Note that the HTML in the page needs to be adjusted. It will be done at a later draft.

SC Shortname: Visual Presentation

SC Text

Allow for the ability to easily adjust white space around objects and text, including boxes, paragraph headings, and content, to a degree that suits the user and does not disrupt the overall integrity of a web page.

Current:

1.4.8 Visual Presentation: For the visual presentation of blocks of text, a mechanism is available to achieve the following (Level AAA):

1.    Foreground and background colors can be selected by the user.

2.    Width is no more than 80 characters or glyphs (40 if CJK).

3.    Text is not justified (aligned to both the left and the right margins).

4.    Line spacing (leading) is at least space-and-a-half within paragraphs; and paragraph spacing is at least 1.5 times larger than the line spacing.

5.    Text can be resized, without assistive technology, up to 200 percent in a way that does not require a user to scroll horizontally to read a line of text on a full-screen window.

 

Proposed:

1.4.8 Visual Presentation: For the visual presentation of blocks of text and objects, a mechanism is available to achieve the following (Level AA):

1.    Foreground and background colors can be selected by the user.

2.    Width is no more than 80 characters or glyphs for Latin and Semitic based languages; or 40 for Chinese, Japanese, and Korean; or can be selected by the user.

3.    Text is not fully justified (aligned to both the left and the right margins), or justification can be set by the user.

4.    Line spacing (leading) is at least space-and-a-half within paragraphs; and paragraph spacing is at least 1.5 times larger than the line spacing.

5.    Text can be resized, without assistive technology, up to 200 percent in a way that does not require the user to scroll horizontally to read a line of text on a full-screen window.

6.    Increased line and border spacing can be added around blocks of text and objects, such that they can be increased up to 200% without loss of content or functionality.

Include https://www.w3.org/TR/UNDERSTANDING-WCAG20/visual-audio-contrast-visual-presentation.html

 

Suggestion for Priority Level (AA)

AA

As this can be enabled via personalization, it is widely applicable.

Related Glossary additions or changes

 

What Principle and Guideline the SC falls within.

Guideline 1.4 Distinguishable: Make it easier for users to see and hear content, including separating foreground from background.

Or under the personalization guideline

Description

White space, also described as negative space, reduces clutter and provides definition to content so that the viewer is given a clear overview of a web page. It is used by designers to enhance text and the position of objects on a page.

Benefits

Use of white space aids navigation through a page and improves readability. It can enhance tracking, where there is a considerable amount of text, and guides the user to important elements on a page. For those with cognitive impairments, it has been shown to ease reading difficulties and enable better comprehension of content.

The capability to adjust the amount of white space around objects and text supports the ability to identify important elements in the content of a web page.

Also see our Background research document.

 

Related Resources

“Accommodating-ASD-In-STEM.pdf”. Nathan W . Moon, PhD Robert L. T odd, M S David L. Morton, PhD Emily Ivey, M S.

See http://www.bdadyslexia.org.uk/about-dyslexia/further-information/dyslexia-style-guide.html

 Related Resources (optional)

Resources are for information purposes only. No endorsement is intended or implied.

 

Testability

 Each bulleted item in the success criteria is objective and can be verified.

Techniques

 

 F88: Failure of Success Criterion 1.4.8 due to using text that is justified (aligned to both the left and the right margins).

 

More information:

CSS/Properties/white-space https://www.w3.org/community/webed/wiki/CSS/Properties/white-space

The CSS layout model - boxes, borders, margins, padding.

https://www.w3.org/community/webed/wiki/The_CSS_layout_model_-_boxes_borders_margins_padding

Internationalization and white space https://www.w3.org/International/tests/html-css/white-space/results-white-space

"Careful control of whitespace is among a designer’s most important tools – and in the opinion of this author, the single most important. However, the degree of control over whitespace that brings high production values to a site design is absent from default browser stylesheets, which means that stylists typically make frequent use of the margin, border, padding, and other CSS layout properties explained in this article." https://www.w3.org/community/webed/wiki/The_CSS_layout_model_-_boxes_borders_margins_padding

 

Issue papers