SC Shortname: Section Headings

Current:

2.4.10 Section Headings: Section headings are used to organize the content. (Level AAA)

Note 1: "Heading" is used in its general sense and includes titles and other ways to add a heading to different types of content.

Note 2: This success criterion covers sections within writing, not user interface components. User Interface components are covered under Success Criterion 4.1.2.

Proposed:

2.4.10 Section Headings: Section headings are provided that organize the content @@(Level AA)@@

Note 1: "Heading" is used in its general sense and includes titles and other ways to add a heading to different types of content.

Note 2: This success criterion covers sections within writing, not user interface components. User Interface components are covered under Success Criterion 4.1.2.

Suggestion for Priority Level:

AA

Related Glossary additions or changes

None

What Principle and Guideline the SC falls within.

Principle 2, Guideline 2.4

Description

The intent of this Success Criterion is to provide headings for all sections of a Web page. The current Success Criterion is included at Level AAA, however headings can be implemented as invisible by authors or hidden by a user and included when needed using personalization and semantics. The option to implement headings which are not necessarily visually displayed to any or all users, makes the suggested success criterion widely applicable and able to be included at level AA as opposed to AAA. For example, a long letter would often cover different topics, but putting headings into a letter would be strange, so they would only be visible on the user request or from personalization settings.

The main reason to upgrade the conformance level is to be consistent with user needs that are addressed across the different disabilities.

Benefits

Headings provide a roadmap for readers. They provide assistance in knowing what to expect and where to find information. This grouping of information within written content is helpful to guide readers and can be useful for users experiencing difficulty with language and reading comprehension. Readers with difficulty retaining focus can benefit as headings will help the user orientate themselves within the content of a page. User research shows that content created specifically for users with dyslexia tends to have well-structured text with headings, thereby reducing reading of irrelevant text.

It supports users who need a structure that is easy to follow by providing signposts for users to find the information they need.

 

Related Resources (optional)

Resources are for information purposes only, no endorsement implied.

Example issue papers

 

Testability

Procedure

  1. Determine the sections of a page
  2. Ensure that a visible or invisible heading exists for each defined section
  3. Each heading provides context for the section it is associated with

Expected Results

  • Step 2 and 3 are true

Techniques

  • H69: Providing heading elements at the beginning of each section of content
  • G141: Organizing a page using headings
  • Providing headers in multimedia
  • Providing headings that can be made visible or hidden by the user through personalization and using semantics
  • Headings can be invisible or hidden by the user and can be included when needed using personalization and semantics

working groups notes