                 */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

MEMSPACE
static
FRESULT find_volume (   /* FR_OK(0): successful, !=0: any error occurred */
    const TCHAR** path, /* Pointer to pointer to the path name (drive number) */
    FATFS** rfs,        /* Pointer to pointer to the found file system object */
    BYTE mode           /* !=0: Check write protection for write access */
)
{
    BYTE fmt, *pt;
    int vol;
    DSTATUS stat;
    DWORD bsect, fasize, tsect, sysect, nclst, szbfat, br[4];
    WORD nrsv;
    FATFS *fs;
    UINT i;


    /* Get logical drive number */
    *rfs = 0;
    vol = get_ldnumber(path);
    if (vol < 0) return FR_INVALID_DRIVE;

    /* Check if the file system object is valid or not */
    fs = FatFs[vol];                    /* Get pointer to the file system object */
    if (!fs) return FR_NOT_ENABLED;     /* Is the file system object available? */

    ENTER_FF(fs);                       /* Lock the volume */
    *rfs = fs;                          /* Return pointer to the file system object */

    mode &= (BYTE)~FA_READ;             /* Desired access mode, write access or not */
    if (fs->fs_type) {                  /* If the volume has been mounted */
        stat = disk_status(fs->drv);
        if (!(stat & STA_NOINIT)) {     /* and the physical drive is kept initialized */
            if (!_FS_READONLY && mode && (stat & STA_PROTECT)) {    /* Check write protection if needed */
                return FR_WRITE_PROTECTED;
            }
            return FR_OK;               /* The file system object is valid */
        }
    }

    /* The file system object is not valid. */
    /* Following code attempts to mount the volume. (analyze BPB and initialize the fs object) */

    fs->fs_type = 0;                    /* Clear the file system object */
    fs->drv = LD2PD(vol);               /* Bind the logical drive and a physical drive */
    stat = disk_initialize(fs->drv);    /* Initialize the physical drive */
    if (stat & STA_NOINIT) {            /* Check if the initialization succeeded */
        return FR_NOT_READY;            /* Failed to initialize due to no medium or hard error */
    }
    if (!_FS_READONLY && mode && (stat & STA_PROTECT)) { /* Check disk write protection if needed */
        return FR_WRITE_PROTECTED;
    }
#if _MAX_SS != _MIN_SS                      /* Get sector size (multiple sector size cfg only) */
    if (disk_ioctl(fs->drv, GET_SECTOR_SIZE, &SS(fs)) != RES_OK) return FR_DISK_ERR;
    if (SS(fs) > _MAX_SS || SS(fs) < _MIN_SS || (SS(fs) & (SS(fs) - 1))) return FR_DISK_ERR;
#endif
    /* Find an FAT partition on the drive. Supports only generic partitioning, FDISK and SFD. */
    bsect = 0;
    fmt = check_fs(fs, bsect);          /* Load sector 0 and check if it is an FAT-VBR as SFD */
    if (fmt == 2 || (fmt < 2 && LD2PT(vol) != 0)) { /* Not an FAT-VBR or forced partition number */
        for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {           /* Get partition offset */
            pt = fs->win + (MBR_Table + i * SZ_PTE);
            br[i] = pt[PTE_System] ? ld_dword(pt + PTE_StLba) : 0;
        }
        i = LD2PT(vol);                     /* Partition number: 0:auto, 1-4:forced */
        if (i) i--;
        do {                                /* Find an FAT volume */
            bsect = br[i];
            fmt = bsect ? check_fs(fs, bsect) : 3;  /* Check the partition */
        } while (!LD2PT(vol) && fmt >= 2 && ++i < 4);
    }
    if (fmt == 4) return FR_DISK_ERR;       /* An error occured in the disk I/O layer */
    if (fmt >= 2) return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;  /* No FAT volume is found */

    /* An FAT volume is found. Following code initializes the file system object */

#if _FS_EXFAT
    if (fmt == 1) {
        QWORD maxlba;

        for (i = BPB_ZeroedEx; i < BPB_ZeroedEx + 53 && fs->win[i] == 0; i++) ; /* Check zero filler */
        if (i < BPB_ZeroedEx + 53) return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;

        if (ld_word(fs->win + BPB_FSVerEx) != 0x100) return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;   /* Check exFAT revision (Must be 1.0) */

        if (1 << fs->win[BPB_BytsPerSecEx] != SS(fs))   /* (BPB_BytsPerSecEx must be equal to the physical sector size) */
            return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;

        maxlba = ld_qword(fs->win + BPB_TotSecEx) + bsect;  /* Last LBA + 1 of the volume */
        if (maxlba >= 0x100000000) return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM; /* (It cannot be handled in 32-bit LBA) */

        fs->fsize = ld_dword(fs->win + BPB_FatSzEx);    /* Number of sectors per FAT */

        fs->n_fats = fs->win[BPB_NumFATsEx];            /* Number of FATs */
        if (fs->n_fats != 1) return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;   /* (Supports only 1 FAT) */

        fs->csize = 1 << fs->win[BPB_SecPerClusEx];     /* Cluster size */
        if (fs->csize == 0) return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;    /* (Must be 1..32768) */

        nclst = ld_dword(fs->win + BPB_NumClusEx);      /* Number of clusters */
        if (nclst > MAX_EXFAT) return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM; /* (Too many clusters) */
        fs->n_fatent = nclst + 2;

        /* Boundaries and Limits */
        fs->volbase = bsect;
        fs->database = bsect + ld_dword(fs->win + BPB_DataOfsEx);
        fs->fatbase = bsect + ld_dword(fs->win + BPB_FatOfsEx);
        if (maxlba < (QWORD)fs->database + nclst * fs->csize) return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;  /* (Volume size must not be smaller than the size requiered) */
        fs->dirbase = ld_dword(fs->win + BPB_RootClusEx);

        /* Check if bitmap location is in assumption (at the first cluster) */
        if (move_window(fs, clust2sect(fs, fs->dirbase)) != FR_OK) return FR_DISK_ERR;
        for (i = 0; i < SS(fs); i += SZDIRE) {
            if (fs->win[i] == 0x81 && ld_dword(fs->win + i + 20) == 2) break;   /* 81 entry with cluster #2? */
        }
        if (i == SS(fs)) return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;
#if !_FS_READONLY
        fs->last_clst = fs->free_clst = 0xFFFFFFFF;     /* Initialize cluster allocation information */
#endif
        fmt = FS_EXFAT;         /* FAT sub-type */
    } else
#endif  /* _FS_EXFAT */
    {
        if (ld_word(fs->win + BPB_BytsPerSec) != SS(fs)) return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;   /* (BPB_BytsPerSec must be equal to the physical sector size) */

        fasize = ld_word(fs->win + BPB_FATSz16);            /* Number of sectors per FAT */
        if (fasize == 0) fasize = ld_dword(fs->win + BPB_FATSz32);
        fs->fsize = fasize;

        fs->n_fats = fs->win[BPB_NumFATs];                  /* Number of FATs */
        if (fs->n_fats != 1 && fs->n_fats != 2) return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;    /* (Must be 1 or 2) */
        fasize *= fs->n_fats;                               /* Number of sectors for FAT area */

        fs->csize = fs->win[BPB_SecPerClus];                /* Cluster size */
        if (fs->csize == 0 || (fs->csize & (fs->csize - 1))) return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;   /* (Must be power of 2) */

        fs->n_rootdir = ld_word(fs->win + BPB_RootEntCnt);  /* Number of root directory entries */
        if (fs->n_rootdir % (SS(fs) / SZDIRE)) return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM; /* (Must be sector aligned) */

        tsect = ld_word(fs->win + BPB_TotSec16);            /* Number of sectors on the volume */
        if (tsect == 0) tsect = ld_dword(fs->win + BPB_TotSec32);

        nrsv = ld_word(fs->win + BPB_RsvdSecCnt);           /* Number of reserved sectors */
        if (nrsv == 0) return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;             /* (Must not be 0) */

        /* Determine the FAT sub type */
        sysect = nrsv + fasize + fs->n_rootdir / (SS(fs) / SZDIRE); /* RSV + FAT + DIR */
        if (tsect < sysect) return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;        /* (Invalid volume size) */
        nclst = (tsect - sysect) / fs->csize;               /* Number of clusters */
        if (nclst == 0) return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;            /* (Invalid volume size) */
        fmt = FS_FAT32;
        if (nclst <= MAX_FAT16) fmt = FS_FAT16;
        if (nclst <= MAX_FAT12) fmt = FS_FAT12;

        /* Boundaries and Limits */
        fs->n_fatent = nclst + 2;                           /* Number of FAT entries */
        fs->volbase = bsect;                                /* Volume start sector */
        fs->fatbase = bsect + nrsv;                         /* FAT start sector */
        fs->database = bsect + sysect;                      /* Data start sector */
        if (fmt == FS_FAT32) {
            if (ld_word(fs->win + BPB_FSVer32) != 0) return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;   /* (Must be FAT32 revision 0.0) */
            if (fs->n_rootdir) return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;     /* (BPB_RootEntCnt must be 0) */
            fs->dirbase = ld_dword(fs->win + BPB_RootClus32);   /* Root directory start cluster */
            szbfat = fs->n_fatent * 4;                      /* (Needed FAT size) */
        } else {
            if (fs->n_rootdir == 0) return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;/* (BPB_RootEntCnt must not be 0) */
            fs->dirbase = fs->fatbase + fasize;             /* Root directory start sector */
            szbfat = (fmt == FS_FAT16) ?                    /* (Needed FAT size) */
                fs->n_fatent * 2 : fs->n_fatent * 3 / 2 + (fs->n_fatent & 1);
        }
        if (fs->fsize < (szbfat + (SS(fs) - 1)) / SS(fs)) return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;  /* (BPB_FATSz must not be less than the size needed) */

#if !_FS_READONLY
        /* Get FSINFO if available */
        fs->last_clst = fs->free_clst = 0xFFFFFFFF;     /* Initialize cluster allocation information */
        fs->fsi_flag = 0x80;
#if (_FS_NOFSINFO & 3) != 3
        if (fmt == FS_FAT32             /* Enable FSINFO only if FAT32 and BPB_FSInfo32 == 1 */
            && ld_word(fs->win + BPB_FSInfo32) == 1
            && move_window(fs, bsect + 1) == FR_OK)
        {
            fs->fsi_flag = 0;
            if (ld_word(fs->win + BS_55AA) == 0xAA55    /* Load FSINFO data if available */
                && ld_dword(fs->win + FSI_LeadSig) == 0x41615252
                && ld_dword(fs->win + FSI_StrucSig) == 0x61417272)
            {
#if (_FS_NOFSINFO & 1) == 0
                fs->free_clst = ld_dword(fs->win + FSI_Free_Count);
#endif
#if (_FS_NOFSINFO & 2) == 0
                fs->last_clst = ld_dword(fs->win + FSI_Nxt_Free);
#endif
            }
        }
#endif  /* (_FS_NOFSINFO & 3) != 3 */
#endif  /* !_FS_READONLY */
    }

    fs->fs_type = fmt;  /* FAT sub-type */
    fs->id = ++Fsid;    /* File system mount ID */
#if _USE_LFN == 1
    fs->lfnbuf = LfnBuf;    /* Static LFN working buffer */
#if _FS_EXFAT
    fs->dirbuf = DirBuf;    /* Static directory block working buuffer */
#endif
#endif
#if _FS_RPATH != 0
    fs->cdir = 0;       /* Initialize current directory */
#endif
#if _FS_LOCK != 0       /* Clear file lock semaphores */
    clear_lock(fs);
#endif
    return FR_OK;
}




/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Check if the file/directory object is valid or not                    */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

MEMSPACE
static
FRESULT validate (  /* Returns FR_OK or FR_INVALID_OBJECT */
    _FDID* obj,     /* Pointer to the _OBJ, the 1st member in the FIL/DIR object, to check validity */
    FATFS** fs      /* Pointer to pointer to the owner file system object to return */
)
{
    FRESULT res;


    if (!obj || !obj->fs || !obj->fs->fs_type || obj->fs->id != obj->id || (disk_status(obj->fs->drv) & STA_NOINIT)) {
        *fs = 0;                /* The object is invalid */
        res = FR_INVALID_OBJECT;
    } else {
        *fs = obj->fs;          /* Owner file sytem object */
        ENTER_FF(obj->fs);      /* Lock file system */
        res = FR_OK;
    }
    return res;
}




/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------

   Public Functions (FatFs API)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/



/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Mount/Unmount a Logical Drive                                         */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

MEMSPACE
FRESULT f_mount (
    FATFS* fs,          /* Pointer to the file system object (NULL:unmount)*/
    const TCHAR* path,  /* Logical drive number to be mounted/unmounted */
    BYTE opt            /* Mode option 0:Do not mount (delayed mount), 1:Mount immediately */
)
{
    FATFS *cfs;
    int vol;
    FRESULT res;
    const TCHAR *rp = path;


    /* Get logical drive number */
    vol = get_ldnumber(&rp);
    if (vol < 0) return FR_INVALID_DRIVE;
    cfs = FatFs[vol];                   /* Pointer to fs object */

    if (cfs) {
#if _FS_LOCK != 0
        clear_lock(cfs);
#endif
#if _FS_REENTRANT                       /* Discard sync object of the current volume */
        if (!ff_del_syncobj(cfs->sobj)) return FR_INT_ERR;
#endif
        cfs->fs_type = 0;               /* Clear old fs object */
    }

    if (fs) {
        fs->fs_type = 0;                /* Clear new fs object */
#if _FS_REENTRANT                       /* Create sync object for the new volume */
        if (!ff_cre_syncobj((BYTE)vol, &fs->sobj)) return FR_INT_ERR;
#endif
    }
    FatFs[vol] = fs;                    /* Register new fs object */

    if (!fs || opt != 1) return FR_OK;  /* Do not mount now, it will be mounted later */

    res = find_volume(&path, &fs, 0);   /* Force mounted the volume */
    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}




/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Open or Create a File                                                 */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

MEMSPACE
FRESULT f_open (
    FIL* fp,            /* Pointer to the blank file object */
    const TCHAR* path,  /* Pointer to the file name */
    BYTE mode           /* Access mode and file open mode flags */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    DIR dj;
    FATFS *fs;
#if !_FS_READONLY
    DWORD dw, cl, bcs, clst, sc;
    FSIZE_t ofs;
#endif
    DEF_NAMBUF


    if (!fp) return FR_INVALID_OBJECT;

    /* Get logical drive */
    mode &= _FS_READONLY ? FA_READ : FA_READ | FA_WRITE | FA_CREATE_ALWAYS | FA_CREATE_NEW | FA_OPEN_ALWAYS | FA_OPEN_APPEND | FA_SEEKEND;
    res = find_volume(&path, &fs, mode);
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        dj.obj.fs = fs;
        INIT_NAMBUF(fs);
        res = follow_path(&dj, path);   /* Follow the file path */
#if !_FS_READONLY   /* R/W configuration */
        if (res == FR_OK) {
            if (dj.fn[NSFLAG] & NS_NONAME) {    /* Origin directory itself? */
                res = FR_INVALID_NAME;
            }
#if _FS_LOCK != 0
            else {
                res = chk_lock(&dj, (mode & ~FA_READ) ? 1 : 0);
            }
#endif
        }
        /* Create or Open a file */
        if (mode & (FA_CREATE_ALWAYS | FA_OPEN_ALWAYS | FA_CREATE_NEW)) {
            if (res != FR_OK) {                 /* No file, create new */
                if (res == FR_NO_FILE)          /* There is no file to open, create a new entry */
#if _FS_LOCK != 0
                    res = enq_lock() ? dir_register(&dj) : FR_TOO_MANY_OPEN_FILES;
#else
                    res = dir_register(&dj);
#endif
                mode |= FA_CREATE_ALWAYS;       /* File is created */
            }
            else {                              /* Any object is already existing */
                if (dj.obj.attr & (AM_RDO | AM_DIR)) {  /* Cannot overwrite it (R/O or DIR) */
                    res = FR_DENIED;
                } else {
                    if (mode & FA_CREATE_NEW) res = FR_EXIST;   /* Cannot create as new file */
                }
            }
            if (res == FR_OK && (mode & FA_CREATE_ALWAYS)) {    /* Truncate it if overwrite mode */
                dw = GET_FATTIME();
#if _FS_EXFAT
                if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                    /* Get current allocation info */
                    fp->obj.fs = fs;
                    fp->obj.sclust = ld_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FstClus);
                    fp->obj.objsize = ld_qword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FileSize);
                    fp->obj.stat = fs->dirbuf[XDIR_GenFlags] & 2;
                    /* Initialize directory entry block */
                    st_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_CrtTime, dw);    /* Set created time */
                    fs->dirbuf[XDIR_CrtTime10] = 0;
                    st_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_ModTime, dw);    /* Set modified time */
                    fs->dirbuf[XDIR_ModTime10] = 0;
                    fs->dirbuf[XDIR_Attr] = AM_ARC;             /* Reset attribute */
                    st_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FstClus, 0);     /* Reset file allocation info */
                    st_qword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FileSize, 0);
                    st_qword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_ValidFileSize, 0);
                    fs->dirbuf[XDIR_GenFlags] = 1;
                    res = store_xdir(&dj);
                    if (res == FR_OK && fp->obj.sclust) {       /* Remove the cluster chain if exist */
                        res = remove_chain(&fp->obj, fp->obj.sclust, 0);
                        fs->last_clst = fp->obj.sclust - 1;     /* Reuse the cluster hole */
                    }
                } else
#endif
                {
                    /* Clean directory info */
                    st_dword(dj.dir + DIR_CrtTime, dw); /* Set created time */
                    st_dword(dj.dir + DIR_ModTime, dw); /* Set modified time */
                    dj.dir[DIR_Attr] = AM_ARC;          /* Reset attribute */
                    cl = ld_clust(fs, dj.dir);          /* Get cluster chain */
                    st_clust(fs, dj.dir, 0);            /* Reset file allocation info */
                    st_dword(dj.dir + DIR_FileSize, 0);
                    fs->wflag = 1;

                    if (cl) {                           /* Remove the cluster chain if exist */
                        dw = fs->winsect;
                        res = remove_chain(&dj.obj, cl, 0);
                        if (res == FR_OK) {
                            res = move_window(fs, dw);
                            fs->last_clst = cl - 1;     /* Reuse the cluster hole */
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        else {  /* Open an existing file */
            if (res == FR_OK) {                 /* Following succeeded */
                if (dj.obj.attr & AM_DIR) {     /* It is a directory */
                    res = FR_NO_FILE;
                } else {
                    if ((mode & FA_WRITE) && (dj.obj.attr & AM_RDO)) { /* R/O violation */
                        res = FR_DENIED;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        if (res == FR_OK) {
            if (mode & FA_CREATE_ALWAYS)        /* Set file change flag if created or overwritten */
                mode |= FA_MODIFIED;
            fp->dir_sect = fs->winsect;         /* Pointer to the directory entry */
            fp->dir_ptr = dj.dir;
#if _FS_LOCK != 0
            fp->obj.lockid = inc_lock(&dj, (mode & ~FA_READ) ? 1 : 0);
            if (!fp->obj.lockid) res = FR_INT_ERR;
#endif
        }
#else       /* R/O configuration */
        if (res == FR_OK) {
            if (dj.fn[NSFLAG] & NS_NONAME) {    /* Origin directory itself? */
                res = FR_INVALID_NAME;
            } else {
                if (dj.obj.attr & AM_DIR) {     /* It is a directory */
                    res = FR_NO_FILE;
                }
            }
        }
#endif

        if (res == FR_OK) {
#if _FS_EXFAT
            if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                fp->obj.sclust = ld_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FstClus);       /* Get allocation info */
                fp->obj.objsize = ld_qword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FileSize);
                fp->obj.stat = fs->dirbuf[XDIR_GenFlags] & 2;
                fp->obj.c_scl = dj.obj.sclust;
                fp->obj.c_size = ((DWORD)dj.obj.objsize & 0xFFFFFF00) | dj.obj.stat;
                fp->obj.c_ofs = dj.blk_ofs;
            } else
#endif
            {
                fp->obj.sclust = ld_clust(fs, dj.dir);              /* Get allocation info */
                fp->obj.objsize = ld_dword(dj.dir + DIR_FileSize);
            }
#if _USE_FASTSEEK
            fp->cltbl = 0;          /* Disable fast seek mode */
#endif
            fp->obj.fs = fs;        /* Validate the file object */
            fp->obj.id = fs->id;
            fp->flag = mode;        /* Set file access mode */
            fp->err = 0;            /* Clear error flag */
            fp->sect = 0;           /* Invalidate current data sector */
            fp->fptr = 0;           /* Set file pointer top of the file */
#if !_FS_READONLY
#if !_FS_TINY
            mem_set(fp->buf, 0, _MAX_SS);   /* Clear sector buffer */
#endif
            if ((mode & FA_SEEKEND) && fp->obj.objsize > 0) {   /* Seek to end of file if FA_OPEN_APPEND is specified */
                fp->fptr = fp->obj.objsize;         /* Offset to seek */
                bcs = (DWORD)fs->csize * SS(fs);    /* Cluster size in byte */
                clst = fp->obj.sclust;              /* Follow the cluster chain */
                for (ofs = fp->obj.objsize; res == FR_OK && ofs > bcs; ofs -= bcs) {
                    clst = get_fat(&fp->obj, clst);
                    if (clst <= 1) res = FR_INT_ERR;
                    if (clst == 0xFFFFFFFF) res = FR_DISK_ERR;
                }
                fp->clust = clst;
                if (res == FR_OK && ofs % SS(fs)) { /* Fill sector buffer if not on the sector boundary */
                    if ((sc = clust2sect(fs, clst)) == 0) {
                        res = FR_INT_ERR;
                    } else {
                        fp->sect = sc + (DWORD)(ofs / SS(fs));
#if !_FS_TINY
                        if (disk_read(fs->drv, fp->buf, fp->sect, 1) != RES_OK) res = FR_DISK_ERR;
#endif
                    }
                }
            }
#endif
        }

        FREE_NAMBUF();
    }

    if (res != FR_OK) fp->obj.fs = 0;   /* Invalidate file object on error */

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}




/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Read File                                                             */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

MEMSPACE
FRESULT f_read (
    FIL* fp,    /* Pointer to the file object */
    void* buff, /* Pointer to data buffer */
    UINT btr,   /* Number of bytes to read */
    UINT* br    /* Pointer to number of bytes read */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs;
    DWORD clst, sect;
    FSIZE_t remain;
    UINT rcnt, cc, csect;
    BYTE *rbuff = (BYTE*)buff;


    *br = 0;    /* Clear read byte counter */
    res = validate(&fp->obj, &fs);              /* Check validity of the file object */
    if (res != FR_OK || (res = (FRESULT)fp->err) != FR_OK) LEAVE_FF(fs, res);   /* Check validity */
    if (!(fp->flag & FA_READ)) LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_DENIED); /* Check access mode */
    remain = fp->obj.objsize - fp->fptr;
    if (btr > remain) btr = (UINT)remain;       /* Truncate btr by remaining bytes */

    for ( ;  btr;                               /* Repeat until all data read */
        rbuff += rcnt, fp->fptr += rcnt, *br += rcnt, btr -= rcnt) {
        if (fp->fptr % SS(fs) == 0) {           /* On the sector boundary? */
            csect = (UINT)(fp->fptr / SS(fs) & (fs->csize - 1));    /* Sector offset in the cluster */
            if (csect == 0) {                   /* On the cluster boundary? */
                if (fp->fptr == 0) {            /* On the top of the file? */
                    clst = fp->obj.sclust;      /* Follow cluster chain from the origin */
                } else {                        /* Middle or end of the file */
#if _USE_FASTSEEK
                    if (fp->cltbl) {
                        clst = clmt_clust(fp, fp->fptr);    /* Get cluster# from the CLMT */
                    } else
#endif
                    {
                        clst = get_fat(&fp->obj, fp->clust);    /* Follow cluster chain on the FAT */
                    }
                }
                if (clst < 2) ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
                if (clst == 0xFFFFFFFF) ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                fp->clust = clst;               /* Update current cluster */
            }
            sect = clust2sect(fs, fp->clust);   /* Get current sector */
            if (!sect) ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
            sect += csect;
            cc = btr / SS(fs);                  /* When remaining bytes >= sector size, */
            if (cc) {                           /* Read maximum contiguous sectors directly */
                if (csect + cc > fs->csize) {   /* Clip at cluster boundary */
                    cc = fs->csize - csect;
                }
                if (disk_read(fs->drv, rbuff, sect, cc) != RES_OK) ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
#if !_FS_READONLY && _FS_MINIMIZE <= 2          /* Replace one of the read sectors with cached data if it contains a dirty sector */
#if _FS_TINY
                if (fs->wflag && fs->winsect - sect < cc) {
                    mem_cpy(rbuff + ((fs->winsect - sect) * SS(fs)), fs->win, SS(fs));
                }
#else
                if ((fp->flag & FA_DIRTY) && fp->sect - sect < cc) {
                    mem_cpy(rbuff + ((fp->sect - sect) * SS(fs)), fp->buf, SS(fs));
                }
#endif
#endif
                rcnt = SS(fs) * cc;             /* Number of bytes transferred */
                continue;
            }
#if !_FS_TINY
            if (fp->sect != sect) {         /* Load data sector if not in cache */
#if !_FS_READONLY
                if (fp->flag & FA_DIRTY) {      /* Write-back dirty sector cache */
                    if (disk_write(fs->drv, fp->buf, fp->sect, 1) != RES_OK) ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                    fp->flag &= (BYTE)~FA_DIRTY;
                }
#endif
                if (disk_read(fs->drv, fp->buf, sect, 1) != RES_OK) ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR); /* Fill sector cache */
            }
#endif
            fp->sect = sect;
        }
        rcnt = SS(fs) - (UINT)fp->fptr % SS(fs);    /* Number of bytes left in the sector */
        if (rcnt > btr) rcnt = btr;                 /* Clip it by btr if needed */
#if _FS_TINY
        if (move_window(fs, fp->sect) != FR_OK) ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR); /* Move sector window */
        mem_cpy(rbuff, fs->win + fp->fptr % SS(fs), rcnt);  /* Extract partial sector */
#else
        mem_cpy(rbuff, fp->buf + fp->fptr % SS(fs), rcnt);  /* Extract partial sector */
#endif
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_OK);
}




#if !_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Write File                                                            */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

MEMSPACE
FRESULT f_write (
    FIL* fp,            /* Pointer to the file object */
    const void* buff,   /* Pointer to the data to be written */
    UINT btw,           /* Number of bytes to write */
    UINT* bw            /* Pointer to number of bytes written */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs;
    DWORD clst, sect;
    UINT wcnt, cc, csect;
    const BYTE *wbuff = (const BYTE*)buff;


    *bw = 0;    /* Clear write byte counter */
    res = validate(&fp->obj, &fs);          /* Check validity of the file object */
    if (res != FR_OK || (res = (FRESULT)fp->err) != FR_OK) LEAVE_FF(fs, res);   /* Check validity */
    if (!(fp->flag & FA_WRITE)) LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_DENIED);    /* Check access mode */

    /* Check fptr wrap-around (file size cannot reach 4GiB on FATxx) */
    if ((!_FS_EXFAT || fs->fs_type != FS_EXFAT) && (DWORD)(fp->fptr + btw) < (DWORD)fp->fptr) {
        btw = (UINT)(0xFFFFFFFF - (DWORD)fp->fptr);
    }

    for ( ;  btw;                           /* Repeat until all data written */
        wbuff += wcnt, fp->fptr += wcnt, fp->obj.objsize = (fp->fptr > fp->obj.objsize) ? fp->fptr : fp->obj.objsize, *bw += wcnt, btw -= wcnt) {
        if (fp->fptr % SS(fs) == 0) {       /* On the sector boundary? */
            csect = (UINT)(fp->fptr / SS(fs)) & (fs->csize - 1);    /* Sector offset in the cluster */
            if (csect == 0) {               /* On the cluster boundary? */
                if (fp->fptr == 0) {        /* On the top of the file? */
                    clst = fp->obj.sclust;  /* Follow from the origin */
                    if (clst == 0) {        /* If no cluster is allocated, */
                        clst = create_chain(&fp->obj, 0);   /* create a new cluster chain */
                    }
                } else {                    /* On the middle or end of the file */
#if _USE_FASTSEEK
                    if (fp->cltbl) {
                        clst = clmt_clust(fp, fp->fptr);    /* Get cluster# from the CLMT */
                    } else
#endif
                    {
                        clst = create_chain(&fp->obj, fp->clust);   /* Follow or stretch cluster chain on the FAT */
                    }
                }
                if (clst == 0) break;       /* Could not allocate a new cluster (disk full) */
                if (clst == 1) ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
                if (clst == 0xFFFFFFFF) ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                fp->clust = clst;           /* Update current cluster */
                if (fp->obj.sclust == 0) fp->obj.sclust = clst; /* Set start cluster if the first write */
            }
#if _FS_TINY
            if (fs->winsect == fp->sect && sync_window(fs) != FR_OK) ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);    /* Write-back sector cache */
#else
            if (fp->flag & FA_DIRTY) {      /* Write-back sector cache */
                if (disk_write(fs->drv, fp->buf, fp->sect, 1) != RES_OK) ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                fp->flag &= (BYTE)~FA_DIRTY;
            }
#endif
            sect = clust2sect(fs, fp->clust);   /* Get current sector */
            if (!sect) ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
            sect += csect;
            cc = btw / SS(fs);              /* When remaining bytes >= sector size, */
            if (cc) {                       /* Write maximum contiguous sectors directly */
                if (csect + cc > fs->csize) {   /* Clip at cluster boundary */
                    cc = fs->csize - csect;
                }
                if (disk_write(fs->drv, wbuff, sect, cc) != RES_OK) ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
#if _FS_MINIMIZE <= 2
#if _FS_TINY
                if (fs->winsect - sect < cc) {  /* Refill sector cache if it gets invalidated by the direct write */
                    mem_cpy(fs->win, wbuff + ((fs->winsect - sect) * SS(fs)), SS(fs));
                    fs->wflag = 0;
                }
#else
                if (fp->sect - sect < cc) { /* Refill sector cache if it gets invalidated by the direct write */
                    mem_cpy(fp->buf, wbuff + ((fp->sect - sect) * SS(fs)), SS(fs));
                    fp->flag &= (BYTE)~FA_DIRTY;
                }
#endif
#endif
                wcnt = SS(fs) * cc;     /* Number of bytes transferred */
                continue;
            }
#if _FS_TINY
            if (fp->fptr >= fp->obj.objsize) {  /* Avoid silly cache filling on the growing edge */
                if (sync_window(fs) != FR_OK) ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                fs->winsect = sect;
            }
#else
            if (fp->sect != sect &&         /* Fill sector cache with file data */
                fp->fptr < fp->obj.objsize &&
                disk_read(fs->drv, fp->buf, sect, 1) != RES_OK) {
                    ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
            }
#endif
            fp->sect = sect;
        }
        wcnt = SS(fs) - (UINT)fp->fptr % SS(fs);    /* Number of bytes left in the sector */
        if (wcnt > btw) wcnt = btw;                 /* Clip it by btw if needed */
#if _FS_TINY
        if (move_window(fs, fp->sect) != FR_OK) ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR); /* Move sector window */
        mem_cpy(fs->win + fp->fptr % SS(fs), wbuff, wcnt);  /* Fit data to the sector */
        fs->wflag = 1;
#else
        mem_cpy(fp->buf + fp->fptr % SS(fs), wbuff, wcnt);  /* Fit data to the sector */
        fp->flag |= FA_DIRTY;
#endif
    }

    fp->flag |= FA_MODIFIED;                /* Set file change flag */

    LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_OK);
}




/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Synchronize the File                                                  */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

MEMSPACE
FRESULT f_sync (
    FIL* fp     /* Pointer to the file object */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs;
    DWORD tm;
    BYTE *dir;
    DEF_NAMBUF


    res = validate(&fp->obj, &fs);  /* Check validity of the file object */
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        if (fp->flag & FA_MODIFIED) {   /* Is there any change to the file? */
#if !_FS_TINY
            if (fp->flag & FA_DIRTY) {  /* Write-back cached data if needed */
                if (disk_write(fs->drv, fp->buf, fp->sect, 1) != RES_OK) LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                fp->flag &= (BYTE)~FA_DIRTY;
            }
#endif
            /* Update the directory entry */
            tm = GET_FATTIME();             /* Modified time */
#if _FS_EXFAT
            if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                res = fill_fat_chain(&fp->obj); /* Create FAT chain if needed */
                if (res == FR_OK) {
                    DIR dj;

                    INIT_NAMBUF(fs);
                    res = load_obj_dir(&dj, &fp->obj);  /* Load directory entry block */
                    if (res == FR_OK) {
                        fs->dirbuf[XDIR_Attr] |= AM_ARC;                /* Set archive bit */
                        fs->dirbuf[XDIR_GenFlags] = fp->obj.stat | 1;   /* Update file allocation info */
                        st_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FstClus, fp->obj.sclust);
                        st_qword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FileSize, fp->obj.objsize);
                        st_qword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_ValidFileSize, fp->obj.objsize);
                        st_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_ModTime, tm);        /* Update modified time */
                        fs->dirbuf[XDIR_ModTime10] = 0;
                        st_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_AccTime, 0);
                        res = store_xdir(&dj);  /* Restore it to the directory */
                        if (res == FR_OK) {
                            res = sync_fs(fs);
                            fp->flag &= (BYTE)~FA_MODIFIED;
                        }
                    }
                    FREE_NAMBUF();
                }
            } else
#endif
            {
                res = move_window(fs, fp->dir_sect);
                if (res == FR_OK) {
                    dir = fp->dir_ptr;
                    dir[DIR_Attr] |= AM_ARC;                        /* Set archive bit */
                    st_clust(fp->obj.fs, dir, fp->obj.sclust);      /* Update file allocation info  */
                    st_dword(dir + DIR_FileSize, (DWORD)fp->obj.objsize);   /* Update file size */
                    st_dword(dir + DIR_ModTime, tm);                /* Update modified time */
                    st_word(dir + DIR_LstAccDate, 0);
                    fs->wflag = 1;
                    res = sync_fs(fs);                  /* Restore it to the directory */
                    fp->flag &= (BYTE)~FA_MODIFIED;
                }
            }
        }
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}

#endif /* !_FS_READONLY */




/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Close File                                                            */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

MEMSPACE
FRESULT f_close (
    FIL* fp     /* Pointer to the file object to be closed */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs;

#if !_FS_READONLY
    res = f_sync(fp);                   /* Flush cached data */
    if (res == FR_OK)
#endif
    {
        res = validate(&fp->obj, &fs);  /* Lock volume */
        if (res == FR_OK) {
#if _FS_LOCK != 0
            res = dec_lock(fp->obj.lockid); /* Decrement file open counter */
            if (res == FR_OK)
#endif
            {
                fp->obj.fs = 0;         /* Invalidate file object */
            }
#if _FS_REENTRANT
            unlock_fs(fs, FR_OK);       /* Unlock volume */
#endif
        }
    }
    return res;
}




#if _FS_RPATH >= 1
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Change Current Directory or Current Drive, Get Current Directory      */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

#if _VOLUMES >= 2
MEMSPACE
FRESULT f_chdrive (
    const TCHAR* path       /* Drive number */
)
{
    int vol;


    /* Get logical drive number */
    vol = get_ldnumber(&path);
    if (vol < 0) return FR_INVALID_DRIVE;

    CurrVol = (BYTE)vol;    /* Set it as current volume */

    return FR_OK;
}
#endif


MEMSPACE
FRESULT f_chdir (
    const TCHAR* path   /* Pointer to the directory path */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    DIR dj;
    FATFS *fs;
    DEF_NAMBUF

    /* Get logical drive */
    res = find_volume(&path, &fs, 0);
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        dj.obj.fs = fs;
        INIT_NAMBUF(fs);
        res = follow_path(&dj, path);       /* Follow the path */
        if (res == FR_OK) {                 /* Follow completed */
            if (dj.fn[NSFLAG] & NS_NONAME) {
                fs->cdir = dj.obj.sclust;   /* It is the start directory itself */
#if _FS_EXFAT
                if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                    fs->cdc_scl = dj.obj.c_scl;
                    fs->cdc_size = dj.obj.c_size;
                    fs->cdc_ofs = dj.obj.c_ofs;
                }
#endif
            } else {
                if (dj.obj.attr & AM_DIR) { /* It is a sub-directory */
#if _FS_EXFAT
                    if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                        fs->cdir = ld_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FstClus);     /* Sub-directory cluster */
                        fs->cdc_scl = dj.obj.sclust;                        /* Save containing directory information */
                        fs->cdc_size = ((DWORD)dj.obj.objsize & 0xFFFFFF00) | dj.obj.stat;
                        fs->cdc_ofs = dj.blk_ofs;
                    } else
#endif
                    {
                        fs->cdir = ld_clust(fs, dj.dir);                    /* Sub-directory cluster */
                    }
                } else {
                    res = FR_NO_PATH;       /* Reached but a file */
                }
            }
        }
        FREE_NAMBUF();
        if (res == FR_NO_FILE) res = FR_NO_PATH;
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}


#if _FS_RPATH >= 2
MEMSPACE
FRESULT f_getcwd (
    TCHAR* buff,    /* Pointer to the directory path */
    UINT len        /* Size of path */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    DIR dj;
    FATFS *fs;
    UINT i, n;
    DWORD ccl;
    TCHAR *tp;
    FILINFO fno;
    DEF_NAMBUF


    *buff = 0;
    /* Get logical drive */
    res = find_volume((const TCHAR**)&buff, &fs, 0);    /* Get current volume */
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        dj.obj.fs = fs;
        INIT_NAMBUF(fs);
        i = len;            /* Bottom of buffer (directory stack base) */
        if (!_FS_EXFAT || fs->fs_type != FS_EXFAT) {    /* (Cannot do getcwd on exFAT and returns root path) */
            dj.obj.sclust = fs->cdir;               /* Start to follow upper directory from current directory */
            while ((ccl = dj.obj.sclust) != 0) {    /* Repeat while current directory is a sub-directory */
                res = dir_sdi(&dj, 1 * SZDIRE); /* Get parent directory */
                if (res != FR_OK) break;
                res = move_window(fs, dj.sect);
                if (res != FR_OK) break;
                dj.obj.sclust = ld_clust(fs, dj.dir);   /* Goto parent directory */
                res = dir_sdi(&dj, 0);
                if (res != FR_OK) break;
                do {                            /* Find the entry links to the child directory */
                    res = dir_read(&dj, 0);
                    if (res != FR_OK) break;
                    if (ccl == ld_clust(fs, dj.dir)) break; /* Found the entry */
                    res = dir_next(&dj, 0);
                } while (res == FR_OK);
                if (res == FR_NO_FILE) res = FR_INT_ERR;/* It cannot be 'not found'. */
                if (res != FR_OK) break;
                get_fileinfo(&dj, &fno);        /* Get the directory name and push it to the buffer */
                for (n = 0; fno.fname[n]; n++) ;
                if (i < n + 3) {
                    res = FR_NOT_ENOUGH_CORE; break;
                }
                while (n) buff[--i] = fno.fname[--n];
                buff[--i] = '/';
            }
        }
        tp = buff;
        if (res == FR_OK) {
#if _VOLUMES >= 2
            *tp++ = '0' + CurrVol;          /* Put drive number */
            *tp++ = ':';
#endif
            if (i == len) {                 /* Root-directory */
                *tp++ = '/';
            } else {                        /* Sub-directroy */
                do      /* Add stacked path str */
                    *tp++ = buff[i++];
                while (i < len);
            }
        }
        *tp = 0;
        FREE_NAMBUF();
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}

#endif /* _FS_RPATH >= 2 */
#endif /* _FS_RPATH >= 1 */



#if _FS_MINIMIZE <= 2
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Seek File R/W Pointer                                                 */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

MEMSPACE
FRESULT f_lseek (
    FIL* fp,        /* Pointer to the file object */
    FSIZE_t ofs     /* File pointer from top of file */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs;
    DWORD clst, bcs, nsect;
    FSIZE_t ifptr;
#if _USE_FASTSEEK
    DWORD cl, pcl, ncl, tcl, dsc, tlen, ulen, *tbl;
#endif

    res = validate(&fp->obj, &fs);      /* Check validity of the file object */
    if (res != FR_OK || (res = (FRESULT)fp->err) != FR_OK) LEAVE_FF(fs, res);   /* Check validity */
#if _USE_FASTSEEK
    if (fp->cltbl) {    /* Fast seek */
        if (ofs == CREATE_LINKMAP) {    /* Create CLMT */
            tbl = fp->cltbl;
            tlen = *tbl++; ulen = 2;    /* Given table size and required table size */
            cl = fp->obj.sclust;        /* Origin of the chain */
            if (cl) {
                do {
                    /* Get a fragment */
                    tcl = cl; ncl = 0; ulen += 2;   /* Top, length and used items */
                    do {
                        pcl = cl; ncl++;
                        cl = get_fat(&fp->obj, cl);
                        if (cl <= 1) ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
                        if (cl == 0xFFFFFFFF) ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                    } while (cl == pcl + 1);
                    if (ulen <= tlen) {     /* Store the length and top of the fragment */
                        *tbl++ = ncl; *tbl++ = tcl;
                    }
                } while (cl < fs->n_fatent);    /* Repeat until end of chain */
            }
            *fp->cltbl = ulen;  /* Number of items used */
            if (ulen <= tlen) {
                *tbl = 0;       /* Terminate table */
            } else {
                res = FR_NOT_ENOUGH_CORE;   /* Given table size is smaller than required */
            }
        } else {                        /* Fast seek */
            if (ofs > fp->obj.objsize) ofs = fp->obj.objsize;   /* Clip offset at the file size */
            fp->fptr = ofs;             /* Set file pointer */
            if (ofs) {
                fp->clust = clmt_clust(fp, ofs - 1);
                dsc = clust2sect(fs, fp->clust);
                if (!dsc) ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
                dsc += (DWORD)((ofs - 1) / SS(fs)) & (fs->csize - 1);
                if (fp->fptr % SS(fs) && dsc != fp->sect) { /* Refill sector cache if needed */
#if !_FS_TINY
#if !_FS_READONLY
                    if (fp->flag & FA_DIRTY) {      /* Write-back dirty sector cache */
                        if (disk_write(fs->drv, fp->buf, fp->sect, 1) != RES_OK) ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                        fp->flag &= (BYTE)~FA_DIRTY;
                    }
#endif
                    if (disk_read(fs->drv, fp->buf, dsc, 1) != RES_OK) ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);  /* Load current sector */
#endif
                    fp->sect = dsc;
                }
            }
        }
    } else
#endif

    /* Normal Seek */
    {
#if _FS_EXFAT
        if (fs->fs_type != FS_EXFAT && ofs >= 0x100000000) ofs = 0xFFFFFFFF;    /* Clip at 4GiB-1 if at FATxx */
#endif
        if (ofs > fp->obj.objsize && (_FS_READONLY || !(fp->flag & FA_WRITE))) {    /* In read-only mode, clip offset with the file size */
            ofs = fp->obj.objsize;
        }
        ifptr = fp->fptr;
        fp->fptr = nsect = 0;
        if (ofs) {
            bcs = (DWORD)fs->csize * SS(fs);    /* Cluster size (byte) */
            if (ifptr > 0 &&
                (ofs - 1) / bcs >= (ifptr - 1) / bcs) { /* When seek to same or following cluster, */
                fp->fptr = (ifptr - 1) & ~(FSIZE_t)(bcs - 1);   /* start from the current cluster */
                ofs -= fp->fptr;
                clst = fp->clust;
            } else {                                    /* When seek to back cluster, */
                clst = fp->obj.sclust;                  /* start from the first cluster */
#if !_FS_READONLY
                if (clst == 0) {                        /* If no cluster chain, create a new chain */
                    clst = create_chain(&fp->obj, 0);
                    if (clst == 1) ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
                    if (clst == 0xFFFFFFFF) ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                    fp->obj.sclust = clst;
                }
#endif
                fp->clust = clst;
            }
            if (clst != 0) {
                while (ofs > bcs) {                     /* Cluster following loop */
                    ofs -= bcs; fp->fptr += bcs;
#if !_FS_READONLY
                    if (fp->flag & FA_WRITE) {          /* Check if in write mode or not */
                        if (_FS_EXFAT && fp->fptr > fp->obj.objsize) {  /* No FAT chain object needs correct objsize to generate FAT value */
                            fp->obj.objsize = fp->fptr;
                            fp->flag |= FA_MODIFIED;
                        }
                        clst = create_chain(&fp->obj, clst);    /* Follow chain with forceed stretch */
                        if (clst == 0) {                /* Clip file size in case of disk full */
                            ofs = 0; break;
                        }
                    } else
#endif
                    {
                        clst = get_fat(&fp->obj, clst); /* Follow cluster chain if not in write mode */
                    }
                    if (clst == 0xFFFFFFFF) ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                    if (clst <= 1 || clst >= fs->n_fatent) ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
                    fp->clust = clst;
                }
                fp->fptr += ofs;
                if (ofs % SS(fs)) {
                    nsect = clust2sect(fs, clst);   /* Current sector */
                    if (!nsect) ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
                    nsect += (DWORD)(ofs / SS(fs));
                }
            }
        }
        if (!_FS_READONLY && fp->fptr > fp->obj.objsize) {      /* Set file change flag if the file size is extended */
            fp->obj.objsize = fp->fptr;
            fp->flag |= FA_MODIFIED;
        }
        if (fp->fptr % SS(fs) && nsect != fp->sect) {   /* Fill sector cache if needed */
#if !_FS_TINY
#if !_FS_READONLY
            if (fp->flag & FA_DIRTY) {          /* Write-back dirty sector cache */
                if (disk_write(fs->drv, fp->buf, fp->sect, 1) != RES_OK) ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                fp->flag &= (BYTE)~FA_DIRTY;
            }
#endif
            if (disk_read(fs->drv, fp->buf, nsect, 1) != RES_OK) ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);    /* Fill sector cache */
#endif
            fp->sect = nsect;
        }
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}



#if _FS_MINIMIZE <= 1
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Create a Directory Object                                             */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

MEMSPACE
FRESULT f_opendir (
    DIR* dp,            /* Pointer to directory object to create */
    const TCHAR* path   /* Pointer to the directory path */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs;
    _FDID *obj;
    DEF_NAMBUF


    if (!dp) return FR_INVALID_OBJECT;

    /* Get logical drive */
    obj = &dp->obj;
    res = find_volume(&path, &fs, 0);
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        obj->fs = fs;
        INIT_NAMBUF(fs);
        res = follow_path(dp, path);            /* Follow the path to the directory */
        if (res == FR_OK) {                     /* Follow completed */
            if (!(dp->fn[NSFLAG] & NS_NONAME)) {    /* It is not the origin directory itself */
                if (obj->attr & AM_DIR) {       /* This object is a sub-directory */
#if _FS_EXFAT
                    if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                        obj->c_scl = obj->sclust;   /* Save containing directory inforamation */
                        obj->c_size = ((DWORD)obj->objsize & 0xFFFFFF00) | obj->stat;
                        obj->c_ofs = dp->blk_ofs;
                        obj->sclust = ld_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FstClus);  /* Get object location and status */
                        obj->objsize = ld_qword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FileSize);
                        obj->stat = fs->dirbuf[XDIR_GenFlags] & 2;
                    } else
#endif
                    {
                        obj->sclust = ld_clust(fs, dp->dir);    /* Get object location */
                    }
                } else {                        /* This object is a file */
                    res = FR_NO_PATH;
                }
            }
            if (res == FR_OK) {
                obj->id = fs->id;
                res = dir_sdi(dp, 0);           /* Rewind directory */
#if _FS_LOCK != 0
                if (res == FR_OK) {
                    if (obj->sclust) {
                        obj->lockid = inc_lock(dp, 0);  /* Lock the sub directory */
                        if (!obj->lockid) res = FR_TOO_MANY_OPEN_FILES;
                    } else {
                        obj->lockid = 0;    /* Root directory need not to be locked */
                    }
                }
#endif
            }
        }
        FREE_NAMBUF();
        if (res == FR_NO_FILE) res = FR_NO_PATH;
    }
    if (res != FR_OK) obj->fs = 0;      /* Invalidate the directory object if function faild */

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}




/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Close Directory                                                       */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

MEMSPACE
FRESULT f_closedir (
    DIR *dp     /* Pointer to the directory object to be closed */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs;


    res = validate(&dp->obj, &fs);          /* Check validity of the file object */
    if (res == FR_OK) {
#if _FS_LOCK != 0
        if (dp->obj.lockid) {               /* Decrement sub-directory open counter */
            res = dec_lock(dp->obj.lockid);
        }
        if (res == FR_OK)
#endif
        {
            dp->obj.fs = 0;         /* Invalidate directory object */
        }
#if _FS_REENTRANT
        unlock_fs(fs, FR_OK);       /* Unlock volume */
#endif
    }
    return res;
}




/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Read Directory Entries in Sequence                                    */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

MEMSPACE
FRESULT f_readdir (
    DIR* dp,            /* Pointer to the open directory object */
    FILINFO* fno        /* Pointer to file information to return */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs;
    DEF_NAMBUF


    res = validate(&dp->obj, &fs);  /* Check validity of the directory object */
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        if (!fno) {
            res = dir_sdi(dp, 0);           /* Rewind the directory object */
        } else {
            INIT_NAMBUF(fs);
            res = dir_read(dp, 0);          /* Read an item */
            if (res == FR_NO_FILE) res = FR_OK; /* Ignore end of directory */
            if (res == FR_OK) {             /* A valid entry is found */
                get_fileinfo(dp, fno);      /* Get the object information */
                res = dir_next(dp, 0);      /* Increment index for next */
                if (res == FR_NO_FILE) res = FR_OK; /* Ignore end of directory now */
            }
            FREE_NAMBUF();
        }
    }
    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}



#if _USE_FIND
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Find Next File                                                        */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

MEMSPACE
FRESULT f_findnext (
    DIR* dp,        /* Pointer to the open directory object */
    FILINFO* fno    /* Pointer to the file information structure */
)
{
    FRESULT res;


    for (;;) {
        res = f_readdir(dp, fno);       /* Get a directory item */
        if (res != FR_OK || !fno || !fno->fname[0]) break;  /* Terminate if any error or end of directory */
        if (pattern_matching(dp->pat, fno->fname, 0, 0)) break;     /* Test for the file name */
#if _USE_LFN != 0 && _USE_FIND == 2
        if (pattern_matching(dp->pat, fno->altname, 0, 0)) break;   /* Test for alternative name if exist */
#endif
    }
    return res;
}



/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Find First File                                                       */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

MEMSPACE
FRESULT f_findfirst (
    DIR* dp,                /* Pointer to the blank directory object */
    FILINFO* fno,           /* Pointer to the file information structure */
    const TCHAR* path,      /* Pointer to the directory to open */
    const TCHAR* pattern    /* Pointer to the matching pattern */
)
{
    FRESULT res;


    dp->pat = pattern;      /* Save pointer to pattern string */
    res = f_opendir(dp, path);      /* Open the target directory */
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        res = f_findnext(dp, fno);  /* Find the first item */
    }
    return res;
}

#endif  /* _USE_FIND */



#if _FS_MINIMIZE == 0
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Get File Status                                                       */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

MEMSPACE
FRESULT f_stat (
    const TCHAR* path,  /* Pointer to the file path */
    FILINFO* fno        /* Pointer to file information to return */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    DIR dj;
    DEF_NAMBUF


    /* Get logical drive */
    res = find_volume(&path, &dj.obj.fs, 0);
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        INIT_NAMBUF(dj.obj.fs);
        res = follow_path(&dj, path);   /* Follow the file path */
        if (res == FR_OK) {             /* Follow completed */
            if (dj.fn[NSFLAG] & NS_NONAME) {    /* It is origin directory */
                res = FR_INVALID_NAME;
            } else {                            /* Found an object */
                if (fno) get_fileinfo(&dj, fno);
            }
        }
        FREE_NAMBUF();
    }

    LEAVE_FF(dj.obj.fs, res);
}



#if !_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Get Number of Free Clusters                                           */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

MEMSPACE
FRESULT f_getfree (
    const TCHAR* path,  /* Path name of the logical drive number */
    DWORD* nclst,       /* Pointer to a variable to return number of free clusters */
    FATFS** fatfs       /* Pointer to return pointer to corresponding file system object */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs;
    DWORD nfree, clst, sect, stat;
    UINT i;
    BYTE *p;
    _FDID obj;


    /* Get logical drive */
    res = find_volume(&path, &fs, 0);
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        *fatfs = fs;                /* Return ptr to the fs object */
        /* If free_clst is valid, return it without full cluster scan */
        if (fs->free_clst <= fs->n_fatent - 2) {
            *nclst = fs->free_clst;
        } else {
            /* Get number of free clusters */
            nfree = 0;
            if (fs->fs_type == FS_FAT12) {  /* FAT12: Sector unalighed FAT entries */
                clst = 2; obj.fs = fs;
                do {
                    stat = get_fat(&obj, clst);
                    if (stat == 0xFFFFFFFF) { res = FR_DISK_ERR; break; }
                    if (stat == 1) { res = FR_INT_ERR; break; }
                    if (stat == 0) nfree++;
                } while (++clst < fs->n_fatent);
            } else {
#if _FS_EXFAT
                if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {  /* exFAT: Scan bitmap table */
                    BYTE bm;
                    UINT b;

                    clst = fs->n_fatent - 2;
                    sect = fs->database;
                    i = 0;
                    do {
                        if (i == 0 && (res = move_window(fs, sect++)) != FR_OK) break;
                        for (b = 8, bm = fs->win[i]; b && clst; b--, clst--) {
                            if (!(bm & 1)) nfree++;
                            bm >>= 1;
                        }
                        i = (i + 1) % SS(fs);
                    } while (clst);
                } else
#endif
                {   /* FAT16/32: Sector alighed FAT entries */
                    clst = fs->n_fatent; sect = fs->fatbase;
                    i = 0; p = 0;
                    do {
                        if (i == 0) {
                            res = move_window(fs, sect++);
                            if (res != FR_OK) break;
                            p = fs->win;
                            i = SS(fs);
                        }
                        if (fs->fs_type == FS_FAT16) {
                            if (ld_word(p) == 0) nfree++;
                            p += 2; i -= 2;
                        } else {
                            if ((ld_dword(p) & 0x0FFFFFFF) == 0) nfree++;
                            p += 4; i -= 4;
                        }
                    } while (--clst);
                }
            }
            *nclst = nfree;         /* Return the free clusters */
            fs->free_clst = nfree;  /* Now free_clst is valid */
            fs->fsi_flag |= 1;      /* FSInfo is to be updated */
        }
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}




/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Truncate File                                                         */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

MEMSPACE
FRESULT f_truncate (
    FIL* fp     /* Pointer to the file object */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs;
    DWORD ncl;


    res = validate(&fp->obj, &fs);  /* Check validity of the file object */
    if (res != FR_OK || (res = (FRESULT)fp->err) != FR_OK) LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
    if (!(fp->flag & FA_WRITE)) LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_DENIED);    /* Check access mode */

    if (fp->obj.objsize > fp->fptr) {
        if (fp->fptr == 0) {    /* When set file size to zero, remove entire cluster chain */
            res = remove_chain(&fp->obj, fp->obj.sclust, 0);
            fp->obj.sclust = 0;
        } else {                /* When truncate a part of the file, remove remaining clusters */
            ncl = get_fat(&fp->obj, fp->clust);
            res = FR_OK;
            if (ncl == 0xFFFFFFFF) res = FR_DISK_ERR;
            if (ncl == 1) res = FR_INT_ERR;
            if (res == FR_OK && ncl < fs->n_fatent) {
                res = remove_chain(&fp->obj, ncl, fp->clust);
            }
        }
        fp->obj.objsize = fp->fptr; /* Set file size to current R/W point */
        fp->flag |= FA_MODIFIED;
#if !_FS_TINY
        if (res == FR_OK && (fp->flag & FA_DIRTY)) {
            if (disk_write(fs->drv, fp->buf, fp->sect, 1) != RES_OK) {
                res = FR_DISK_ERR;
            } else {
                fp->flag &= (BYTE)~FA_DIRTY;
            }
        }
#endif
        if (res != FR_OK) ABORT(fs, res);
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}




/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Delete a File/Directory                                               */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

MEMSPACE
FRESULT f_unlink (
    const TCHAR* path       /* Pointer to the file or directory path */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    DIR dj, sdj;
    DWORD dclst = 0;
    FATFS *fs;
#if _FS_EXFAT
    _FDID obj;
#endif
    DEF_NAMBUF


    /* Get logical drive */
    res = find_volume(&path, &fs, FA_WRITE);
    dj.obj.fs = fs;
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        INIT_NAMBUF(fs);
        res = follow_path(&dj, path);       /* Follow the file path */
        if (_FS_RPATH && res == FR_OK && (dj.fn[NSFLAG] & NS_DOT)) {
            res = FR_INVALID_NAME;          /* Cannot remove dot entry */
        }
#if _FS_LOCK != 0
        if (res == FR_OK) res = chk_lock(&dj, 2);   /* Check if it is an open object */
#endif
        if (res == FR_OK) {                 /* The object is accessible */
            if (dj.fn[NSFLAG] & NS_NONAME) {
                res = FR_INVALID_NAME;      /* Cannot remove the origin directory */
            } else {
                if (dj.obj.attr & AM_RDO) {
                    res = FR_DENIED;        /* Cannot remove R/O object */
                }
            }
            if (res == FR_OK) {
#if _FS_EXFAT
                obj.fs = fs;
                if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                    obj.sclust = dclst = ld_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FstClus);
                    obj.objsize = ld_qword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FileSize);
                    obj.stat = fs->dirbuf[XDIR_GenFlags] & 2;
                } else
#endif
                {
                    dclst = ld_clust(fs, dj.dir);
                }
                if (dj.obj.attr & AM_DIR) {         /* Is it a sub-directory ? */
#if _FS_RPATH != 0
                    if (dclst == fs->cdir) {                /* Is it the current directory? */
                        res = FR_DENIED;
                    } else
#endif
                    {
                        sdj.obj.fs = fs;                        /* Open the sub-directory */
                        sdj.obj.sclust = dclst;
#if _FS_EXFAT
                        if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                            sdj.obj.objsize = obj.objsize;
                            sdj.obj.stat = obj.stat;
                        }
#endif
                        res = dir_sdi(&sdj, 0);
                        if (res == FR_OK) {
                            res = dir_read(&sdj, 0);            /* Read an item */
                            if (res == FR_OK) res = FR_DENIED;  /* Not empty? */
                            if (res == FR_NO_FILE) res = FR_OK; /* Empty? */
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            if (res == FR_OK) {
                res = dir_remove(&dj);          /* Remove the directory entry */
                if (res == FR_OK && dclst) {    /* Remove the cluster chain if exist */
#if _FS_EXFAT
                    res = remove_chain(&obj, dclst, 0);
#else
                    res = remove_chain(&dj.obj, dclst, 0);
#endif
                }
                if (res == FR_OK) res = sync_fs(fs);
            }
        }
        FREE_NAMBUF();
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}




/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Create a Directory                                                    */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

MEMSPACE
FRESULT f_mkdir (
    const TCHAR* path       /* Pointer to the directory path */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    DIR dj;
    FATFS *fs;
    BYTE *dir;
    UINT n;
    DWORD dsc, dcl, pcl, tm;
    DEF_NAMBUF


    /* Get logical drive */
    res = find_volume(&path, &fs, FA_WRITE);
    dj.obj.fs = fs;
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        INIT_NAMBUF(fs);
        res = follow_path(&dj, path);           /* Follow the file path */
        if (res == FR_OK) res = FR_EXIST;       /* Any object with same name is already existing */
        if (_FS_RPATH && res == FR_NO_FILE && (dj.fn[NSFLAG] & NS_DOT)) {
            res = FR_INVALID_NAME;
        }
        if (res == FR_NO_FILE) {                /* Can create a new directory */
            dcl = create_chain(&dj.obj, 0);     /* Allocate a cluster for the new directory table */
            dj.obj.objsize = (DWORD)fs->csize * SS(fs);
            res = FR_OK;
            if (dcl == 0) res = FR_DENIED;      /* No space to allocate a new cluster */
            if (dcl == 1) res = FR_INT_ERR;
            if (dcl == 0xFFFFFFFF) res = FR_DISK_ERR;
            if (res == FR_OK) res = sync_window(fs);    /* Flush FAT */
            tm = GET_FATTIME();
            if (res == FR_OK) {                 /* Initialize the new directory table */
                dsc = clust2sect(fs, dcl);
                dir = fs->win;
                mem_set(dir, 0, SS(fs));
                if (!_FS_EXFAT || fs->fs_type != FS_EXFAT) {
                    mem_set(dir + DIR_Name, ' ', 11);   /* Create "." entry */
                    dir[DIR_Name] = '.';
                    dir[DIR_Attr] = AM_DIR;
                    st_dword(dir + DIR_ModTime, tm);
                    st_clust(fs, dir, dcl);
                    mem_cpy(dir + SZDIRE, dir, SZDIRE);     /* Create ".." entry */
                    dir[SZDIRE + 1] = '.'; pcl = dj.obj.sclust;
                    if (fs->fs_type == FS_FAT32 && pcl == fs->dirbase) pcl = 0;
                    st_clust(fs, dir + SZDIRE, pcl);
                }
                for (n = fs->csize; n; n--) {   /* Write dot entries and clear following sectors */
                    fs->winsect = dsc++;
                    fs->wflag = 1;
                    res = sync_window(fs);
                    if (res != FR_OK) break;
                    mem_set(dir, 0, SS(fs));
                }
            }
            if (res == FR_OK) res = dir_register(&dj);  /* Register the object to the directoy */
            if (res == FR_OK) {
#if _FS_EXFAT
                if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {  /* Initialize directory entry block */
                    st_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_ModTime, tm);    /* Created time */
                    st_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FstClus, dcl);   /* Table start cluster */
                    st_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FileSize, (DWORD)dj.obj.objsize);    /* File size needs to be valid */
                    st_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_ValidFileSize, (DWORD)dj.obj.objsize);
                    fs->dirbuf[XDIR_GenFlags] = 3;              /* Initialize the object flag (contiguous) */
                    fs->dirbuf[XDIR_Attr] = AM_DIR;             /* Attribute */
                    res = store_xdir(&dj);
                } else
#endif
                {
                    dir = dj.dir;
                    st_dword(dir + DIR_ModTime, tm);    /* Created time */
                    st_clust(fs, dir, dcl);             /* Table start cluster */
                    dir[DIR_Attr] = AM_DIR;             /* Attribute */
                    fs->wflag = 1;
                }
                if (res == FR_OK) res = sync_fs(fs);
            } else {
                remove_chain(&dj.obj, dcl, 0);      /* Could not register, remove cluster chain */
            }
        }
        FREE_NAMBUF();
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}




/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Rename a File/Directory                                               */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

MEMSPACE
FRESULT f_rename (
    const TCHAR* path_old,  /* Pointer to the object name to be renamed */
    const TCHAR* path_new   /* Pointer to the new name */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    DIR djo, djn;
    FATFS *fs;
    BYTE buf[_FS_EXFAT ? SZDIRE * 2 : 24], *dir;
    DWORD dw;
    DEF_NAMBUF


    get_ldnumber(&path_new);                        /* Ignore drive number of new name */
    res = find_volume(&path_old, &fs, FA_WRITE);    /* Get logical drive of the old object */
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        djo.obj.fs = fs;
        INIT_NAMBUF(fs);
        res = follow_path(&djo, path_old);      /* Check old object */
        if (res == FR_OK && (djo.fn[NSFLAG] & (NS_DOT | NS_NONAME))) res = FR_INVALID_NAME; /* Check validity of name */
#if _FS_LOCK != 0
        if (res == FR_OK) res = chk_lock(&djo, 2);
#endif
        if (res == FR_OK) {                     /* Object to be renamed is found */
#if _FS_EXFAT
            if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {  /* At exFAT */
                BYTE nf, nn;
                WORD nh;

                mem_cpy(buf, fs->dirbuf, SZDIRE * 2);   /* Save 85+C0 entry of old object */
                mem_cpy(&djn, &djo, sizeof djo);
                res = follow_path(&djn, path_new);      /* Make sure if new object name is not in use */
                if (res == FR_OK) {                     /* Is new name already in use by any other object? */
                    res = (djn.obj.sclust == djo.obj.sclust && djn.dptr == djo.dptr) ? FR_NO_FILE : FR_EXIST;
                }
                if (res == FR_NO_FILE) {                /* It is a valid path and no name collision */
                    res = dir_register(&djn);           /* Register the new entry */
                    if (res == FR_OK) {
                        nf = fs->dirbuf[XDIR_NumSec]; nn = fs->dirbuf[XDIR_NumName];
                        nh = ld_word(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_NameHash);
                        mem_cpy(fs->dirbuf, buf, SZDIRE * 2);
                        fs->dirbuf[XDIR_NumSec] = nf; fs->dirbuf[XDIR_NumName] = nn;
                        st_word(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_NameHash, nh);
/* Start of critical section where any interruption can cause a cross-link */
                        res = store_xdir(&djn);
                    }
                }
            } else
#endif
            {   /* At FAT12/FAT16/FAT32 */
                mem_cpy(buf, djo.dir + DIR_Attr, 21);   /* Save information about the object except name */
                mem_cpy(&djn, &djo, sizeof (DIR));      /* Duplicate the directory object */
                res = follow_path(&djn, path_new);      /* Make sure if new object name is not in use */
                if (res == FR_OK) {                     /* Is new name already in use by any other object? */
                    res = (djn.obj.sclust == djo.obj.sclust && djn.dptr == djo.dptr) ? FR_NO_FILE : FR_EXIST;
                }
                if (res == FR_NO_FILE) {                /* It is a valid path and no name collision */
                    res = dir_register(&djn);           /* Register the new entry */
                    if (res == FR_OK) {
                        dir = djn.dir;                  /* Copy information about object except name */
                        mem_cpy(dir + 13, buf + 2, 19);
                        dir[DIR_Attr] = buf[0] | AM_ARC;
                        fs->wflag = 1;
                        if ((dir[DIR_Attr] & AM_DIR) && djo.obj.sclust != djn.obj.sclust) { /* Update .. entry in the sub-directory if needed */
                            dw = clust2sect(fs, ld_clust(fs, dir));
                            if (!dw) {
                                res = FR_INT_ERR;
                            } else {
/* Start of critical section where any interruption can cause a cross-link */
                                res = move_window(fs, dw);
                                dir = fs->win + SZDIRE * 1; /* Ptr to .. entry */
                                if (res == FR_OK && dir[1] == '.') {
                                    st_clust(fs, dir, djn.obj.sclust);
                                    fs->wflag = 1;
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            if (res == FR_OK) {
                res = dir_remove(&djo);     /* Remove old entry */
                if (res == FR_OK) {
                    res = sync_fs(fs);
                }
            }
/* End of critical section */
        }
        FREE_NAMBUF();
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}

#endif /* !_FS_READONLY */
#endif /* _FS_MINIMIZE == 0 */
#endif /* _FS_MINIMIZE <= 1 */
#endif /* _FS_MINIMIZE <= 2 */



#if _USE_CHMOD && !_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Change Attribute                                                      */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

MEMSPACE
FRESULT f_chmod (
    const TCHAR* path,  /* Pointer to the file path */
    BYTE attr,          /* Attribute bits */
    BYTE mask           /* Attribute mask to change */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    DIR dj;
    FATFS *fs;
    DEF_NAMBUF


    res = find_volume(&path, &fs, FA_WRITE);    /* Get logical drive */
    dj.obj.fs = fs;
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        INIT_NAMBUF(fs);
        res = follow_path(&dj, path);   /* Follow the file path */
        if (res == FR_OK && (dj.fn[NSFLAG] & (NS_DOT | NS_NONAME))) res = FR_INVALID_NAME;  /* Check object validity */
        if (res == FR_OK) {
            mask &= AM_RDO|AM_HID|AM_SYS|AM_ARC;    /* Valid attribute mask */
#if _FS_EXFAT
            if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                fs->dirbuf[XDIR_Attr] = (attr & mask) | (fs->dirbuf[XDIR_Attr] & (BYTE)~mask);  /* Apply attribute change */
                res = store_xdir(&dj);
            } else
#endif
            {
                dj.dir[DIR_Attr] = (attr & mask) | (dj.dir[DIR_Attr] & (BYTE)~mask);    /* Apply attribute change */
                fs->wflag = 1;
            }
            if (res == FR_OK) res = sync_fs(fs);
        }
        FREE_NAMBUF();
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}




/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Change Timestamp                                                      */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

MEMSPACE
FRESULT f_utime (
    const TCHAR* path,  /* Pointer to the file/directory name */
    const FILINFO* fno  /* Pointer to the time stamp to be set */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    DIR dj;
    FATFS *fs;
    DEF_NAMBUF


    res = find_volume(&path, &fs, FA_WRITE);    /* Get logical drive */
    dj.obj.fs = fs;
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        INIT_NAMBUF(fs);
        res = follow_path(&dj, path);   /* Follow the file path */
        if (res == FR_OK && (dj.fn[NSFLAG] & (NS_DOT | NS_NONAME))) res = FR_INVALID_NAME;  /* Check object validity */
        if (res == FR_OK) {
#if _FS_EXFAT
            if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                st_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_ModTime, (DWORD)fno->fdate << 16 | fno->ftime);
                res = store_xdir(&dj);
            } else
#endif
            {
                st_dword(dj.dir + DIR_ModTime, (DWORD)fno->fdate << 16 | fno->ftime);
                fs->wflag = 1;
            }
            if (res == FR_OK) res = sync_fs(fs);
        }
        FREE_NAMBUF();
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}

#endif  /* _USE_CHMOD && !_FS_READONLY */



#if _USE_LABEL
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Get Volume Label                                                      */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

MEMSPACE
FRESULT f_getlabel (
    const TCHAR* path,  /* Path name of the logical drive number */
    TCHAR* label,       /* Pointer to a buffer to return the volume label */
    DWORD* vsn          /* Pointer to a variable to return the volume serial number */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    DIR dj;
    FATFS *fs;
    UINT si, di;
#if _LFN_UNICODE || _FS_EXFAT
    WCHAR w;
#endif

    /* Get logical drive */
    res = find_volume(&path, &fs, 0);

    /* Get volume label */
    if (res == FR_OK && label) {
        dj.obj.fs = fs; dj.obj.sclust = 0;  /* Open root directory */
        res = dir_sdi(&dj, 0);
        if (res == FR_OK) {
            res = dir_read(&dj, 1);         /* Find a volume label entry */
            if (res == FR_OK) {
#if _FS_EXFAT
                if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                    for (si = di = 0; si < dj.dir[XDIR_NumLabel]; si++) {   /* Extract volume label from 83 entry */
                        w = ld_word(dj.dir + XDIR_Label + si * 2);
#if _LFN_UNICODE
                        label[di++] = w;
#else
                        w = ff_convert(w, 0);   /* Unicode -> OEM */
                        if (w == 0) w = '?';    /* Replace wrong character */
                        if (_DF1S && w >= 0x100) label[di++] = (char)(w >> 8);
                        label[di++] = (char)w;
#endif
                    }
                    label[di] = 0;
                } else
#endif
                {
                    si = di = 0;        /* Extract volume label from AM_VOL entry with code comversion */
                    do {
#if _LFN_UNICODE
                        w = (si < 11) ? dj.dir[si++] : ' ';
                        if (IsDBCS1(w) && si < 11 && IsDBCS2(dj.dir[si])) {
                            w = w << 8 | dj.dir[si++];
                        }
                        label[di++] = ff_convert(w, 1); /* OEM -> Unicode */
#else
                        label[di++] = dj.dir[si++];
#endif
                    } while (di < 11);
                    do {                /* Truncate trailing spaces */
                        label[di] = 0;
                        if (di == 0) break;
                    } while (label[--di] == ' ');
                }
            }
        }
        if (res == FR_NO_FILE) {    /* No label entry and return nul string */
            label[0] = 0;
            res = FR_OK;
        }
    }

    /* Get volume serial number */
    if (res == FR_OK && vsn) {
        res = move_window(fs, fs->volbase);
        if (res == FR_OK) {
            switch (fs->fs_type) {
            case FS_EXFAT: di = BPB_VolIDEx; break;
            case FS_FAT32: di = BS_VolID32; break;
            default:       di = BS_VolID;
            }
            *vsn = ld_dword(fs->win + di);
        }
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}



#if !_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Set Volume Label                                                      */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

MEMSPACE
FRESULT f_setlabel (
    const TCHAR* label  /* Pointer to the volume label to set */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    DIR dj;
    FATFS *fs;
    BYTE dirvn[22];
    UINT i, j, slen;
    WCHAR w;
    static const char badchr[] = "\"*+,.:;<=>\?[]|\x7F";


    /* Get logical drive */
    res = find_volume(&label, &fs, FA_WRITE);
    if (res != FR_OK) LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
    dj.obj.fs = fs;

    /* Get length of given volume label */
    for (slen = 0; (UINT)label[slen] >= ' '; slen++) ;  /* Get name length */

#if _FS_EXFAT
    if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {  /* On the exFAT volume */
        for (i = j = 0; i < slen; ) {   /* Create volume label in directory form */
            w = label[i++];
#if !_LFN_UNICODE
            if (IsDBCS1(w)) {
                w = (i < slen && IsDBCS2(label[i])) ? w << 8 | (BYTE)label[i++] : 0;
            }
            w = ff_convert(w, 1);
#endif
            if (w == 0 || chk_chr(badchr, w) || j == 22) {  /* Check validity check validity of the volume label */
                LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_INVALID_NAME);
            }
            st_word(dirvn + j, w); j += 2;
        }
        slen = j;
    } else
#endif
    {   /* On the FAT12/16/32 volume */
        for ( ; slen && label[slen - 1] == ' '; slen--) ;   /* Remove trailing spaces */
        if (slen) {     /* Is there a volume label to be set? */
            dirvn[0] = 0; i = j = 0;    /* Create volume label in directory form */
            do {
#if _LFN_UNICODE
                w = ff_convert(ff_wtoupper(label[i++]), 0);
#else
                w = (BYTE)label[i++];
                if (IsDBCS1(w)) {
                    w = (j < 10 && i < slen && IsDBCS2(label[i])) ? w << 8 | (BYTE)label[i++] : 0;
                }
#if _USE_LFN != 0
                w = ff_convert(ff_wtoupper(ff_convert(w, 1)), 0);
#else
                if (IsLower(w)) w -= 0x20;          /* To upper ASCII characters */
#ifdef _EXCVT
                if (w >= 0x80) w = ExCvt[w - 0x80]; /* To upper extended characters (SBCS cfg) */
#else
                if (!_DF1S && w >= 0x80) w = 0;     /* Reject extended characters (ASCII cfg) */
#endif
#endif
#endif
                if (w == 0 || chk_chr(badchr, w) || j >= (UINT)((w >= 0x100) ? 10 : 11)) {  /* Reject invalid characters for volume label */
                    LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_INVALID_NAME);
                }
                if (w >= 0x100) dirvn[j++] = (BYTE)(w >> 8);
                dirvn[j++] = (BYTE)w;
            } while (i < slen);
            while (j < 11) dirvn[j++] = ' ';    /* Fill remaining name field */
            if (dirvn[0] == DDEM) LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_INVALID_NAME);    /* Reject illegal name (heading DDEM) */
        }
    }

    /* Set volume label */
    dj.obj.sclust = 0;      /* Open root directory */
    res = dir_sdi(&dj, 0);
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        res = dir_read(&dj, 1); /* Get volume label entry */
        if (res == FR_OK) {
            if (_FS_EXFAT && fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                dj.dir[XDIR_NumLabel] = (BYTE)(slen / 2);   /* Change the volume label */
                mem_cpy(dj.dir + XDIR_Label, dirvn, slen);
            } else {
                if (slen) {
                    mem_cpy(dj.dir, dirvn, 11); /* Change the volume label */
                } else {
                    dj.dir[DIR_Name] = DDEM;    /* Remove the volume label */
                }
            }
            fs->wflag = 1;
            res = sync_fs(fs);
        } else {            /* No volume label entry is found or error */
            if (res == FR_NO_FILE) {
                res = FR_OK;
                if (slen) { /* Create a volume label entry */
                    res = dir_alloc(&dj, 1);    /* Allocate an entry */
                    if (res == FR_OK) {
                        mem_set(dj.dir, 0, SZDIRE); /* Clear the entry */
                        if (_FS_EXFAT && fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                            dj.dir[XDIR_Type] = 0x83;       /* Create 83 entry */
                            dj.dir[XDIR_NumLabel] = (BYTE)(slen / 2);
                            mem_cpy(dj.dir + XDIR_Label, dirvn, slen);
                        } else {
                            dj.dir[DIR_Attr] = AM_VOL;      /* Create volume label entry */
                            mem_cpy(dj.dir, dirvn, 11);
                        }
                        fs->wflag = 1;
                        res = sync_fs(fs);
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}

#endif /* !_FS_READONLY */
#endif /* _USE_LABEL */



#if _USE_EXPAND && !_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Allocate a Contiguous Blocks to the File                              */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

MEMSPACE
FRESULT f_expand (
    FIL* fp,        /* Pointer to the file object */
    FSIZE_t fsz,    /* File size to be expanded to */
    BYTE opt        /* Operation mode 0:Find and prepare or 1:Find and allocate */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs;
    DWORD n, clst, stcl, scl, ncl, tcl, lclst;


    res = validate(&fp->obj, &fs);      /* Check validity of the file object */
    if (res != FR_OK || (res = (FRESULT)fp->err) != FR_OK) LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
    if (fsz == 0 || fp->obj.objsize != 0 || !(fp->flag & FA_WRITE)) LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_DENIED);
#if _FS_EXFAT
    if (fs->fs_type != FS_EXFAT && fsz >= 0x100000000) LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_DENIED); /* Check if in size limit */
#endif
    n = (DWORD)fs->csize * SS(fs);  /* Cluster size */
    tcl = (DWORD)(fsz / n) + ((fsz & (n - 1)) ? 1 : 0); /* Number of clusters required */
    stcl = fs->last_clst; lclst = 0;
    if (stcl < 2 || stcl >= fs->n_fatent) stcl = 2;

#if _FS_EXFAT
    if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
        scl = find_bitmap(fs, stcl, tcl);           /* Find a contiguous cluster block */
        if (scl == 0) res = FR_DENIED;              /* No contiguous cluster block was found */
        if (scl == 0xFFFFFFFF) res = FR_DISK_ERR;
        if (res == FR_OK) {
            if (opt) {
                res = change_bitmap(fs, scl, tcl, 1);   /* Mark the cluster block 'in use' */
                lclst = scl + tcl - 1;
            } else {
                lclst = scl - 1;
            }
        }
    } else
#endif
    {
        scl = clst = stcl; ncl = 0;
        for (;;) {  /* Find a contiguous cluster block */
            n = get_fat(&fp->obj, clst);
            if (++clst >= fs->n_fatent) clst = 2;
            if (n == 1) { res = FR_INT_ERR; break; }
            if (n == 0xFFFFFFFF) { res = FR_DISK_ERR; break; }
            if (n == 0) {   /* Is it a free cluster? */
                if (++ncl == tcl) break;    /* Break if a contiguous cluster block is found */
            } else {
                scl = clst; ncl = 0;        /* Not a free cluster */
            }
            if (clst == stcl) { res = FR_DENIED; break; }   /* No contiguous cluster? */
        }
        if (res == FR_OK) {
            if (opt) {
                for (clst = scl, n = tcl; n; clst++, n--) { /* Create a cluster chain on the FAT */
                    res = put_fat(fs, clst, (n == 1) ? 0xFFFFFFFF : clst + 1);
                    if (res != FR_OK) break;
                    lclst = clst;
                }
            } else {
                lclst = scl - 1;
            }
        }
    }

    if (res == FR_OK) {
        fs->last_clst = lclst;      /* Set suggested start cluster to start next */
        if (opt) {
            fp->obj.sclust = scl;       /* Update object allocation information */
            fp->obj.objsize = fsz;
            if (_FS_EXFAT) fp->obj.stat = 2;    /* Set status 'contiguous chain' */
            fp->flag |= FA_MODIFIED;
            if (fs->free_clst  < fs->n_fatent - 2) {    /* Update FSINFO */
                fs->free_clst -= tcl;
                fs->fsi_flag |= 1;
            }
        }
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}

#endif /* _USE_EXPAND && !_FS_READONLY */



#if _USE_FORWARD
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Forward data to the stream directly                                   */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

MEMSPACE
FRESULT f_forward (
    FIL* fp,                        /* Pointer to the file object */
    UINT (*func)(const BYTE*,UINT), /* Pointer to the streaming function */
    UINT btf,                       /* Number of bytes to forward */
    UINT* bf                        /* Pointer to number of bytes forwarded */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs;
    DWORD clst, sect;
    FSIZE_t remain;
    UINT rcnt, csect;
    BYTE *dbuf;


    *bf = 0;    /* Clear transfer byte counter */
    res = validate(&fp->obj, &fs);      /* Check validity of the file object */
    if (res != FR_OK || (res = (FRESULT)fp->err) != FR_OK) LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
    if (!(fp->flag & FA_READ)) LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_DENIED); /* Check access mode */

    remain = fp->obj.objsize - fp->fptr;
    if (btf > remain) btf = (UINT)remain;           /* Truncate btf by remaining bytes */

    for ( ;  btf && (*func)(0, 0);                  /* Repeat until all data transferred or stream goes busy */
        fp->fptr += rcnt, *bf += rcnt, btf -= rcnt) {
        csect = (UINT)(fp->fptr / SS(fs) & (fs->csize - 1));    /* Sector offset in the cluster */
        if (fp->fptr % SS(fs) == 0) {               /* On the sector boundary? */
            if (csect == 0) {                       /* On the cluster boundary? */
                clst = (fp->fptr == 0) ?            /* On the top of the file? */
                    fp->obj.sclust : get_fat(&fp->obj, fp->clust);
                if (clst <= 1) ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
                if (clst == 0xFFFFFFFF) ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                fp->clust = clst;                   /* Update current cluster */
            }
        }
        sect = clust2sect(fs, fp->clust);           /* Get current data sector */
        if (!sect) ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
        sect += csect;
#if _FS_TINY
        if (move_window(fs, sect) != FR_OK) ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR); /* Move sector window to the file data */
        dbuf = fs->win;
#else
        if (fp->sect != sect) {     /* Fill sector cache with file data */
#if !_FS_READONLY
            if (fp->flag & FA_DIRTY) {      /* Write-back dirty sector cache */
                if (disk_write(fs->drv, fp->buf, fp->sect, 1) != RES_OK) ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                fp->flag &= (BYTE)~FA_DIRTY;
            }
#endif
            if (disk_read(fs->drv, fp->buf, sect, 1) != RES_OK) ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
        }
        dbuf = fp->buf;
#endif
        fp->sect = sect;
        rcnt = SS(fs) - (UINT)fp->fptr % SS(fs);    /* Number of bytes left in the sector */
        if (rcnt > btf) rcnt = btf;                 /* Clip it by btr if needed */
        rcnt = (*func)(dbuf + ((UINT)fp->fptr % SS(fs)), rcnt); /* Forward the file data */
        if (!rcnt) ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_OK);
}
#endif /* _USE_FORWARD */



#if _USE_MKFS && !_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Create FAT file system on the logical drive                           */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

MEMSPACE
FRESULT f_mkfs (
    const TCHAR* path,  /* Logical drive number */
    BYTE opt,           /* Format option */
    DWORD au,           /* Size of allocation unit [byte] */
    void* work,         /* Pointer to working buffer */
    UINT len            /* Size of working buffer */
)
{
    const UINT n_fats = 1;      /* Number of FATs for FAT12/16/32 volume (1 or 2) */
    const UINT n_rootdir = 512; /* Number of root directory entries for FAT12/16 volume */
    static const WORD cst[] = {1, 4, 16, 64, 256, 512, 0};  /* Cluster size boundary for FAT12/16 volume (4Ks unit) */
    static const WORD cst32[] = {1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 0};    /* Cluster size boundary for FAT32 volume (128Ks unit) */
    BYTE fmt, sys, *buf, *pte, pdrv, part;
    WORD ss;
    DWORD szb_buf, sz_buf, sz_blk, n_clst, pau, sect, nsect, n;
    DWORD b_vol, b_fat, b_data;             /* Base LBA for volume, fat, data */
    DWORD sz_vol, sz_rsv, sz_fat, sz_dir;   /* Size for volume, fat, dir, data */
    UINT i;
    int vol;
    DSTATUS stat;
#if _USE_TRIM || _FS_EXFAT
    DWORD tbl[3];
#endif


    /* Check mounted drive and clear work area */
    vol = get_ldnumber(&path);                  /* Get target logical drive */
    if (vol < 0) return FR_INVALID_DRIVE;
    if (FatFs[vol]) FatFs[vol]->fs_type = 0;    /* Clear mounted volume */
    pdrv = LD2PD(vol);  /* Physical drive */
    part = LD2PT(vol);  /* Partition (0:create as new, 1-4:get from partition table) */

    /* Check physical drive status */
    stat = disk_initialize(pdrv);
    if (stat & STA_NOINIT) return FR_NOT_READY;
    if (stat & STA_PROTECT) return FR_WRITE_PROTECTED;
    if (disk_ioctl(pdrv, GET_BLOCK_SIZE, &sz_blk) != RES_OK || !sz_blk || sz_blk > 32768 || (sz_blk & (sz_blk - 1))) sz_blk = 1;    /* Erase block to align data area */
#if _MAX_SS != _MIN_SS      /* Get sector size of the medium */
    if (disk_ioctl(pdrv, GET_SECTOR_SIZE, &ss) != RES_OK) return FR_DISK_ERR;
    if (ss > _MAX_SS || ss < _MIN_SS || (ss & (ss - 1))) return FR_DISK_ERR;
#else
    ss = _MAX_SS;
#endif
    if ((au != 0 && au < ss) || au > 0x1000000 || (au & (au - 1))) return FR_INVALID_PARAMETER; /* Check if au is valid */
    au /= ss;   /* Cluster size in unit of sector */

    /* Get working buffer */
    buf = (BYTE*)work;      /* Working buffer */
    sz_buf = len / ss;      /* Size of working buffer (sector) */
    szb_buf = sz_buf * ss;  /* Size of working buffer (byte) */
    if (!szb_buf) return FR_MKFS_ABORTED;

    /* Determine where the volume to be located (b_vol, sz_vol) */
    if (_MULTI_PARTITION && part != 0) {
        /* Get partition information from partition table in the MBR */
        if (disk_read(pdrv, buf, 0, 1) != RES_OK) return FR_DISK_ERR;   /* Load MBR */
        if (ld_word(buf + BS_55AA) != 0xAA55) return FR_MKFS_ABORTED;   /* Check if MBR is valid */
        pte = buf + (MBR_Table + (part - 1) * SZ_PTE);
        if (!pte[PTE_System]) return FR_MKFS_ABORTED;   /* No partition? */
        b_vol = ld_dword(pte + PTE_StLba);      /* Get volume start sector */
        sz_vol = ld_dword(pte + PTE_SizLba);    /* Get volume size */
    } else {
        /* Create a single-partition in this function */
        if (disk_ioctl(pdrv, GET_SECTOR_COUNT, &sz_vol) != RES_OK) return FR_DISK_ERR;
        b_vol = (opt & FM_SFD) ? 0 : 63;        /* Volume start sector */
        if (sz_vol < b_vol) return FR_MKFS_ABORTED;
        sz_vol -= b_vol;                        /* Volume size */
    }
    if (sz_vol < 128) return FR_MKFS_ABORTED;   /* Check if volume size is >=128s */

    /* Pre-determine the FAT type */
    do {
        if (_FS_EXFAT && (opt & FM_EXFAT)) {    /* exFAT possible? */
            if ((opt & FM_ANY) == FM_EXFAT || sz_vol >= 0x4000000 || au > 128) {    /* exFAT only, vol >= 64Ms or au > 128s ? */
                fmt = FS_EXFAT; break;
            }
        }
        if (au > 128) return FR_INVALID_PARAMETER;  /* Too large au for FAT/FAT32 */
        if (opt & FM_FAT32) {   /* FAT32 possible? */
            if ((opt & FM_ANY) == FM_FAT32 || !(opt & FM_FAT)) {    /* FAT32 only or no-FAT? */
                fmt = FS_FAT32; break;
            }
        }
        if (!(opt & FM_FAT)) return FR_INVALID_PARAMETER;   /* no-FAT? */
        fmt = FS_FAT16;
    } while (0);

#if _FS_EXFAT
    if (fmt == FS_EXFAT) {  /* Create an exFAT volume */
        DWORD szb_bit, szb_case, sum, nb, cl;
        WCHAR ch, si;
        UINT j, st;
        BYTE b;

        if (sz_vol < 0x1000) return FR_MKFS_ABORTED;    /* Too small volume? */
#if _USE_TRIM
        tbl[0] = b_vol; tbl[1] = b_vol + sz_vol - 1;    /* Inform the device the volume area can be erased */
        disk_ioctl(pdrv, CTRL_TRIM, tbl);
#endif
        /* Determine FAT location, data location and number of clusters */
        if (!au) {  /* au auto-selection */
            au = 8;
            if (sz_vol >= 0x80000) au = 64;     /* >= 512Ks */
            if (sz_vol >= 0x4000000) au = 256;  /* >= 64Ms */
        }
        b_fat = b_vol + 32;                                     /* FAT start at offset 32 */
        sz_fat = ((sz_vol / au + 2) * 4 + ss - 1) / ss;         /* Number of FAT sectors */
        b_data = (b_fat + sz_fat + sz_blk - 1) & ~(sz_blk - 1); /* Align data area to the erase block boundary */
        if (b_data >= sz_vol / 2) return FR_MKFS_ABORTED;       /* Too small volume? */
        n_clst = (sz_vol - (b_data - b_vol)) / au;              /* Number of clusters */
        if (n_clst <16) return FR_MKFS_ABORTED;                 /* Too few clusters? */
        if (n_clst > MAX_EXFAT) return FR_MKFS_ABORTED;         /* Too many clusters? */

        szb_bit = (n_clst + 7) / 8;                     /* Size of allocation bitmap */
        tbl[0] = (szb_bit + au * ss - 1) / (au * ss);   /* Number of allocation bitmap clusters */

        /* Create a compressed up-case table */
        sect = b_data + au * tbl[0];    /* Table start sector */
        sum = 0;                        /* Table checksum to be stored in the 82 entry */
        st = si = i = j = szb_case = 0;
        do {
            switch (st) {
            case 0:
                ch = ff_wtoupper(si);   /* Get an up-case char */
                if (ch != si) {
                    si++; break;        /* Store the up-case char if exist */
                }
                for (j = 1; (WCHAR)(si + j) && (WCHAR)(si + j) == ff_wtoupper((WCHAR)(si + j)); j++) ;  /* Get run length of no-case block */
                if (j >= 128) {
                    ch = 0xFFFF; st = 2; break; /* Compress the no-case block if run is >= 128 */
                }
                st = 1;         /* Do not compress short run */
                /* continue */
            case 1:
                ch = si++;      /* Fill the short run */
                if (--j == 0) st = 0;
                break;
            default:
                ch = (WCHAR)j; si += j; /* Number of chars to skip */
                st = 0;
            }
            sum = xsum32(buf[i + 0] = (BYTE)ch, sum);       /* Put it into the write buffer */
            sum = xsum32(buf[i + 1] = (BYTE)(ch >> 8), sum);
            i += 2; szb_case += 2;
            if (!si || i == szb_buf) {      /* Write buffered data when buffer full or end of process */
                n = (i + ss - 1) / ss;
                if (disk_write(pdrv, buf, sect, n) != RES_OK) return FR_DISK_ERR;
                sect += n; i = 0;
            }
        } while (si);
        tbl[1] = (szb_case + au * ss - 1) / (au * ss);  /* Number of up-case table clusters */
        tbl[2] = 1;                                     /* Number of root dir clusters */

        /* Initialize the allocation bitmap */
        sect = b_data; nsect = (szb_bit + ss - 1) / ss; /* Start of bitmap and number of sectors */
        nb = tbl[0] + tbl[1] + tbl[2];                  /* Number of clusters in-use by system */
        do {
            mem_set(buf, 0, szb_buf);
            for (i = 0; nb >= 8 && i < szb_buf; buf[i++] = 0xFF, nb -= 8) ;
            for (b = 1; nb && i < szb_buf; buf[i] |= b, b <<= 1, nb--) ;
            n = (nsect > sz_buf) ? sz_buf : nsect;      /* Write the buffered data */
            if (disk_write(pdrv, buf, sect, n) != RES_OK) return FR_DISK_ERR;
            sect += n; nsect -= n;
        } while (nsect);

        /* Initialize the FAT */
        sect = b_fat; nsect = sz_fat;   /* Start of FAT and number of FAT sectors */
        j = nb = cl = 0;
        do {
            mem_set(buf, 0, szb_buf); i = 0;    /* Clear work area and reset write index */
            if (cl == 0) {  /* Set entry 0 and 1 */
                st_dword(buf + i, 0xFFFFFFF8); i += 4; cl++;
                st_dword(buf + i, 0xFFFFFFFF); i += 4; cl++;
            }
            do {            /* Create chains of bitmap, up-case and root dir */
                while (nb && i < szb_buf) {         /* Create a chain */
                    st_dword(buf + i, (nb > 1) ? cl + 1 : 0xFFFFFFFF);
                    i += 4; cl++; nb--;
                }
                if (!nb && j < 3) nb = tbl[j++];    /* Next chain */
            } while (nb && i < szb_buf);
            n = (nsect > sz_buf) ? sz_buf : nsect;  /* Write the buffered data */
            if (disk_write(pdrv, buf, sect, n) != RES_OK) return FR_DISK_ERR;
            sect += n; nsect -= n;
        } while (nsect);

        /* Initialize the root directory */
        mem_set(buf, 0, szb_buf);
        buf[SZDIRE * 0 + 0] = 0x83;     /* 83 entry (volume label) */
        buf[SZDIRE * 1 + 0] = 0x81;     /* 81 entry (allocation bitmap) */
        st_dword(buf + SZDIRE * 1 + 20, 2);
        st_dword(buf + SZDIRE * 1 + 24, szb_bit);
        buf[SZDIRE * 2 + 0] = 0x82;     /* 82 entry (up-case table) */
        st_dword(buf + SZDIRE * 2 + 4, sum);
        st_dword(buf + SZDIRE * 2 + 20, 2 + tbl[0]);
        st_dword(buf + SZDIRE * 2 + 24, szb_case);
        sect = b_data + au * (tbl[0] + tbl[1]); nsect = au; /* Start of the root directory and number of sectors */
        do {    /* Fill root directory sectors */
            n = (nsect > sz_buf) ? sz_buf : nsect;
            if (disk_write(pdrv, buf, sect, n) != RES_OK) return FR_DISK_ERR;
            mem_set(buf, 0, ss);
            sect += n; nsect -= n;
        } while (nsect);

        /* Create two set of the exFAT VBR blocks */
        sect = b_vol;
        for (n = 0; n < 2; n++) {
            /* Main record (+0) */
            mem_set(buf, 0, ss);
            mem_cpy(buf + BS_JmpBoot, "\xEB\x76\x90" "EXFAT   ", 11);   /* Boot jump code (x86), OEM name */
            st_dword(buf + BPB_VolOfsEx, b_vol);                    /* Volume offset in the physical drive [sector] */
            st_dword(buf + BPB_TotSecEx, sz_vol);                   /* Volume size [sector] */
            st_dword(buf + BPB_FatOfsEx, b_fat - b_vol);            /* FAT offset [sector] */
            st_dword(buf + BPB_FatSzEx, sz_fat);                    /* FAT size [sector] */
            st_dword(buf + BPB_DataOfsEx, b_data - b_vol);          /* Data offset [sector] */
            st_dword(buf + BPB_NumClusEx, n_clst);                  /* Number of clusters */
            st_dword(buf + BPB_RootClusEx, 2 + tbl[0] + tbl[1]);    /* Root dir cluster # */
            st_dword(buf + BPB_VolIDEx, GET_FATTIME());             /* VSN */
            st_word(buf + BPB_FSVerEx, 0x100);                      /* File system version (1.00) */
            for (buf[BPB_BytsPerSecEx] = 0, i = ss; i >>= 1; buf[BPB_BytsPerSecEx]++) ; /* Log2 of sector size [byte] */
            for (buf[BPB_SecPerClusEx] = 0, i = au; i >>= 1; buf[BPB_SecPerClusEx]++) ; /* Log2 of cluster size [sector] */
            buf[BPB_NumFATsEx] = 1;                 /* Number of FATs */
            buf[BPB_DrvNumEx] = 0x80;               /* Drive number (for int13) */
            st_word(buf + BS_BootCodeEx, 0xFEEB);   /* Boot code (x86) */
            st_word(buf + BS_55AA, 0xAA55);         /* Signature (placed here regardless of sector size) */
            for (i = sum = 0; i < ss; i++) {        /* VBR checksum */
                if (i != BPB_VolFlagEx && i != BPB_VolFlagEx + 1 && i != BPB_PercInUseEx) sum = xsum32(buf[i], sum);
            }
            if (disk_write(pdrv, buf, sect++, 1) != RES_OK) return FR_DISK_ERR;
            /* Extended bootstrap record (+1..+8) */
            mem_set(buf, 0, ss);
            st_word(buf + ss - 2, 0xAA55);  /* Signature (placed at end of sector) */
            for (j = 1; j < 9; j++) {
                for (i = 0; i < ss; sum = xsum32(buf[i++], sum)) ;  /* VBR checksum */
                if (disk_write(pdrv, buf, sect++, 1) != RES_OK) return FR_DISK_ERR;
            }
            /* OEM/Reserved record (+9..+10) */
            mem_set(buf, 0, ss);
            for ( ; j < 11; j++) {
                for (i = 0; i < ss; sum = xsum32(buf[i++], sum)) ;  /* VBR checksum */
                if (disk_write(pdrv, buf, sect++, 1) != RES_OK) return FR_DISK_ERR;
            }
            /* Sum record (+11) */
            for (i = 0; i < ss; i += 4) st_dword(buf + i, sum);     /* Fill with checksum value */
            if (disk_write(pdrv, buf, sect++, 1) != RES_OK) return FR_DISK_ERR;
        }

    } else
#endif  /* _FS_EXFAT */
    {   /* Create an FAT12/16/32 volume */
        do {
            pau = au;
            /* Pre-determine number of clusters and FAT sub-type */
            if (fmt == FS_FAT32) {  /* FAT32 volume */
                if (!pau) { /* au auto-selection */
                    n = sz_vol / 0x20000;   /* Volume size in unit of 128KS */
                    for (i = 0, pau = 1; cst32[i] && cst32[i] <= n; i++, pau <<= 1) ;   /* Get from table */
                }
                n_clst = sz_vol / pau;  /* Number of clusters */
                sz_fat = (n_clst * 4 + 8 + ss - 1) / ss;    /* FAT size [sector] */
                sz_rsv = 32;    /* Number of reserved sectors */
                sz_dir = 0;     /* No static directory */
                if (n_clst <= MAX_FAT16 || n_clst > MAX_FAT32) return FR_MKFS_ABORTED;
            } else {                /* FAT12/16 volume */
                if (!pau) { /* au auto-selection */
                    n = sz_vol / 0x1000;    /* Volume size in unit of 4KS */
                    for (i = 0, pau = 1; cst[i] && cst[i] <= n; i++, pau <<= 1) ;   /* Get from table */
                }
                n_clst = sz_vol / pau;
                if (n_clst > MAX_FAT12) {
                    n = n_clst * 2 + 4;     /* FAT size [byte] */
                } else {
                    fmt = FS_FAT12;
                    n = (n_clst * 3 + 1) / 2 + 3;   /* FAT size [byte] */
                }
                sz_fat = (n + ss - 1) / ss;     /* FAT size [sector] */
                sz_rsv = 1;                     /* Number of reserved sectors */
                sz_dir = (DWORD)n_rootdir * SZDIRE / ss;    /* Rootdir size [sector] */
            }
            b_fat = b_vol + sz_rsv;                     /* FAT base */
            b_data = b_fat + sz_fat * n_fats + sz_dir;  /* Data base */

            /* Align data base to erase block boundary (for flash memory media) */
            n = ((b_data + sz_blk - 1) & ~(sz_blk - 1)) - b_data;   /* Next nearest erase block from current data base */
            if (fmt == FS_FAT32) {      /* FAT32: Move FAT base */
                sz_rsv += n; b_fat += n;
            } else {                    /* FAT12/16: Expand FAT size */
                sz_fat += n / n_fats;
            }

            /* Determine number of clusters and final check of validity of the FAT sub-type */
            if (sz_vol < b_data + pau * 16 - b_vol) return FR_MKFS_ABORTED; /* Too small volume */
            n_clst = (sz_vol - sz_rsv - sz_fat * n_fats - sz_dir) / pau;
            if (fmt == FS_FAT32) {
                if (n_clst <= MAX_FAT16) {  /* Too few clusters for FAT32 */
                    if (!au && (au = pau / 2) != 0) continue;   /* Adjust cluster size and retry */
                    return FR_MKFS_ABORTED;
                }
            }
            if (fmt == FS_FAT16) {
                if (n_clst > MAX_FAT16) {   /* Too many clusters for FAT16 */
                    if (!au && (pau * 2) <= 64) {
                        au = pau * 2; continue;     /* Adjust cluster size and retry */
                    }
                    if ((opt & FM_FAT32)) {
                        fmt = FS_FAT32; continue;   /* Switch type to FAT32 and retry */
                    }
                    if (!au && (au = pau * 2) <= 128) continue; /* Adjust cluster size and retry */
                    return FR_MKFS_ABORTED;
                }
                if  (n_clst <= MAX_FAT12) { /* Too few clusters for FAT16 */
                    if (!au && (au = pau * 2) <= 128) continue; /* Adjust cluster size and retry */
                    return FR_MKFS_ABORTED;
                }
            }
            if (fmt == FS_FAT12 && n_clst > MAX_FAT12) return FR_MKFS_ABORTED;  /* Too many clusters for FAT12 */

            /* Ok, it is the valid cluster configuration */
            break;
        } while (1);

#if _USE_TRIM
        tbl[0] = b_vol; tbl[1] = b_vol + sz_vol - 1;    /* Inform the device the volume area can be erased */
        disk_ioctl(pdrv, CTRL_TRIM, tbl);
#endif
        /* Create FAT VBR */
        mem_set(buf, 0, ss);
        mem_cpy(buf + BS_JmpBoot, "\xEB\xFE\x90" "MSDOS5.0", 11);/* Boot jump code (x86), OEM name */
        st_word(buf + BPB_BytsPerSec, ss);              /* Sector size [byte] */
        buf[BPB_SecPerClus] = (BYTE)pau;                /* Cluster size [sector] */
        st_word(buf + BPB_RsvdSecCnt, (WORD)sz_rsv);    /* Size of reserved area */
        buf[BPB_NumFATs] = (BYTE)n_fats;                /* Number of FATs */
        st_word(buf + BPB_RootEntCnt, (WORD)((fmt == FS_FAT32) ? 0 : n_rootdir));   /* Number of root directory entries */
        if (sz_vol < 0x10000) {
            st_word(buf + BPB_TotSec16, (WORD)sz_vol);  /* Volume size in 16-bit LBA */
        } else {
            st_dword(buf + BPB_TotSec32, sz_vol);       /* Volume size in 32-bit LBA */
        }
        buf[BPB_Media] = 0xF8;                          /* Media descriptor byte */
        st_word(buf + BPB_SecPerTrk, 63);               /* Number of sectors per track (for int13) */
        st_word(buf + BPB_NumHeads, 255);               /* Number of heads (for int13) */
        st_dword(buf + BPB_HiddSec, b_vol);             /* Volume offset in the physical drive [sector] */
        if (fmt == FS_FAT32) {
            st_dword(buf + BS_VolID32, GET_FATTIME());  /* VSN */
            st_dword(buf + BPB_FATSz32, sz_fat);        /* FAT size [sector] */
            st_dword(buf + BPB_RootClus32, 2);          /* Root directory cluster # (2) */
            st_word(buf + BPB_FSInfo32, 1);             /* Offset of FSINFO sector (VBR + 1) */
            st_word(buf + BPB_BkBootSec32, 6);          /* Offset of backup VBR (VBR + 6) */
            buf[BS_DrvNum32] = 0x80;                    /* Drive number (for int13) */
            buf[BS_BootSig32] = 0x29;                   /* Extended boot signature */
            mem_cpy(buf + BS_VolLab32, "NO NAME    " "FAT32   ", 19);   /* Volume label, FAT signature */
        } else {
            st_dword(buf + BS_VolID, GET_FATTIME());    /* VSN */
            st_word(buf + BPB_FATSz16, (WORD)sz_fat);   /* FAT size [sector] */
            buf[BS_DrvNum] = 0x80;                      /* Drive number (for int13) */
            buf[BS_BootSig] = 0x29;                     /* Extended boot signature */
            mem_cpy(buf + BS_VolLab, "NO NAME    " "FAT     ", 19); /* Volume label, FAT signature */
        }
        st_word(buf + BS_55AA, 0xAA55);                 /* Signature (offset is fixed here regardless of sector size) */
        if (disk_write(pdrv, buf, b_vol, 1) != RES_OK) return FR_DISK_ERR;  /* Write it to the VBR sector */

        /* Create FSINFO record if needed */
        if (fmt == FS_FAT32) {
            disk_write(pdrv, buf, b_vol + 6, 1);        /* Write backup VBR (VBR + 6) */
            mem_set(buf, 0, ss);
            st_dword(buf + FSI_LeadSig, 0x41615252);
            st_dword(buf + FSI_StrucSig, 0x61417272);
            st_dword(buf + FSI_Free_Count, n_clst - 1); /* Number of free clusters */
            st_dword(buf + FSI_Nxt_Free, 2);            /* Last allocated cluster# */
            st_word(buf + BS_55AA, 0xAA55);
            disk_write(pdrv, buf, b_vol + 7, 1);        /* Write backup FSINFO (VBR + 7) */
            disk_write(pdrv, buf, b_vol + 1, 1);        /* Write original FSINFO (VBR + 1) */
        }

        /* Initialize FAT area */
        mem_set(buf, 0, (UINT)szb_buf);
        sect = b_fat;       /* FAT start sector */
        for (i = 0; i < n_fats; i++) {          /* Initialize FATs each */
            if (fmt == FS_FAT32) {
                st_dword(buf + 0, 0xFFFFFFF8);  /* Entry 0 */
                st_dword(buf + 4, 0xFFFFFFFF);  /* Entry 1 */
                st_dword(buf + 8, 0x0FFFFFFF);  /* Entry 2 (root directory) */
            } else {
                st_dword(buf + 0, (fmt == FS_FAT12) ? 0xFFFFF8 : 0xFFFFFFF8);   /* Entry 0 and 1 */
            }
            nsect = sz_fat;     /* Number of FAT sectors */
            do {    /* Fill FAT sectors */
                n = (nsect > sz_buf) ? sz_buf : nsect;
                if (disk_write(pdrv, buf, sect, (UINT)n) != RES_OK) return FR_DISK_ERR;
                mem_set(buf, 0, ss);
                sect += n; nsect -= n;
            } while (nsect);
        }

        /* Initialize root directory (fill with zero) */
        nsect = (fmt == FS_FAT32) ? pau : sz_dir;   /* Number of root directory sectors */
        do {
            n = (nsect > sz_buf) ? sz_buf : nsect;
            if (disk_write(pdrv, buf, sect, (UINT)n) != RES_OK) return FR_DISK_ERR;
            sect += n; nsect -= n;
        } while (nsect);
    }

    /* Determine system ID in the partition table */
    if (_FS_EXFAT && fmt == FS_EXFAT) {
        sys = 0x07;         /* HPFS/NTFS/exFAT */
    } else {
        if (fmt == FS_FAT32) {
            sys = 0x0C;     /* FAT32X */
        } else {
            if (sz_vol >= 0x10000) {
                sys = 0x06; /* FAT12/16 (>=64KS) */
            } else {
                sys = (fmt == FS_FAT16) ? 0x04 : 0x01;  /* FAT16 (<64KS) : FAT12 (<64KS) */
            }
        }
    }

    if (_MULTI_PARTITION && part != 0) {
        /* Update system ID in the partition table */
        if (disk_read(pdrv, buf, 0, 1) != RES_OK) return FR_DISK_ERR;   /* Read the MBR */
        buf[MBR_Table + (part - 1) * SZ_PTE + PTE_System] = sys;        /* Set system type */
        if (disk_write(pdrv, buf, 0, 1) != RES_OK) return FR_DISK_ERR;  /* Write it back to the MBR */
    } else {
        if (!(opt & FM_SFD)) {
            /* Create partition table in FDISK format */
            mem_set(buf, 0, ss);
            st_word(buf + BS_55AA, 0xAA55);     /* MBR signature */
            pte = buf + MBR_Table;              /* Create partition table for single partition in the drive */
            pte[PTE_Boot] = 0;                  /* Boot indicator */
            pte[PTE_StHead] = 1;                /* Start head */
            pte[PTE_StSec] = 1;                 /* Start sector */
            pte[PTE_StCyl] = 0;                 /* Start cylinder */
            pte[PTE_System] = sys;              /* System type */
            n = (b_vol + sz_vol) / (63 * 255);  /* (End CHS is incorrect) */
            pte[PTE_EdHead] = 254;              /* End head */
            pte[PTE_EdSec] = (BYTE)(n >> 2 | 63);   /* End sector */
            pte[PTE_EdCyl] = (BYTE)n;           /* End cylinder */
            st_dword(pte + PTE_StLba, b_vol);   /* Start offset in LBA */
            st_dword(pte + PTE_SizLba, sz_vol); /* Size in sectors */
            if (disk_write(pdrv, buf, 0, 1) != RES_OK) return FR_DISK_ERR;  /* Write it to the MBR */
        }
    }

    if (disk_ioctl(pdrv, CTRL_SYNC, 0) != RES_OK) return FR_DISK_ERR;

    return FR_OK;
}



#if _MULTI_PARTITION
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Create partition table on the physical drive                          */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

MEMSPACE
FRESULT f_fdisk (
    BYTE pdrv,          /* Physical drive number */
    const DWORD* szt,   /* Pointer to the size table for each partitions */
    void* work          /* Pointer to the working buffer */
)
{
    UINT i, n, sz_cyl, tot_cyl, b_cyl, e_cyl, p_cyl;
    BYTE s_hd, e_hd, *p, *buf = (BYTE*)work;
    DSTATUS stat;
    DWORD sz_disk, sz_part, s_part;


    stat = disk_initialize(pdrv);
    if (stat & STA_NOINIT) return FR_NOT_READY;
    if (stat & STA_PROTECT) return FR_WRITE_PROTECTED;
    if (disk_ioctl(pdrv, GET_SECTOR_COUNT, &sz_disk)) return FR_DISK_ERR;

    /* Determine the CHS without any care of the drive geometry */
    for (n = 16; n < 256 && sz_disk / n / 63 > 1024; n *= 2) ;
    if (n == 256) n--;
    e_hd = n - 1;
    sz_cyl = 63 * n;
    tot_cyl = sz_disk / sz_cyl;

    /* Create partition table */
    mem_set(buf, 0, _MAX_SS);
    p = buf + MBR_Table; b_cyl = 0;
    for (i = 0; i < 4; i++, p += SZ_PTE) {
        p_cyl = (szt[i] <= 100U) ? (DWORD)tot_cyl * szt[i] / 100 : szt[i] / sz_cyl;
        if (!p_cyl) continue;
        s_part = (DWORD)sz_cyl * b_cyl;
        sz_part = (DWORD)sz_cyl * p_cyl;
        if (i == 0) {   /* Exclude first track of cylinder 0 */
            s_hd = 1;
            s_part += 63; sz_part -= 63;
        } else {
            s_hd = 0;
        }
        e_cyl = b_cyl + p_cyl - 1;
        if (e_cyl >= tot_cyl) return FR_INVALID_PARAMETER;

        /* Set partition table */
        p[1] = s_hd;                        /* Start head */
        p[2] = (BYTE)((b_cyl >> 2) + 1);    /* Start sector */
        p[3] = (BYTE)b_cyl;                 /* Start cylinder */
        p[4] = 0x06;                        /* System type (temporary setting) */
        p[5] = e_hd;                        /* End head */
        p[6] = (BYTE)((e_cyl >> 2) + 63);   /* End sector */
        p[7] = (BYTE)e_cyl;                 /* End cylinder */
        st_dword(p + 8, s_part);            /* Start sector in LBA */
        st_dword(p + 12, sz_part);          /* Partition size */

        /* Next partition */
        b_cyl += p_cyl;
    }
    st_word(p, 0xAA55);

    /* Write it to the MBR */
    return (disk_write(pdrv, buf, 0, 1) != RES_OK || disk_ioctl(pdrv, CTRL_SYNC, 0) != RES_OK) ? FR_DISK_ERR : FR_OK;
}

#endif /* _MULTI_PARTITION */
#endif /* _USE_MKFS && !_FS_READONLY */




#if _USE_STRFUNC
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Get a string from the file                                            */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

MEMSPACE
TCHAR* f_gets (
    TCHAR* buff,    /* Pointer to the string buffer to read */
    int len,        /* Size of string buffer (characters) */
    FIL* fp         /* Pointer to the file object */
)
{
    int n = 0;
    TCHAR c, *p = buff;
    BYTE s[2];
    UINT rc;


    while (n < len - 1) {   /* Read characters until buffer gets filled */
#if _LFN_UNICODE
#if _STRF_ENCODE == 3       /* Read a character in UTF-8 */
        f_read(fp, s, 1, &rc);
        if (rc != 1) break;
        c = s[0];
        if (c >= 0x80) {
            if (c < 0xC0) continue; /* Skip stray trailer */
            if (c < 0xE0) {         /* Two-byte sequence */
                f_read(fp, s, 1, &rc);
                if (rc != 1) break;
                c = (c & 0x1F) << 6 | (s[0] & 0x3F);
                if (c < 0x80) c = '?';
            } else {
                if (c < 0xF0) {     /* Three-byte sequence */
                    f_read(fp, s, 2, &rc);
                    if (rc != 2) break;
                    c = c << 12 | (s[0] & 0x3F) << 6 | (s[1] & 0x3F);
                    if (c < 0x800) c = '?';
                } else {            /* Reject four-byte sequence */
                    c = '?';
                }
            }
        }
#elif _STRF_ENCODE == 2     /* Read a character in UTF-16BE */
        f_read(fp, s, 2, &rc);
        if (rc != 2) break;
        c = s[1] + (s[0] << 8);
#elif _STRF_ENCODE == 1     /* Read a character in UTF-16LE */
        f_read(fp, s, 2, &rc);
        if (rc != 2) break;
        c = s[0] + (s[1] << 8);
#else                       /* Read a character in ANSI/OEM */
        f_read(fp, s, 1, &rc);
        if (rc != 1) break;
        c = s[0];
        if (IsDBCS1(c)) {
            f_read(fp, s, 1, &rc);
            if (rc != 1) break;
            c = (c << 8) + s[0];
        }
        c = ff_convert(c, 1);   /* OEM -> Unicode */
        if (!c) c = '?';
#endif
#else                       /* Read a character without conversion */
        f_read(fp, s, 1, &rc);
        if (rc != 1) break;
        c = s[0];
#endif
        if (_USE_STRFUNC == 2 && c == '\r') continue;   /* Strip '\r' */
        *p++ = c;
        n++;
        if (c == '\n') break;       /* Break on EOL */
    }
    *p = 0;
    return n ? buff : 0;            /* When no data read (eof or error), return with error. */
}




#if !_FS_READONLY
#include <stdarg.h>
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Put a character to the file                                           */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

typedef struct {
    FIL *fp;        /* Ptr to the writing file */
    int idx, nchr;  /* Write index of buf[] (-1:error), number of chars written */
    BYTE buf[64];   /* Write buffer */
} putbuff;


MEMSPACE
static
void putc_bfd (     /* Buffered write with code conversion */
    putbuff* pb,
    TCHAR c
)
{
    UINT bw;
    int i;


    if (_USE_STRFUNC == 2 && c == '\n') {    /* LF -> CRLF conversion */
        putc_bfd(pb, '\r');
    }

    i = pb->idx;        /* Write index of pb->buf[] */
    if (i < 0) return;

#if _LFN_UNICODE
#if _STRF_ENCODE == 3           /* Write a character in UTF-8 */
    if (c < 0x80) {             /* 7-bit */
        pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)c;
    } else {
        if (c < 0x800) {        /* 11-bit */
            pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)(0xC0 | c >> 6);
        } else {                /* 16-bit */
            pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)(0xE0 | c >> 12);
            pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)(0x80 | (c >> 6 & 0x3F));
        }
        pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)(0x80 | (c & 0x3F));
    }
#elif _STRF_ENCODE == 2         /* Write a character in UTF-16BE */
    pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)(c >> 8);
    pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)c;
#elif _STRF_ENCODE == 1         /* Write a character in UTF-16LE */
    pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)c;
    pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)(c >> 8);
#else                           /* Write a character in ANSI/OEM */
    c = ff_convert(c, 0);   /* Unicode -> OEM */
    if (!c) c = '?';
    if (c >= 0x100)
        pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)(c >> 8);
    pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)c;
#endif
#else                           /* Write a character without conversion */
    pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)c;
#endif

    if (i >= (int)(sizeof pb->buf) - 3) {   /* Write buffered characters to the file */
        f_write(pb->fp, pb->buf, (UINT)i, &bw);
        i = (bw == (UINT)i) ? 0 : -1;
    }
    pb->idx = i;
    pb->nchr++;
}


MEMSPACE
static
int putc_flush (        /* Flush left characters in the buffer */
    putbuff* pb
)
{
    UINT nw;

    if (   pb->idx >= 0 /* Flush buffered characters to the file */
        && f_write(pb->fp, pb->buf, (UINT)pb->idx, &nw) == FR_OK
        && (UINT)pb->idx == nw) return pb->nchr;
    return EOF;
}


MEMSPACE
static
void putc_init (        /* Initialize write buffer */
    putbuff* pb,
    FIL* fp
)
{
    pb->fp = fp;
    pb->nchr = pb->idx = 0;
}



MEMSPACE
int f_putc (
    TCHAR c,    /* A character to be output */
    FIL* fp     /* Pointer to the file object */
)
{
    putbuff pb;


    putc_init(&pb, fp);
    putc_bfd(&pb, c);   /* Put the character */
    return putc_flush(&pb);
}




/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Put a string to the file                                              */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

MEMSPACE
int f_puts (
    const TCHAR* str,   /* Pointer to the string to be output */
    FIL* fp             /* Pointer to the file object */
)
{
    putbuff pb;


    putc_init(&pb, fp);
    while (*str) putc_bfd(&pb, *str++);     /* Put the string */
    return putc_flush(&pb);
}




/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Put a formatted string to the file                                    */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

MEMSPACE
int f_printf (
    FIL* fp,            /* Pointer to the file object */
    const TCHAR* fmt,   /* Pointer to the format string */
    ...                 /* Optional arguments... */
)
{
    va_list arp;
    putbuff pb;
    BYTE f, r;
    UINT i, j, w;
    DWORD v;
    TCHAR c, d, str[32], *p;


    putc_init(&pb, fp);

    va_start(arp, fmt);

    for (;;) {
        c = *fmt++;
        if (c == 0) break;          /* End of string */
        if (c != '%') {             /* Non escape character */
            putc_bfd(&pb, c);
            continue;
        }
        w = f = 0;
        c = *fmt++;
        if (c == '0') {             /* Flag: '0' padding */
            f = 1; c = *fmt++;
        } else {
            if (c == '-') {         /* Flag: left justified */
                f = 2; c = *fmt++;
            }
        }
        while (IsDigit(c)) {        /* Precision */
            w = w * 10 + c - '0';
            c = *fmt++;
        }
        if (c == 'l' || c == 'L') { /* Prefix: Size is long int */
            f |= 4; c = *fmt++;
        }
        if (!c) break;
        d = c;
        if (IsLower(d)) d -= 0x20;
        switch (d) {                /* Type is... */
        case 'S' :                  /* String */
            p = va_arg(arp, TCHAR*);
            for (j = 0; p[j]; j++) ;
            if (!(f & 2)) {
                while (j++ < w) putc_bfd(&pb, ' ');
            }
            while (*p) putc_bfd(&pb, *p++);
            while (j++ < w) putc_bfd(&pb, ' ');
            continue;
        case 'C' :                  /* Character */
            putc_bfd(&pb, (TCHAR)va_arg(arp, int)); continue;
        case 'B' :                  /* Binary */
            r = 2; break;
        case 'O' :                  /* Octal */
            r = 8; break;
        case 'D' :                  /* Signed decimal */
        case 'U' :                  /* Unsigned decimal */
            r = 10; break;
        case 'X' :                  /* Hexdecimal */
            r = 16; break;
        default:                    /* Unknown type (pass-through) */
            putc_bfd(&pb, c); continue;
        }

        /* Get an argument and put it in numeral */
        v = (f & 4) ? (DWORD)va_arg(arp, long) : ((d == 'D') ? (DWORD)(long)va_arg(arp, int) : (DWORD)va_arg(arp, unsigned int));
        if (d == 'D' && (v & 0x80000000)) {
            v = 0 - v;
            f |= 8;
        }
        i = 0;
        do {
            d = (TCHAR)(v % r); v /= r;
            if (d > 9) d += (c == 'x') ? 0x27 : 0x07;
            str[i++] = d + '0';
        } while (v && i < sizeof str / sizeof str[0]);
        if (f & 8) str[i++] = '-';
        j = i; d = (f & 1) ? '0' : ' ';
        while (!(f & 2) && j++ < w) putc_bfd(&pb, d);
        do putc_bfd(&pb, str[--i]); while (i);
        while (j++ < w) putc_bfd(&pb, d);
    }

    va_end(arp);

    return putc_flush(&pb);
}

#endif /* !_FS_READONLY */
#endif /* _USE_STRFUNC */