The United Nations System Document Ontology (UNDO)

IRI:
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo
Version IRI:
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo/2017-06-01
Current version:
June 1, 2017
Previous version:
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo/2017-04-21 (visualise it with LODE)
Contributors:
HLCM Working Group on Document Standards of the United Nations
Silvio Peroni (http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0530-4305)
Imported Ontologies:
http://purl.org/spar/frbr (visualise it with LODE)
http://purl.org/spar/pwo (visualise it with LODE)
http://www.essepuntato.it/2012/04/tvc (visualise it with LODE)
http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/timeinterval.owl (visualise it with LODE)
http://www.w3.org/ns/oa# (visualise it with LODE)
https://w3id.org/akn/ontology/allot/2017-04-21 (visualise it with LODE)
This work is distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

Abstract

The United Nations System Document Ontology (UNDO) is an OWL 2 DL ontology that aims at providing a framework for the description of all entities and the relations that are explicitly or implicitly introduced within United Nations documents (normative documents, legal documents, etc.).

Table of Content

  1. Introduction
  2. Classes
  3. Object Properties
  4. Data Properties
  5. Named Individuals
  6. Namespace Declarations

Introduction

The parliamentary, normative and judicial documents published by the United Nations system of organizations, from now on “UN Documents”, are full of references to real-world objects and concepts, such as other documents, people, organizations, legal terms, and roles. Such entities are linked with the actual content of the document, even by means of different terms being the UN documents often issued in several official languages. The HLCM Working Group on Document Standards was tasked to define a common set of guidelines for the semantic mark-up of UN documents based on the [Akoma Ntoso standard](http://akomantoso.org) of the LegalDocumentML Technical Committee of the Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards (OASIS), which has defined an open document standard for parliamentary, legislative, administrative, executive, and judicial documents. The Akoma Ntoso ontology is centred on the concept of document, which is considered in a very precise way through the specification of the Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR) standard of the International Federation of Library Associations (IFLA). The Akoma Ntoso ontology structure is divided in two main categories: * document classes: focused on all entities that represent the different aspects of a document as intellectual creation, the forms (versions, translations, etc.) that it may take and its physical embodiment (PDF, XML, HTML, paper, etc.); * non-document classes: focused on two different aspects, namely who is responsible for the production of the content (organization, person, etc.) and what the content is about (concept, object, event, locations, roles, deliberation steps, etc.). For the document classes Akoma Ntoso has defined a set of prescriptive / canonical classes and sub-classes modelled on the FRBR conceptualization of documents. These classes are referred by with specific XML tags (prefixed by “FRBR”) in Akoma Ntoso documents. For non-document classes of parliamentary and legal matters, the Akoma Ntoso specifications rather than defining the ontology, which could be overly wide and all-encompassing due to rather huge and all-encompassing issues that legal and parliamentary documents deal with, specify a very broad set of general guidelines that an ontology should conform to in order to be used in conjunction with Akoma Ntoso documents. These informal guidelines are referred by with specific XML tags (prefixed by “TLC”) in Akoma Ntoso documents, each referring to a particular informal top level class (TLC), i.e. that is not defined by means of a formal language such as logics. The United Nations System Document Ontology (UNDO, https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo) is an OWL 2 DL ontology that aims at providing a framework for the formal description of all entities and the relations that can exist among them in UN Documents, description that is not provided by Akoma Ntoso. The idea behind the development of this model is to have a mechanism for sharing data about documents and their content in RDF format in an interchangeable way and, eventually, extended by the various agencies of the United Nations to meet their own domain specific requirements. It is worth mentioning that UNDO and the [official UN document describing it](https://w3id.org/un/document/undo) are living artefacts, and they have been drafted in the context of the HLCM Working Group on Document Standards under the technical supervision of [Silvio Peroni](https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0530-4305). They will be subject to regular updates to incorporate new developments and requirements. Currently, UNDO is able to describe the following entities: * documents and their versions (e.g. in different languages); * several relevant document types, organized in a taxonomy; * mentions to specific entities introduced in documents; * relations among entities (i.e. both documents and the entities they mention); * annotations, in order to link any RDF description to a particular document; * terms, i.e. tokens as they can appear in a text, and their semantics; * values that can change in time and context (such as agents’ roles and document statuses); * workflows and their executions. The following figure contains a [Graffoo diagram](http://www.essepuntato.it/graffoo) that provides an overview of the class and properties introduced in UNDO. ![A Graffoo diagram of UNDO](undo.png) The current version of the ontology imports several ontologies: * [ALLOT](https://w3id.org/akn/ontology/allot) provides a formal implementation of Akoma Ntoso Top Level Classes (TLCs) in OWL 2 DL, so as to make available a vocabulary for enabling the integration of heterogeneous legal knowledge-bases based on Akoma Ntoso documents; * [Publishing Workflow Ontology](http://purl.org/spar/pwo) provides a framework for characterising the main stages in the workflow associated with the publication of a document; * [Time-indexed Value in Context](http://www.essepuntato.it/2012/04/tvc) is an ontology pattern that allows one to describe scenarios in which someone (e.g., a person) has a value (e.g., a particular role) during a particular time and for a particular context; * [Time Interval](http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/timeinterval.owl) is an ontology pattern that enables the description of period of times characterised by a starting date and an ending date; * [Web Annotation Ontology](https://www.w3.org/ns/oa) is a set of RDF classes, predicates and named entities that are used by the [Web Annotation Data Model](https://www.w3.org/TR/annotation-model/) for creating annotations in RDF; In addition to these ontologies, UNDO is also aligned with entities defined in external ontologies and vocabularies, in particular: * [Dublin Core Metadata Terms](http://purl.org/dc/terms/) is an ontology implementing all the metadata terms maintained by the Dublin Core Metadata Initiative, including properties, vocabulary encoding schemes, syntax encoding schemes, and classes; * [FaBiO](http://purl.org/spar/fabio) is an ontology for recording and publishing on the Semantic Web bibliographic records of scholarly endeavours; * [FOAF](http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/) is an ontology for describing people and their relations with other people, documents, and other information objects; * [FRBR DL](http://purl.org/spar/frbr) is an expression in OWL 2 DL of the basic concepts and relations described in the IFLA report on the [Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR)](http://www.ifla.org/publications/functional-requirements-for-bibliographic-records), also described in [Ian Davis's RDF vocabulary](http://vocab.org/frbr/core); * [ISO 639-1](http://id.loc.gov.vocabulary/iso693-1) is a vocabulary describing the first part of the ISO 639 international-standard language-code family; * [LKIF Core: Action](http://www.estrellaproject.org/lkif-core/action.owl) is an ontology for representing actions in general, i.e. processes which are performed by some agent; * [LKIF Core: Role](http://www.estrellaproject.org/lkif-core/role.owl) is an ontology for describing typology of roles (epistemic roles, functions, person roles, organisation roles); * [PRO](http://purl.org/spar/pro) is an ontology describing possible roles in the publication process, or in other scholarly activities or situations, held by particular agent; * [PSO](http://purl.org/spar/pso) is an ontology for characterizing the publication status of a document or other publication entity at each of the various stages in the publishing process; * [SKOS](https://www.w3.org/TR/skos-reference/) is a common data model for sharing and linking knowledge organization systems via the Web. A full version of UNDO, where all the aforementioned ontologies have been imported formally within the ontology, is available at https://w3id.org/akn/ontology/undo-imports, so as to enable advanced automatic reasoning and classification. In addition, it is also aligned to two important foundational ontologies, i.e. the [Basic Formal Ontology (BFO)](http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/2.0/bfo.owl) and the [Descriptive Ontology for Linguistic and Cognitive Engineering (DOLCE)](http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl). This alignment is crucial since it enables a reusability of the model in different contexts and domains (e.g. BFO is already used in several models adopted by the United Nations), and it also provides a methodological organization of all the entities introduced in UNDO. The next subsections provide a quick overview of all the entities defined, some exemple of usage, and the query that UNDO can answer. ### Documents and their versions Several existing models have tried to explain the difference between documents and their versions. By means of ALLOT – which in turn uses a well-known and robust model for characterizing bibliographic metadata, the Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR) – UNDO separates documents (e.g. UN resolution A/RES/50/100) and versions (e.g. language versions) in two specific and distinct layers, characterized by two classes: `undo:Document` and `undo:DocumentVersion`. On the one hand, following the FRBR classification, the former class maps on the FRBR Work level, and it describes the document essence, independently from the revisions and/or translations that can characterizes it in time. On the other hand, the class for document versions maps on the FRBR Expression level, and it is used for pointing to specific realizations of a document characterized by a particular and fixed content. For instance, a draft in English, an amended version of that draft, a translation in French are all different versions (i.e. FRBR Expressions) of the same document (i.e. FRBR Work). There are four properties available in UNDO that can be used for defining relations among these classes: * property `allot:hasRealization`, which links a document with its versions; * property `frbr:revision`, which links a specific version to another version of it (e.g. a draft that has been amended and revised) – it is possible to add appropriate information concerning which document produced the revision, when the new revision is effective, and the list of the revisions produced by means of some of the models that have been aligned/imported by UNDO, i.e. PWO and FaBiO; * property `dcterms:language`, which allows one to specify the language associated to the specific version in consideration – the link between translations in different languages can be linked by means of the property `frbr:translation` defined in FRBR DL to which UNDO aligns; * property `frbr:transformation`, used for describing documents that are transformed somehow in another original document (even of another type – see the following section) in a sufficient degree to warrant their being considered as new works (e.g. when the General Assembly publish a new resolution from a draft provided by someone). It is worth mentioning that, in case it is needed, the characterization of the document components should be handled by means of the Document Components Ontology (DoCO, http://purl.org/spar/doco). ### Document types While, on the one hand, the dichotomy between documents and their versions is an important aspect to address, on the other hand it is also crucial to provide an appropriate taxonomy of defining document types, so as to allow one to describe them appropriately. In UNDO, the class `undo:Document` includes several subclasses taking care of providing appropriate descriptions for the main United Nations documents (`undo:Resolution`, `undo:Constitution`, `undo:Standard`, etc.). Each document type is accompanied by a natural language description clarifying its role. ### Documents mentioning other entities The parliamentary, normative and legal documents published by the United Nations System of Organizations are full of references to real-world objects and concepts, such as other documents, people, organizations, legal terms, and roles. UNDO makes available the property `allot:mentions` for linking a document (or one specific version of it) to a particular entity (defined by the class `allot:Reference`) that is mentioned within (e.g. that the resolution A/RES/50/100 mentions the Government of Turkey). This property allows one to build a sophisticated network of references to entities that enables the cross-navigation between documents and other related resources. ### Relations While the aforementioned property is important, on the one hand, it does not allow one to specify the particular semantics justifying a particular mention of an entity in a document – e.g., recalling the example in the previous section, the reasons why the resolution A/RES/50/100 mentions the Government of Turkey. On the other hand, other relevant relations between non-document entities, that are by reading the natural language argumentations carried by the document content, cannot be described – e.g. the sentence of the aforementioned resolution where “the General Assembly reiterates its gratitude to the Government of Turkey”. Since it is not possible to define all the kinds of relations that could be hidden behind the content of any United Nations document, UNDO makes available a mechanism for defining such relations in a flexible way without changing the actual terminological specification of the ontology, i.e. its TBox. Thus we have chosen to define relations between entities by means of a particular class, i.e. `undo:Relation`, so as to enable the specification of the semantics of such relations by using individuals of the class `allot:Concept`. This approach is quite robust, since if one need a new semantics for a relation s/he has only to add a new individual to the class allot:Concept, thus modifying only the ABox of the ontology and, implicitly, reducing the chances of introducing inconsistencies. In addition, this approach is very flexible, since it allows one to extend the set of relations applicable between entities every time there is a specific need. In particular, the properties that can be used with the instances of the class undo:Relation are introduced as follows: * the property `undo:hasProponent`, which is used for identifying the subject entity of a relation (e.g. the “General Assembly” described in the sentence “the General Assembly reiterates its gratitude to the Government of Turkey”); * the property `undo:hasReceiver`, which is used for identifying the object entity of a relation (e.g. the “Government of Turkey”, in the previous example); * the property `undo:hasSemantics`, which is used for specifying the particular concept defining the semantics of the relation. ### Annotations to documents By reading a document content, several people can derive different (even contrasting) interpretations upon the same text. For instance, the same sentence, e.g. “Encourages all relevant non-governmental organizations […] to participate in and contribute to the Conference” can be read as an invitation or as a reproach for having not doing any action yet. Therefore, it is important to have some mechanism for allowing the existence of all these different interpretations in a way that is understandable and still consistent from an ontological perspective. For this reason, UNDO reuses the framework defined in the Web Annotation Ontology that allows one to annotate documents (or even portions of them) by means of another entity, such as a relation as introduced in the previous subsection. In particular, every annotation in UNDO is defined as an individual of the class undo:Annotation, and the following properties are used to linking an entity to the document its annotate: * the property `oa:hasBody` is used to specify the body of the annotation to be attached to the document; * the property `oa:hasTarget` is used to indicate the particular document (described according to any of the available FRBR levels) to which the annotation is specified. In addition, each document (or any of its parts) can be explicitly annotated (using instances of `undo:Annotation`) by someone with all these relations in order to create a formal connection between the text and the entities its introduces. ### Terms and their semantics Broadly speaking, terms are words or groups of words whose meanings are defined in a formal and precise manner by means of specific concepts. Thus, terms can refer to nouns (e.g. “computer keyboard”), verbs (e.g. “decide”), persons (e.g. “John”), cities (e.g. “New York”), etc., they can share the same textual content while being polysemous (e.g. the city “Paris” and the person “Paris”), they can refer to the same meaning (e.g. the third person verb “decides” in English and its related in Spanish, “decide”), and so on. In UNDO the class `allot:Term` is used to define terms, while the property `undo:hasRelatedConcept` enables one to link a term to the concept (introduced by the class `allot:Concept`) defining the meaning of the term in consideration. ### Values, time and context Several kinds of objects can be involved in situations (undo:ValueInTimeAndContext) describing them as holding a certain value (tvc:withValue) associated for a specific interval (tvc:atTime) or according to a specific context (tvc:withinContext). For instance, agents having a particular role (e.g. being the President of the United Nations General Assembly for the whole 2016) or documents holding particular status (e.g. a document that has been under-review from September 2016 to October 2016) in a specific time and/or related to a particular context are examples for these situations. In UNDO these situations can be described by means of the class `undo:ValueInTimeAndContext`, which introduces the framework defined by the Time-indexed Value in Time (TVC) ontology pattern for defining in details all the aforementioned temporal and contextual aspects. In particular, it allows one to specify: * the entity holding such value (e.g. an agent or a document) by means of the property `tvc:hasValue`; * the value held (e.g. a role or a status) by means of the property `tvc:withValue`; * the time defining when such value is held (e.g. from 2006 to 2015) using the property `tvc:atTime`; * the context to which the scenario applies (e.g. the United Nations General Assembly) using the property `tvc:withinContext`. ### Workflows and their executions Keeping track of the processes concerning the creation and modification of documents is a crucial task to address in the legal and legislative domain. Each of these processes, commonly called workflow, is actually composed by a sequence of steps. Each step is responsible to produce some outputs (e.g. a review) starting from some inputs (e.g. a document). In UNDO, workflows can be described from two different points of view, by reusing the framework implemented in the Publishing Workflow Ontology (PWO). On the one hand, there is the declaration of the workflow schema, or simply the workflow (`undo:Workflow`), which is how a specific process (e.g. the publication of a document) is organized in sequential steps (`undo:Step`), where each step: * has a specific type (property `undo:hasStepType`); * needs some input (property `pwo:needs`); * produces a particular output (property `pwo:produces`). On the other hand, each particular execution of a workflow (undo:WorkflowExecution) is a specific entity per se, it is usually composed by sets of actions (undo:Action), and each action: * addresses (part of) a particular step defined in the workflow in consideration (property taskex:executesTask); * involves entities as participants (`part:hasParticipant`); * is executed within a particular interval (`pwo:happened`). It is worth mentioning that this module of UNDO is able to describe the full characterization that Akoma Ntoso provides in its specification about document workflows and lifecycles – the latter by means of the class `undo:Lifecycle`. ### Example of use UNDO can be used for modelling several scenarios that are typical to the documents published by the United Nations (e.g. UN Resolutions). In the following subsections we introduce some of them, and we accompany them with exemplar instantiations. The prefixes that are used in all the examples provided below are defined as follows: @prefix : <https://w3id.org/akn/data/undo/> . @prefix undo: <https://w3id.org/akn/ontology/undo/> . @prefix allot: <https://w3id.org/akn/ontology/allot/> . @prefix owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#> . @prefix dcterms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/> . @prefix lan: <http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/iso639-1/> . @prefix oa: <http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#> . @prefix part: <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/participation.owl#> . @prefix pwo: <http://purl.org/spar/pwo/> . @prefix taskex: <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/taskexecution.owl#> . @prefix ti: <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/timeinterval.owl#> . @prefix frbr: <http://purl.org/vocab/frbr/core#> . @prefix tvc: <http://www.essepuntato.it/2012/04/tvc/> . #### Scenario 1 In the preface of the UN resolution A/RES/50/100 of 2 February 1996 there are references to: 1. the UN resolution A/RES/47/180 of 22 December 1992; 2. the Government of Turkey; 3. the United Nations Conference on Human Settlements (Habitat II). ``` :a-res-50-100-1996-02-02 a undo:Resolution ; allot:mentions :a-res-47-180-1992-12-22 , :government-of-turkey , :habitat-ii . :a-res-47-180-1992-12-22 a undo:Resolution . :government-of-turkey a allot:Organization . :habitat-ii a allot:Event . ``` #### Scenario 2 According to the content of the UN resolution A/RES/50/100 of 2 February 1996, the General Assembly: 1. recalls the resolution A/RES/47/180 of 22 December 1992; 2. reiterates its gratitude to the Government of Turkey; 3. notes the progress that has been made so far in the preparations for the United Nations Conference on Human Settlements (Habitat II). ``` :a-res-50-100-1996-02-02 a undo:Resolution . :a-res-47-180-1992-12-22 a undo:Resolution . :general-assembly a allot:Organization . :organization a allot:Organization . :government-of-turkey a allot:Organization . :habitat-ii a allot:Event . :recall a allot:Concept . :reiterate-its-gratitude a allot:Concept . :note-the-progress a allot:Concept . # This relation describes the General Assembly recalling the 
# resolution A/RES/47/180. :relation-1 a undo:Relation ; undo:hasProponent :general-assembly ; undo:hasSemantics :recall ; undo:hasReceiver :a-res-47-180-1992-12-22 . # This relation describes the General Assembly reiterating its gratitude 
# to the Government of Turkey. :relation-2 a undo:Relation ; undo:hasProponent :general-assembly ; undo:hasSemantics :reiterate-its-gratitude ; undo:hasReceiver :government-of-turkey . # This relation describes the General Assembly noting the progress for the 
# preparation of Habitat II. :relation-3 a undo:Relation ; undo:hasProponent :general-assembly ; undo:hasSemantics :note-the-progress ; undo:hasReceiver :habitat-ii . # The following are a three annotations that attached the aforementioned
 # relations to the resolution A/RES/50/100 from which they have been 
# extracted. :annotation-1-a-res-50-100-1996-02-02 a undo:Annotation ; oa:hasBody :relation-1 ; oa:hasTarget :a-res-50-100-1996-02-02 . :annotation-2-a-res-50-100-1996-02-02 a undo:Annotation ; oa:hasBody :relation-2 ; oa:hasTarget :a-res-50-100-1996-02-02 . :annotation-3-a-res-50-100-1996-02-02 a undo:Annotation ; oa:hasBody :relation-3 ; oa:hasTarget :a-res-50-100-1996-02-02 . ``` #### Scenario 3 The UN resolution A/RES/50/100 has been published in six different languages. The term "decides" has been used twice in the English version, and, in parallel, the term "decide" has been used twice in the Spanish version. Both the terms actually refers to the same higher-level concept of taking a decision, even if this aspect has not been made formally explicit in the document itself. ``` # The resolution A/RES/50/100 that has been made available in two different # versions according to two languages. :a-res-50-100-1996-02-02 a undo:Resolution ; allot:hasRealization :a-res-50-100-1996-02-02-en , :a-res-50-100-1996-02-02-es . # The English version of the resolution. :a-res-50-100-1996-02-02-en a undo:DocumentVersion ; dcterms:language lan:en . # The Spanish version of the resolution. :a-res-50-100-1996-02-02-es a undo:DocumentVersion ; dcterms:language lan:es . # The definition of an English term describing the concept of # ‘taking a decision’ and two distinct annotation that attach it # to the same English version of the resolution – since the term # appears twice in the document. :decides a allot:Term ; undo:hasRelatedConcept :taking-a-decision . :annotation-1-a-res-50-100-1996-02-02-en a undo:Annotation ; oa:hasBody :decides ; oa:hasTarget :a-res-50-100-1996-02-02-en . :annotation-2-a-res-50-100-1996-02-02-en a undo:Annotation ; oa:hasBody :decides ; oa:hasTarget :a-res-50-100-1996-02-02-en . # A similar description of the previous term, but by means of its Spanish # translation. :decide a allot:Term ; undo:hasRelatedConcept :taking-a-decision . :annotation-1-a-res-50-100-1996-02-02-es a undo:Annotation ; oa:hasBody :decide ; oa:hasTarget :a-res-50-100-1996-02-02-es . :annotation-2-a-res-50-100-1996-02-02-es a undo:Annotation ; oa:hasBody :decide ; oa:hasTarget :a-res-50-100-1996-02-02-es . :taking-a-decision a allot:Concept . ``` #### Scenario 4 Giorgio Napolitano has been President of Italy for the first time from the 15th of May 2006 to the 22th of April 2013, when he resigned. He has been elected again on the 22th of April 2013, and he has been President of Italy for the second time by the 14th of January 2015, when he resigned for the second time. He has been substituted by Sergio Mattarella, who starts his mandate as President of Italy on the 3rd of February 2015, formerly judge of the Constitutional Court of Italy from the 11th of October 2011 to the 2nd of February 2015. ``` # Giorgio Napolitano who has been President of Italy in two distinct periods: # the first one from 2006 to 2013, and the second one from 2013 to 2015. :giorgio-napolitano a undo:Agent ; tvc:hasValue :giorgio-napolitano-president-of-italy-2006-2013 , :giorgio-napolitano-president-of-italy-2013-2015 . # First mandate of Giorgio Napolitano as President of Italy. :giorgio-napolitano-president-of-italy-2006-2013 a undo:ValueInTimeAndContext ; tvc:withValue :president ; tvc:atTime :2006-2013 ; tvc:withinContext :italy . # Second mandate of Giorgio Napolitano as President of Italy. :giorgio-napolitano-president-of-italy-2013-2015 a undo:ValueInTimeAndContext ; tvc:withValue :president ; tvc:atTime :2013-2015 ; tvc:withinContext :italy . :president a allot:Role . # The intervals defining the two mandates of Giorgio Napolitano as # President of Italy. :2006-2013 a undo:Interval ; ti:hasIntervalStartDate "2006-05-15T00:00:00"^^xsd:dateTime ; ti:hasIntervalEndDate "2013-04-22T00:00:00"^^xsd:dateTime . :2013-2015 a undo:Interval ; ti:hasIntervalStartDate "2013-04-22T00:00:00"^^xsd:dateTime ; ti:hasIntervalEndDate "2015-01-14T00:00:00"^^xsd:dateTime . :italy a allot:Reference . # Sergio Mattarella in relation to its roles of judge of the Constitutional # Court of Italy before becoming President of Italy in 2015. :sergio-mattarella a undo:Agent ; tvc:hasValue :sergio-mattarella-judge-constitutional-court-of-italy-2011-2015 , :sergio-mattarella-president-of-italy-since-2015. # Sergio Mattarella acting as a judge. :sergio-mattarella-judge-constitutional-court-of-italy-2011-2015 a undo:ValueInTimeAndContext ; tvc:withValue :judge ; tvc:atTime :2011-2015 ; tvc:withinContext :constitutional-court-of-italy . # Sergio Mattarella acting as President of Italy. :sergio-mattarella-president-of-italy-since-2015 a undo:ValueInTimeAndContext ; tvc:withValue :president ; tvc:atTime :since-2015 ; tvc:withinContext :italy . # The intervals related to Sergio Mattarella’s roles. :2011-2015 a undo:Interval ; ti:hasIntervalStartDate "2011-10-11T00:00:00"^^xsd:dateTime ; ti:hasIntervalEndDate "2015-02-03T00:00:00"^^xsd:dateTime . :since-2015 a undo:Interval ; ti:hasIntervalStartDate "2015-02-03T00:00:00"^^xsd:dateTime . :constitutional-court-of-italy a allot:Reference . :judge a allot:Role . ``` #### Scenario 5 A document has been in drafting from the 14th of May to the 14th of June 2016. Then, it has been under revision for the following two months, and finally published on the 1st of September 2016. ``` # The three statuses associated to the document. :a-document a undo:Document ; tvc:hasValue :document-in-drafting , :document-under-revision , :document-published . # The status of being in drafting. :document-in-drafting a undo:ValueInTimeAndContext ; tvc:withValue :in-drafting ; tvc:atTime :in-drafting-interval . # The status of being under revision. :document-under-revision a undo:ValueInTimeAndContext ; tvc:withValue :under-revision ; tvc:atTime :under-revision-interval . # The status of being published. :document-published a undo:ValueInTimeAndContext ; tvc:withValue :published ; tvc:atTime :published-interval . # The intervals defining how long the aforementioned status have been 
 # assigned to the document in consideration. :in-drafting-interval a undo:Interval ; ti:hasIntervalStartDate "2016-05-14T00:00:00"^^xsd:dateTime ; ti:hasIntervalEndDate "2016-06-14T00:00:00"^^xsd:dateTime . :under-revision-interval a undo:Interval ; ti:hasIntervalStartDate "2016-06-14T00:00:00"^^xsd:dateTime ; ti:hasIntervalEndDate "2016-08-14T00:00:00"^^xsd:dateTime . :published-interval a undo:Interval ; ti:hasIntervalStartDate "2016-09-01T00:00:00"^^xsd:dateTime . :in-drafting a undo:Status . :under-revision a undo:Status . :published a undo:Status . ``` #### Scenario 6 The publication of a document should go through four phases, or steps: 1. writing, which will produce a document; 2. review, that will produce comments starting from the input document; 3. revision, that will produce a new version of the previous document corrected considering the comments produced by the previous step; 4. publication, which will assign the "published" status to that document. ``` # The four steps composing the workflow. :publication a undo:Workflow ; pwo:hasStep :step-1 , :step-2 , :step-3 , :step-4 . # The definition of each step according to its type, including the link to
 # the other step that follows the one in consideration (in any). :step-1 a undo:Step ; undo:hasStepType :write ; pwo:hasNextStep :step-2 . :write a undo:StepType . :step-2 a undo:Step ; undo:hasStepType :review ; pwo:hasNextStep :step-3 . :review a undo:StepType . :step-3 a undo:Step ; undo:hasStepType :revise ; pwo:hasNextStep :step-4 . :revise a undo:StepType . :step-4 a undo:Step ; undo:hasStepType :publish . :publish a undo:StepType . ``` #### Scenario 7 The Assistant of a Representative writes the first draft of a resolution from the 1st of March 2017 to the 5th of March 2017. On the 7th of March, the Representative revises it, and extends the introduction. From the 9th of March to the 10th of March, Assistant of the Representative finalises the document. On the 11th of March, the State Member makes it available for review. On the 12th of March, the Office of the Presidency of the General Assembly read the draft. From the 13th of March to the 20th of March, the Office of the Presidency of the General Assembly writes a comment highlighting issues. The comment is then made available to the President of the General Assembly on the 21st of March. From the 22nd to the 27th of March, the Committee Number 1 revises the draft and addresses the main issues raised by the Office of the Presidency of the General Assembly. On the 28th, the draft is sent to the General Assembly. The General Assembly approves and publishes the resolution on the 31st of March. ``` # A document that will become a resolution after the workflow execution, # accompanied by all the versions that have been created during the process. :future-resolution a undo:Document ; allot:hasRealization :assistant-first-draft-resolution , :member-rep-extended-introduction-first-draft , :final-first-draft , :revised-draft . # The first draft created by the assistant of the representative, and # the related action of writing it. :assistant-member-rep a undo:Agent . :assistant-first-draft-resolution a undo:DocumentVersion . :2017-03-01_05 a undo:Interval ; ti:hasIntervalStartDate "2017-03-01T00:00:00"^^xsd:dateTime ; ti:hasIntervalEndDate "2017-03-05T23:59:59"^^xsd:dateTime . :writing-first-draft a undo:Action ; taskex:executesTask :step-1 ; part:hasParticipant :assistant-member-rep , :assistant-first-draft-resolution ; pwo:happened :2017-03-01_05 . # The revision proposed by the representative, who extended # the previous draft. :member-rep a undo:Agent . :assistant-first-draft-resolution frbr:revision :member-rep-extended-introduction-first-draft . :member-rep-extended-introduction-first-draft a undo:DocumentVersion . :2017-03-07 a undo:Interval ; ti:hasIntervalStartDate "2017-03-07T00:00:00"^^xsd:dateTime ; ti:hasIntervalEndDate "2017-03-07T23:59:59"^^xsd:dateTime . :extending-first-draft a undo:Action ; taskex:executesTask :step-1 ; part:hasParticipant :member-rep , :assistant-first-draft-resolution , :member-rep-extended-introduction-first-draft ; pwo:happened :2017-03-07 . # The submission of the draft by the state member to the General Assembly. :member-rep-extended-introduction-first-draft frbr:revision :final-first-draft . :final-first-draft a undo:DocumentVersion . :2017-03-09_10 a undo:Interval ; ti:hasIntervalStartDate "2017-03-09T00:00:00"^^xsd:dateTime ; ti:hasIntervalEndDate "2017-03-10T23:59:59"^^xsd:dateTime . :revision-first-draft a undo:Action ; taskex:executesTask :step-1 ; part:hasParticipant :assistant-member-rep , :member-rep-extended-introduction-first-draft , :final-first-draft ; pwo:happened :2017-03-09_10 . :member a undo:Agent . :2017-03-11 a undo:Interval ; ti:hasIntervalStartDate "2017-03-11T00:00:00"^^xsd:dateTime ; ti:hasIntervalEndDate "2017-03-11T23:59:59"^^xsd:dateTime . :making-available-first-draft a undo:Action ; taskex:executesTask :step-1 ; part:hasParticipant :member , :final-first-draft ; pwo:happened :2017-03-11 . :step-1 pwo:produces :final-first-draft . # The reading done by the Office of the Presidency of the General Assembly # to the draft submitted. :office-presidency-ga a undo:Agent . :2017-03-12 a undo:Interval ; ti:hasIntervalStartDate "2017-03-12T00:00:00"^^xsd:dateTime ; ti:hasIntervalEndDate "2017-03-12T23:59:59"^^xsd:dateTime . :reading-final-first-draft a undo:Action ; taskex:executesTask :step-2 ; part:hasParticipant :office-presidency-ga , :final-first-draft ; pwo:happened :2017-03-12 . # The creation of a comment that explains issues and proposes modification # to the submitted draft. :2017-03-13_20 a undo:Interval ; ti:hasIntervalStartDate "2017-03-13T00:00:00"^^xsd:dateTime ; ti:hasIntervalEndDate "2017-03-20T23:59:59"^^xsd:dateTime . :comment a undo:Document ; allot:hasRealization :comment-content . :comment-content a undo:DocumentVersion . :writing-comment a undo:Action ; taskex:executesTask :step-2 ; part:hasParticipant :office-presidency-ga , :final-first-draft , :comment-content ; pwo:happened :2017-03-13_20 . # The comment is made available by the President of the General Assembly. :president-ga a undo:Agent . :2017-03-21 a undo:Interval ; ti:hasIntervalStartDate "2017-03-12T00:00:00"^^xsd:dateTime ; ti:hasIntervalEndDate "2017-03-12T23:59:59"^^xsd:dateTime . :making-available-comment a undo:Action ; taskex:executesTask :step-2 ; part:hasParticipant :office-presidency-ga , :president-ga , :comment-content ; pwo:happened :2017-03-21 . :step-2 pwo:needs :final-first-draft ; pwo:produces :comment-content . # The Committee 1 revising the draft according to the comment. :committee-1 a undo:Agent . :final-first-draft frbr:revision :revised-draft . :revised-draft a undo:DocumentVersion . :2017-03-22_27 a undo:Interval ; ti:hasIntervalStartDate "2017-03-22T00:00:00"^^xsd:dateTime ; ti:hasIntervalEndDate "2017-03-27T23:59:59"^^xsd:dateTime . :revision-final-first-draft a undo:Action ; taskex:executesTask :step-3 ; part:hasParticipant :committee-1 , :final-first-draft , :comment , :revised-draft ; pwo:happened :2017-03-22_27 . # The Committee 1 that sends the revision o the General Assembly. :ga a undo:Agent . :2017-03-28 a undo:Interval ; ti:hasIntervalStartDate "2017-03-28T00:00:00"^^xsd:dateTime ; ti:hasIntervalEndDate "2017-03-28T23:59:59"^^xsd:dateTime . :sending-revision a undo:Action ; taskex:executesTask :step-3 ; part:hasParticipant :committee-1 , :revised-draft , :ga ; pwo:happened :2017-03-28 . :step-3 pwo:needs :final-first-draft , :comment ; pwo:produces :revised-draft . # The draft resolution is reconfigured as a proper resolution, that is thus # published by the General Assembly. :future-resolution frbr:transformation :resolution . :resolution a undo:Resolution ; allot:hasRealization :resolution-text . :resolution-text a undo:DocumentVersion . :2017-03-31 a undo:Interval ; ti:hasIntervalStartDate "2017-03-31T00:00:00"^^xsd:dateTime ; ti:hasIntervalEndDate "2017-03-31T23:59:59"^^xsd:dateTime . :approving-and-publishing-resolution a undo:Action ; taskex:executesTask :step-4 ; part:hasParticipant :revised-draft , :resolution-text , :ga ; pwo:happened :2017-03-31 . :step-4 pwo:needs :revised-draft ; pwo:produces :resolution-text . # The definition of the workflow execution, including all the actions # that have been performed. :publication-execution a undo:WorkflowExecution ; pwo:executes :publication ; pwo:involvesAction :writing-first-draft , :extending-first-draft , :revision-first-draft , :making-available-first-draft , :reading-final-first-draft , :writing-comment , :making-available-comment , :revision-final-first-draft , :sending-revision , :approving-and-publishing-resolution . ``` ### Competency questions UNDO can be used for answering several questions related to the content of the documents published by the United Nations (e.g. UN Resolutions). In the following subsections we introduce some of them, and we accompany them with exemplar SPARQL queries. The prefixes that are used in all the SPARQL queries provided below are defined as follows: PREFIX : <https://w3id.org/akn/data/undo/> PREFIX allot: <https://w3id.org/akn/ontology/allot/> PREFIX oa: <http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#> PREFIX owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#> PREFIX undo: <https://w3id.org/akn/ontology/undo/> PREFIX ti: <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/timeinterval.owl#> PREFIX tvc: <http://www.essepuntato.it/2012/04/tvc/> PREFIX frbr: <http://purl.org/vocab/frbr/core#> PREFIX pwo: <http://purl.org/spar/pwo/> PREFIX taskex: <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/taskexecution.owl#> #### Question 1 What are all the documents that refer to the UN resolution A/RES/47/180 of 22 December 1992? SELECT DISTINCT ?document WHERE { ?document allot:mentions :a-res-47-180-1992-12-22 . } #### Question 2 What are all the entities referred by the UN resolution A/RES/50/100 of 2 February 1996? SELECT DISTINCT ?entity ?type WHERE { :a-res-50-100-1996-02-02 allot:mentions ?entity . ?entity a ?type . FILTER (?type != owl:NamedIndividual) } #### Question 3 What are the documents that describes the General Assembly recalling the resolution A/RES/47/180 of 22 December 1992? SELECT DISTINCT ?document WHERE { ?rel a undo:Relation ; undo:hasProponent :general-assembly ; undo:hasSemantics :recall ; undo:hasReceiver :a-res-47-180-1992-12-22 . ?ann a undo:Annotation ; oa:hasBody ?rel ; oa:hasTarget ?document } #### Question 4 What are all the terms that actually refer to the concept of taking a decision, and in which documents have been used? SELECT DISTINCT ?term ?document WHERE { ?term a allot:Term ; undo:hasRelatedConcept :taking-a-decision . ?ann a undo:Annotation ; oa:hasBody ?term ; oa:hasTarget ?document } #### Question 5 What are the current roles of all the agents? SELECT DISTINCT ?agent ?role ?context WHERE { ?agent a undo:Agent ; tvc:hasValue ?value . ?value a undo:ValueInTimeAndContext ; tvc:withValue ?role ; tvc:withinContext ?context . FILTER NOT EXISTS { ?value tvc:atTime/ti:hasIntervalEndDate ?time } ?role a allot:Role . } #### Question 6 What roles have been held by Sergio Mattarella during his life? SELECT DISTINCT ?role ?context ?start ?end WHERE { :sergio-mattarella tvc:hasValue ?value . ?value a undo:ValueInTimeAndContext ; tvc:withValue ?role ; tvc:withinContext ?context ; tvc:atTime ?time . ?time a undo:Interval ; ti:hasIntervalStartDate ?start . OPTIONAL { ?time ti:hasIntervalEndDate ?end } ?role a allot:Role . } #### Question 7 How many times an agent has been assigned to a specific role? SELECT DISTINCT ?agent ?role ?context (count(?agent) AS ?count) WHERE { ?agent a undo:Agent ; tvc:hasValue ?value . ?value a undo:ValueInTimeAndContext ; tvc:withValue ?role ; tvc:withinContext ?context . ?role a allot:Role . } GROUP BY ?agent ?role ?context #### Question 8 Which roles are involved in particular contexts? SELECT DISTINCT ?context ?role WHERE { ?value a undo:ValueInTimeAndContext ; tvc:withValue ?role ; tvc:withinContext ?context . ?role a allot:Role . } #### Question 9 What are all the statuses that have been associated to all the documents? SELECT DISTINCT ?document ?status ?start ?end WHERE { ?document a undo:Document ; tvc:hasValue ?value . ?value a undo:ValueInTimeAndContext ; tvc:withValue ?status ; tvc:atTime ?time . ?time a undo:Interval ; ti:hasIntervalStartDate ?start . OPTIONAL { ?time ti:hasIntervalEndDate ?end } ?status a undo:Status . } #### Question 10 In which step of all the workflows the first version of a document has been produced? SELECT ?doc ?step WHERE { ?step a undo:Step ; pwo:produces ?doc . ?doc a undo:DocumentVersion . FILTER NOT EXISTS { ?another_step a undo:Step ; pwo:produces ?prev_version . ?prev_version frbr:revision+ ?doc } } #### Question 11 How many steps (on average) are used in each workflow? SELECT (avg(?n_step) as ?average) WHERE { { SELECT ?workflow (count(?step) as ?n_step) { ?workflow a undo:Workflow ; pwo:hasStep ?step . } GROUP BY ?workflow } } GROUP BY ?workflow #### Question 12 How much did it take to executing each step in each workflow execution? SELECT ?execution ?step (round(?end - ?start) as ?minutes) WHERE { { SELECT ?execution ?step (min(?s_date) as ?start) (max(?e_date) as ?end) { ?execution a undo:WorkflowExecution ; pwo:involvesAction ?action . ?action a undo:Action ; taskex:executesTask ?step ; pwo:happened ?time . ?time a undo:Interval ; ti:hasIntervalStartDate ?s_date ; ti:hasIntervalEndDate ?e_date . } GROUP BY ?execution ?step } } #### Question 13 What was the last entities produced by all the workflow executions? SELECT ?execution ?entity { ?execution a undo:WorkflowExecution ; pwo:involvesAction/taskex:executesTask ?step . ?step a undo:Step ; pwo:produces ?entity . FILTER NOT EXISTS { ?step pwo:hasNextStep ?another_step . } }

Classes

actionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo/Action

is defined by
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo
An event with at least one agent that is participant in it and that is linked to a workflow execution and to a step of a workflow description.
has super-classes
action
eventc
has participant only referencec
happened only intervalc
executes task only stepc

addressc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo/Address

is defined by
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo
A document exemplifying keynote speeches and opening addresses and messages.
has super-classes
communicationc

administrative circularc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo/AdministrativeCircular

is defined by
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo
A document containing general information of administrative nature as well as clarifications of established rules, policies and procedures.
has super-classes
administrative issuancec

administrative instructionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo/AdministrativeInstruction

is defined by
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo
A document that prescribes instructions and procedures for the implementation of rules and regulations, as well as formally communicate decisions on, for example, appointment, promotion, transfer and change of duty station.
has super-classes
administrative issuancec

administrative issuancec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo/AdministrativeIssuance

is defined by
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo
Document concerning administrative instructions and circulars. Their structures vary widely across organizations and traditions but may have the format of a formal communication with a title and content in unnumbered or numbered paragraphs or be divided into sections.
has super-classes
documentc
has sub-classes
administrative circularc, administrative instructionc

advisory opinionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo/AdvisoryOpinion

is defined by
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo
A document introducing an opinion rendered by a court or adjudicating body upon request.
has super-classes
court decisionc

agenda listingc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo/AgendaListing

is defined by
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo
A document listing agenda items to be considered at a specific meeting/s or session/s. It may report time, location, etc.
has super-classes
meeting agendac

agentc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.estrellaproject.org/lkif-core/action.owl#Agent

is defined by
http://www.estrellaproject.org/lkif-core/action.owl
has sub-classes
agentc

agentc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/Agent

is defined by
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
has sub-classes
agentc

agentc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo/Agent

is defined by
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo
An actor (e.g. a person, an organisation) that can perform some actions.
has super-classes
agentc
agentc
agentc
referencec
has sub-classes
organizationc, personc

amendmentc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo/Amendment

is defined by
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo
A document that provides modifications to other normative documents. The modifications could appear in different structured texts like normative and deliberative documents, debate records, etc.
has super-classes
modificatory instructionc

amendment listc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo/AmendmentList

is defined by
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo
A document listing proposals for modifications submitted to official deliberative bodies for discussion. It provides modifications to other normative documents.
has super-classes
modificatory instructionc

annotated agendac back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo/AnnotatedAgenda

is defined by
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo
An agenda with a brief description of agenda items, citation of related documents as well as information and other announcements.
has super-classes
meeting agendac

annotationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo/Annotation

is defined by
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo
A mechanism that allows someone to link a specific entity (e.g. a relation) to a target document (or its parts), with the intent of specifying from where that entity has been actually derived from.
has super-classes
annotation
conceptc
has targetop only f r b r expressionc or f r b r itemc or f r b r manifestationc or f r b r workc
has bodyop only referencec

bulletinc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo/Bulletin

is defined by
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo
A document containing information not requiring any action by the addressees.
has super-classes
communicationc

charterc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo/Charter

is defined by
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo
Foundational treaty outlining the conditions under which a body is organised, and defining its rights and privileges.
has super-classes
normative documentc

circularc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo/Circular

is defined by
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo
A document containing specialized information of specific interests.
has super-classes
communicationc

code of conductc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo/CodeOfConduct

is defined by
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo
A document listing rules outlining the responsibilities of, or proper practices for, individuals, parties, organizations, or countries on specific issues.
has super-classes
normative documentc

code of practicec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo/CodeOfPractice

is defined by
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo
A document that defines correct procedures on how to implement principles and/or standards.
has super-classes
normative documentc

collectionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo/Collection

is defined by
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo
A collection of individual autonomous documents.
has super-classes
publicationc

communicationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo/Communication

is defined by
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo
A document containing an official communication used to formally inform the UN community of events and of the outcome of non-UN meetings, to transmit reports or communications, and for a variety of other purposes. Its structures vary widely across organizations and traditions but generally assume the format of a formal communication with title and content in unnumbered paragraphs.
has super-classes
documentc
has sub-classes
addressc, bulletinc, circularc, memorandac, notec, official letterc, official statementc, press releasec

conceptc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/akn/ontology/allot/Concept

is defined by
https://w3id.org/akn/ontology/allot
has super-classes
concept
has sub-classes
annotationc, languagec, lifecyclec, relationc, stepc, step typec, value in time and contextc, workflowc, workflow executionc
is in range of
has related conceptop, has semanticsop

conference reportc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo/ConferenceReport

is defined by
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo
A document summarising discussions held during a conference. It may also contain full text of resolutions or decisions, either proposed or adopted; recommended actions to be taken by other organs, etc., in the body of the document or as annexes.
has super-classes
meeting reportc

constitutionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo/Constitution

is defined by
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo
A document describing a set of fundamental principles or established precedents according to which a body is acknowledged to be governed.
has super-classes
normative documentc

conventionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo/Convention

is defined by
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo
Mandatory regulations subject to ratification. Instruments usually negotiated under the auspices of an international organization.
has super-classes
normative documentc

council reportc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo/CouncilReport

is defined by
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo
A document summarising discussions held during a council. It may also contain full text of resolutions or decisions, either proposed or adopted; recommended actions to be taken by other organs, etc., in the body of the document or as annexes.
has super-classes
meeting reportc

court decisionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo/CourtDecision

is defined by
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo
A document introducing a court of law or adjudicating authority formal decision or specific determination following a legal proceedings. The typical narrative of judgments is often divided in background, introduction, motivation and decision.
has super-classes
documentc
has sub-classes
advisory opinionc, judgementc

decisionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo/Decision

is defined by
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo
A document describing a formal action regarding administrative and procedural matters of principal or subsidiary organ or other empowered bodies. This kind of documents is sometimes also used to record the adoption of a text representing the consensus of the members of a given organ.
has super-classes
deliberative documentc

deliberative documentc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo/DeliberativeDocument

is defined by
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo
Formal expressions of the opinion or will of a principal or subsidiary organ or other empowered bodies. Usually they are open structure documents, sometimes articulated in hierarchical structures in which the text is subdivided into higher and lower subdivisions, generally including a preamble and operative paragraphs.
has super-classes
documentc
has sub-classes
decisionc, resolutionc

documentc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo/Document

is defined by
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo
A document of a specific kind (e.g. normative documents, legal documents, etc.) published by someone for certain reasons.
has super-classes
f r b r workc
has realizationop some document versionc
has sub-classes
administrative issuancec, communicationc, court decisionc, deliberative documentc, meeting agendac, meeting recordc, meeting reportc, modificatory instructionc, normative documentc, paperc, publicationc

document versionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo/DocumentVersion

is defined by
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo
A particular version of a document written according to a certain language.
has super-classes
f r b r expressionc
inverse has realizationop only documentc
has languageop exactly 1 languagec
is in domain of
has lifecycle revisionop

eventc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/akn/ontology/allot/Event

is defined by
https://w3id.org/akn/ontology/allot
has sub-classes
actionc
is in range of
includes eventop

expressionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/spar/fabio/Expression

is defined by
http://purl.org/spar/fabio
has sub-classes
f r b r expressionc

f r b r expressionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/akn/ontology/allot/FRBRExpression

is defined by
https://w3id.org/akn/ontology/allot
has super-classes
expressionc
expressionc
has languageop exactly 1 languagec
has sub-classes
document versionc

f r b r itemc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/akn/ontology/allot/FRBRItem

is defined by
https://w3id.org/akn/ontology/allot
has super-classes
itemc
itemc

f r b r manifestationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/akn/ontology/allot/FRBRManifestation

is defined by
https://w3id.org/akn/ontology/allot
has super-classes
manifestationc
manifestationc

f r b r workc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/akn/ontology/allot/FRBRWork

is defined by
https://w3id.org/akn/ontology/allot
has super-classes
workc
workc
has sub-classes
documentc, legal sourcec

intervalc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo/Interval

is defined by
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo
A particular time period characterised by a starting date (specified by means of the property ti:hasIntervalStartDate) and an ending date (specified by means of the property ti:hasIntervalEndDate).
has super-classes
b f o 0000038c
time intervalc
time intervalc
referencec
has interval start datedp only date time
has interval end datedp only date time

itemc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/spar/fabio/Item

is defined by
http://purl.org/spar/fabio
has sub-classes
f r b r itemc

judgementc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo/Judgment

is defined by
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo
A document formalising a decision or specific determination following a legal proceeding. Its structures are highly formalised.
has super-classes
court decisionc

languagec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo/Language

is defined by
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo
A particular language adopted by the United Nation for publishing their documents (e.g. Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian, Spanish).
has super-classes
linguistic systemc
conceptc
has members
Arabicni, Chineseni, Englishni, Frenchni, Russianni, Spanishni

legal sourcec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo/LegalSource

is defined by
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo
A source of one or more legal norms formulated in any format and endorsed by an authority.
has super-classes
f r b r workc

lifecyclec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo/Lifecycle

is defined by
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo
A collection of events that a document has undergone, which also links to other documents that have caused these events.
has super-classes
conceptc
includes eventop only eventc and (has participant some endeavour) and (happened only intervalc)
is in domain of
includes eventop

linguistic systemc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/dc/terms/LinguisticSystem

is defined by
http://purl.org/dc/terms/
has sub-classes
languagec

manifestationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/spar/fabio/Manifestation

is defined by
http://purl.org/spar/fabio
has sub-classes
f r b r manifestationc

meeting agendac back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo/MeetingAgenda

is defined by
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo
Documents listing agenda items of a meeting or a series of meetings, at times with brief description of agenda items, citation of related documents, and other announcements, such as consultations, informal meetings or side events, as well as summaries of the previous day's meetings. Their structures vary widely across organizations and traditions.
has super-classes
documentc
has sub-classes
agenda listingc, annotated agendac

meeting minutec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo/MeetingMinute

is defined by
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo
A document providing a third-person accounts of meetings.
has super-classes
meeting reportc

meeting recordc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo/MeetingRecord

is defined by
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo
Documents containing full first-person records of a meeting (verbatim). Their structure reflects the different section of the debates and/or alternation of questions and answers that take place during meetings discussions.
has super-classes
documentc

meeting reportc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo/MeetingReport

is defined by
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo
Documents containing summarized accounts of meetings. Their structures vary widely across organizations and traditions.
has super-classes
documentc
has sub-classes
conference reportc, council reportc, meeting minutec

memorandac back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo/Memoranda

is defined by
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo
An official written communication issued to disseminate information.
has super-classes
communicationc

modificatory instructionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo/ModificatoryInstruction

is defined by
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo
A document containing formal proposals for modifications, as single instruction or as a collection of instructions, of previously issued documents issued by the same body that approved the original document. Its structures vary widely across organizations and traditions.
has super-classes
documentc
has sub-classes
amendmentc, amendment listc

normative documentc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo/NormativeDocument

is defined by
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo
Formal provision concerning commands, recommendations, opinions or expressions of will issued or entered into by a principal or a subsidiary organ or other empowered bodies. Usually, it is articulated in hierarchical structures, in which the text is subdivided into higher and lower subdivisions.
has super-classes
documentc
has sub-classes
charterc, code of conductc, code of practicec, constitutionc, conventionc, protocolc, recommendationc, regulationc, rulesc, rules of procedurec, standardc, treatyc

notec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo/Note

is defined by
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo
A written communication to transmit comments or reports.
has super-classes
communicationc

official compilationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo/OfficialCompilation

is defined by
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo
An authoritative compilation of official documents.
has super-classes
publicationc

official letterc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo/OfficialLetter

is defined by
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo
Official written correspondence; communications or notes verbale concerning issues under the authority of the organisation to provide information, requiring specific action by the addressees or stating a position.
has super-classes
communicationc

official statementc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo/OfficialStatement

is defined by
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo
A document introducing a pronunciation of officers in their official capacity.
has super-classes
communicationc

organisationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.estrellaproject.org/lkif-core/action.owl#Organisation

is defined by
http://www.estrellaproject.org/lkif-core/action.owl
has sub-classes
organizationc

organizationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/Organization

is defined by
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
has sub-classes
organizationc

organizationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/akn/ontology/allot/Organization

is defined by
https://w3id.org/akn/ontology/allot
has super-classes
organisationc
organizationc
agentc

paperc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo/Paper

is defined by
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo
An official document that provides information about a particular subject or a detailed account of issues, policies or outcomes of, for example, inquiries or scientific investigations. Its structures vary widely across organizations and traditions.
has super-classes
documentc
has sub-classes
policyc, position paperc, progress reportc

personc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.estrellaproject.org/lkif-core/action.owl#Person

is defined by
http://www.estrellaproject.org/lkif-core/action.owl
has sub-classes
personc

personc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/Person

is defined by
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
has sub-classes
personc

personc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/akn/ontology/allot/Person

is defined by
https://w3id.org/akn/ontology/allot
has super-classes
personc
personc
agentc

policyc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo/Policy

is defined by
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo
A document introducing general course or principle of action adopted or proposed by the official authorities or bodies.
has super-classes
paperc

position paperc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo/PositionPaper

is defined by
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo
An essay detailing facts and opinions regarding specific issues.
has super-classes
paperc

press releasec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo/PressRelease

is defined by
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo
A written communication to the public that serves information purposes only. It is not considered an official document.
has super-classes
communicationc

progress reportc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo/ProgressReport

is defined by
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo
A document assessing projects or processes.
has super-classes
paperc

protocolc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo/Protocol

is defined by
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo
International agreement that supplements a previous treaty or international agreement.
has super-classes
normative documentc

publicationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo/Publication

is defined by
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo
The documentary output of the process meant to share information in any form or medium.
has super-classes
documentc
has sub-classes
collectionc, official compilationc

recommendationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo/Recommendation

is defined by
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo
A document that provides guidance and may create reporting obligations for parties.
has super-classes
normative documentc

referencec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/akn/ontology/allot/Reference

is defined by
https://w3id.org/akn/ontology/allot
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo
has sub-classes
agentc, intervalc
is in range of
has proponentop, has receiverop

regulationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo/Regulation

is defined by
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo
A set guides to enforce a statutory instrument or regulate activities.
has super-classes
normative documentc

relationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo/Relation

is defined by
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo
Something that allows one to link a proponent entity to a receiver entity according to a specific semantics - e.g. saying that a document (proponent) cites (semantics) another document (receiver), or that an organization (proponent) approves (semantics) a certain document (receiver), etc.
has super-classes
conceptc
has receiverop exactly 1
has semanticsop exactly 1
has proponentop exactly 1
is in domain of
has proponentop, has receiverop, has semanticsop

resolutionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo/Resolution

is defined by
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo
A particular kind of document that contains a formal expression of the will of a principal or subsidiary organ or other empowered bodies.
has super-classes
deliberative documentc

rolec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/spar/pro/Role

is defined by
http://purl.org/spar/pro
has sub-classes
rolec

rolec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.estrellaproject.org/lkif-core/role.owl#Role

is defined by
http://www.estrellaproject.org/lkif-core/role.owl
has sub-classes
rolec

rolec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/akn/ontology/allot/Role

is defined by
https://w3id.org/akn/ontology/allot
has super-classes
rolec
rolec
valuec

rulesc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo/Rules

is defined by
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo
A document prescribing principles governing conduct or procedure within a particular area of activity.
has super-classes
normative documentc

rules of procedurec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo/RulesOfProcedure

is defined by
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo
A document that prescribes guides for conduct or actions, such as rules for conducting business within a body, as well as for the financial administration of organizations and their members.
has super-classes
normative documentc

standardc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo/Standard

is defined by
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo
A document introducing a set of guides established by consensus outlining the responsibilities of, or proper practices for, individuals, parties, organizations or countries on specific issues.
has super-classes
normative documentc

statusc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/spar/pso/Status

is defined by
http://purl.org/spar/pso
has sub-classes
statusc

statusc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo/Status

is defined by
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo
A value identifying the status of a document (e.g. in drafting, under revision, published).
has super-classes
statusc
valuec

stepc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo/Step

is defined by
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo
An atomic unit of a workflow that involves some input entity needed to complete the step, and produces some outcomes, such as a document.
has super-classes
step
conceptc
is executed in only actionc
produces only referencec
has next step only stepc
needs only referencec
is in domain of
has step typeop

step typec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo/StepType

is defined by
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo
The class of all the types for categorising the steps in workflow descriptions.
has super-classes
conceptc
is in range of
has step typeop

termc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/akn/ontology/allot/Term

is defined by
https://w3id.org/akn/ontology/allot
is in domain of
has related conceptop

time intervalc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/timeinterval.owl#TimeInterval

is defined by
http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/timeinterval.owl
has sub-classes
intervalc

treatyc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo/Treaty

is defined by
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo
An international agreement concluded between States, and bilateral or multilateral agreements governed by international law to which international organizations are parties.
has super-classes
normative documentc

valuec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo/Value

is defined by
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo
Something that can be held by an entity (e.g. a particular role or status).
has super-classes
conceptc
has sub-classes
rolec, statusc

value in timec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.essepuntato.it/2012/04/tvc/ValueInTime

is defined by
http://www.essepuntato.it/2012/04/tvc
has sub-classes
value in time and contextc

value in time and contextc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo/ValueInTimeAndContext

is defined by
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo
The situation that involves an entity (with the object property tvc:hasValue) having a particular value (tvc:withValue) associated during a certain time interval (tvc:atTime) and within a specific context (tvc:withinContext).
has super-classes
value in timec
conceptc
at timeop only intervalc
within contextop only referencec
with valueop only valuec
inverse has valueop only referencec
This class is based on a particular ontology pattern called Time-indexed Value in Context (http://www.essepuntato.it/2012/04/tvc). It has been used by several ontologies for describing values that can be assigned/held by an entity at different times and according to different contexts. Notable ontologies that are using it are the Publishing Roles Ontology (PRO, http://purl.org/spar/pro) and the Publishing Status Ontology (PSO, http://purl.org/spar/pso). More information are available at the following paper: Peroni, S., Shotton, D., Vitali, F. (2012). Scholarly publishing and the Linked Data: describing roles, statuses, temporal and contextual extents. In Sack, H., Pellegrini, T. (Eds.), Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Semantic Systems (i-Semantics 2012): 9-16. New York, New York, USA: ACM. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2362499.2362502 (Open Access version available at http://speroni.web.cs.unibo.it/publications/peroni-2012-scholarly-publishing-linked.pdf)

workc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/spar/fabio/Work

is defined by
http://purl.org/spar/fabio
has sub-classes
f r b r workc

workflowc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo/Workflow

is defined by
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo
A description of a sequence of connected steps, representing a sequence of publishing operations undertaken by agents.
has super-classes
workflow
conceptc
has step only stepc

workflow executionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo/WorkflowExecution

is defined by
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo
A collection of actions that address all the step defined in a workflow.
has super-classes
workflow execution
conceptc
involves action only actionc
executes only workflowc

Object Properties

at timeop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.essepuntato.it/2012/04/tvc/atTime

is defined by
http://www.essepuntato.it/2012/04/tvc

embodimentop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/vocab/frbr/core#embodiment

is defined by
http://purl.org/vocab/frbr/core
has sub-properties
has embodimentop

exemplarop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/vocab/frbr/core#exemplar

is defined by
http://purl.org/vocab/frbr/core
has sub-properties
has exemplarop

has bodyop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#hasBody

is defined by
http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#

has embodimentop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/akn/ontology/allot/hasEmbodiment

has super-properties
embodimentop

has exemplarop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/akn/ontology/allot/hasExemplar

has super-properties
exemplarop

has languageop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/dc/terms/language

is defined by
http://purl.org/dc/terms
This property enables one to specify the language associated to a particular document version.

has lifecycle revisionop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo/hasLifecycleRevision

is defined by
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo
It links a document version with another altered or updated version of it as consequence of an event of a lifecycle.
has super-properties
revisionop
has related referenceop
has domain
document versionc
has range
document versionc and (inverse produces some eventc and (inverse includes eventop some lifecyclec))

has proponentop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo/hasProponent

is defined by
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo
The proponent entity of a relation.
has super-properties
has related referenceop
has domain
relationc
has range
referencec

has realizationop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/akn/ontology/allot/hasRealization

has super-properties
realizationop

has receiverop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo/hasReceiver

is defined by
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo
The receiver entity of a relation.
has super-properties
has related referenceop
has domain
relationc
has range
referencec

has related conceptop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo/hasRelatedConcept

is defined by
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo
A concept that is related somehow to a term (e.g. because it represents the meaning of a particular term).
has super-properties
has related referenceop
has domain
termc
has range
conceptc

has semanticsop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo/hasSemantics

is defined by
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo
The semantics of a relation.
has super-properties
has related referenceop
has domain
relationc
has range
conceptc

has step typeop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo/hasStepType

is defined by
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo
has super-properties
has related referenceop
has domain
stepc
has range
step typec

has targetop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#hasTarget

is defined by
http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#

has valueop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.essepuntato.it/2012/04/tvc/hasValue

is defined by
http://www.essepuntato.it/2012/04/tvc

includes eventop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo/includesEvent

is defined by
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo
It enables the specification of the events included in a document lifecycle.
has super-properties
has related referenceop
has domain
lifecyclec
has range
eventc

realizationop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/vocab/frbr/core#realization

is defined by
http://purl.org/vocab/frbr/core
has sub-properties
has realizationop

revisionop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/vocab/frbr/core#revision

is defined by
http://purl.org/vocab/frbr/core
has sub-properties
has lifecycle revisionop

transformationop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/vocab/frbr/core#transformation

is defined by
http://purl.org/vocab/frbr/core

with valueop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.essepuntato.it/2012/04/tvc/withValue

is defined by
http://www.essepuntato.it/2012/04/tvc

within contextop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.essepuntato.it/2012/04/tvc/withinContext

is defined by
http://www.essepuntato.it/2012/04/tvc

Data Properties

has interval end datedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/timeinterval.owl#hasIntervalEndDate

has interval start datedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/timeinterval.owl#hasIntervalStartDate

Named Individuals

Arabicni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/iso639-1/ar

is defined by
http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/iso639-1
The Arabic is one of the languages used for publishing United Nations documents.
belongs to
languagec
This entity representing the Arabic language has been originally defined in the Library of Congress concept scheme (skos:ConceptScheme) available at http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/iso639-1, which maps all the two-letters codes for languages introduced in the specification ISO 639-1 as Linked Open Data.

Chineseni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/iso639-1/zh

is defined by
http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/iso639-1
The Chinese is one of the languages used for publishing United Nations documents.
belongs to
languagec
This entity representing the Chinise language has been originally defined in the Library of Congress concept scheme (skos:ConceptScheme) available at http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/iso639-1, which maps all the two-letters codes for languages introduced in the specification ISO 639-1 as Linked Open Data.

Englishni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/iso639-1/en

is defined by
http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/iso639-1
The English is one of the languages used for publishing United Nations documents.
belongs to
languagec
This entity representing the English language has been originally defined in the Library of Congress concept scheme (skos:ConceptScheme) available at http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/iso639-1, which maps all the two-letters codes for languages introduced in the specification ISO 639-1 as Linked Open Data.

Frenchni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/iso639-1/fr

is defined by
http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/iso639-1
The French is one of the languages used for publishing United Nations documents.
belongs to
languagec
This entity representing the French language has been originally defined in the Library of Congress concept scheme (skos:ConceptScheme) available at http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/iso639-1, which maps all the two-letters codes for languages introduced in the specification ISO 639-1 as Linked Open Data.

Russianni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/iso639-1/ru

is defined by
http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/iso639-1
The Russian is one of the languages used for publishing United Nations documents.
belongs to
languagec
This entity representing the Russian language has been originally defined in the Library of Congress concept scheme (skos:ConceptScheme) available at http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/iso639-1, which maps all the two-letters codes for languages introduced in the specification ISO 639-1 as Linked Open Data.

Spanishni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/iso639-1/es

is defined by
http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/iso639-1
The Spanish is one of the languages used for publishing United Nations documents.
belongs to
languagec
This entity representing the Spanish language has been originally defined in the Library of Congress concept scheme (skos:ConceptScheme) available at http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/iso639-1, which maps all the two-letters codes for languages introduced in the specification ISO 639-1 as Linked Open Data.

Namespace Declarations back to ToC

default namespace
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo#
0-1
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
04
http://www.essepuntato.it/2012/04/
action-owl
http://www.estrellaproject.org/lkif-core/action.owl#
allot
https://w3id.org/akn/ontology/allot/
core
http://purl.org/vocab/frbr/core#
dc
http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
dul-owl
http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#
fabio
http://purl.org/spar/fabio/
frbr
http://purl.org/vocab/frbr/
iso639-1
http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/iso639-1/
lkif-core
http://www.estrellaproject.org/lkif-core/
oa
http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#
obo
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/
ontology
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/
owl
http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
participation-owl
http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/participation.owl#
pro
http://purl.org/spar/pro/
pso
http://purl.org/spar/pso/
pwo
http://purl.org/spar/pwo/
rdf
http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs
http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
role-owl
http://www.estrellaproject.org/lkif-core/role.owl#
spar
http://purl.org/spar/
taskexecution-owl
http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/taskexecution.owl#
terms
http://purl.org/dc/terms/
timeinterval-owl
http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/cp/owl/timeinterval.owl#
tvc
http://www.essepuntato.it/2012/04/tvc/
undo
https://w3id.org/un/ontology/undo/
vann
http://purl.org/vocab/vann/
vocabulary
http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/
xsd
http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#

This HTML document was obtained by processing the OWL ontology source code through LODE, Live OWL Documentation Environment, developed by Silvio Peroni.