The HFA package provides an R interface to the European Health for All database (HFA-DB).
HFA-DB provides a selection of core health statistics covering basic demographics, health status, health determinants and risk factors, and health-care resources, utilization and expenditure in the 53 countries in the WHO European Region. It allows queries for country, intercountry and regional analyses, and displays the results in tables, graphs or maps, which can be exported for further use.
The data are compiled from various sources, including a network of country experts, WHO/Europe’s technical programmes and partner organizations, such as agencies of the United Nations system, the statistical office of the European Union (EUROSTAT) and the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development. HFA-DB is updated twice a year.
For more info on HFA-DB, please visit http://www.euro.who.int/en/data-and-evidence/databases/european-health-for-all-database-hfa-db.
To connect to your HFA database of choice, use function setHFADB(). By default, the WHO-EURO HFA database will be loaded on package startup.
To view the current HFA database, use function getHFADB().
getHFADB()#> [1] "http://sic.hi.lt/DPS/ws/dps_ws.php"## show available languages, regions, indicator groups
getLanguages()#> Id Title
#> 1 en English
#> 2 ru <U+0420><U+0443><U+0441><U+0441><U+043A><U+0438><U+0439>getRegions()#> RegID RegPID Title
#> 1 EUR <NA> EUROPEgetIndicatorGroups()#> Id Title
#> 1 1 DEMOGRAPHIC AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC INDICATORS
#> 2 2 MORTALITY-BASED INDICATORS
#> 3 3 MORBIDITY, DISABILITY AND HOSPITAL DISCHARGES
#> 4 4 LIFE STYLES
#> 5 5 ENVIRONMENT
#> 6 6 HEALTH CARE RESOURCES
#> 7 7 HEALTH CARE UTILIZATION AND EXPENDITURE
#> 8 8 MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH## show available countries for default region
getCountries("EUR")#> RegID CntrID Title
#> 1 EUR ALB Albania
#> 2 EUR AND Andorra
#> 3 EUR ARM Armenia
#> 4 EUR AUT Austria
#> 5 EUR AZE Azerbaijan
#> 6 EUR BLR Belarus
#> 7 EUR BEL Belgium
#> 8 EUR BIH Bosnia and Herzegovina
#> 9 EUR BUL Bulgaria
#> 10 EUR CRO Croatia
#> 11 EUR CYP Cyprus
#> 12 EUR CZH Czech Republic
#> 13 EUR DEN Denmark
#> 14 EUR EST Estonia
#> 15 EUR FIN Finland
#> 16 EUR FRA France
#> 17 EUR GEO Georgia
#> 18 EUR DEU Germany
#> 19 EUR GRE Greece
#> 20 EUR HUN Hungary
#> 21 EUR ICE Iceland
#> 22 EUR IRE Ireland
#> 23 EUR ISR Israel
#> 24 EUR ITA Italy
#> 25 EUR KAZ Kazakhstan
#> 26 EUR KGZ Kyrgyzstan
#> 27 EUR LVA Latvia
#> 28 EUR LTU Lithuania
#> 29 EUR LUX Luxembourg
#> 30 EUR MAT Malta
#> 31 EUR MON Monaco
#> 32 EUR MNE Montenegro
#> 33 EUR NET Netherlands
#> 34 EUR NOR Norway
#> 35 EUR POL Poland
#> 36 EUR POR Portugal
#> 37 EUR MDA Republic of Moldova
#> 38 EUR ROM Romania
#> 39 EUR RUS Russian Federation
#> 40 EUR SMR San Marino
#> 41 EUR SRB Serbia
#> 42 EUR SVK Slovakia
#> 43 EUR SVN Slovenia
#> 44 EUR SPA Spain
#> 45 EUR SWE Sweden
#> 46 EUR SWI Switzerland
#> 47 EUR TJK Tajikistan
#> 48 EUR MKD MKD*
#> 49 EUR TUR Turkey
#> 50 EUR TKM Turkmenistan
#> 51 EUR UKR Ukraine
#> 52 EUR UNK United Kingdom
#> 53 EUR UZB Uzbekistan
#> 54 EUR EUR European Region
#> 55 EUR EU EU
#> 56 EUR EU15 EU members before May 2004
#> 57 EUR EU13 EU members since May 2004
#> 58 EUR CIS CIS
#> 59 EUR CAR CARINFONET members
#> 60 EUR Eur-A Eur-A
#> 61 EUR Eur-B+C Eur-B+C
#> 62 EUR SEEHN SEEHN members
#> 63 EUR NOC Nordic countries
#> 64 EUR SMC Small countries## show indicators belonging to group 4
getIndicators(4)#> IndID IndPID
#> 1 3010 <NA>
#> 2 3011 3010
#> 3 3012 3010
#> 4 3013 3010
#> 5 3014 3010
#> 6 3015 3010
#> 7 3016 3010
#> 8 3017 3010
#> 9 3020 <NA>
#> 10 3021 3020
#> 11 3022 3020
#> 12 3023 3020
#> 13 3024 3020
#> 14 3025 3020
#> 15 3050 <NA>
#> 16 3051 3050
#> 17 3052 3050
#> 18 3053 3050
#> 19 3054 3050
#> 20 3060 <NA>
#> 21 3061 3060
#> 22 3080 <NA>
#> 23 3081 3080
#> 24 3082 3080
#> 25 3150 <NA>
#> 26 3151 3150
#> 27 3160 <NA>
#> 28 3161 3160
#> 29 3200 <NA>
#> 30 3210 <NA>
#> 31 3211 3210
#> 32 3220 <NA>
#> 33 3221 3220
#> 34 3230 <NA>
#> 35 3240 <NA>
#> Title
#> 1 % of regular daily smokers in the population, age 15+
#> 2 % of regular daily smokers in the population, age 15+, males
#> 3 % of regular daily smokers in the population, age 15+, females
#> 4 Age-standardized prevalence of current tobacco smoking among people aged 15 years and over, WHO estimates (%)
#> 5 Age-standardized prevalence of current tobacco smoking among people aged 15 years and over, WHO estimates (%), males
#> 6 Age-standardized prevalence of current tobacco smoking among people aged 15 years and over, WHO estimates (%), females
#> 7 Number cigarettes consumed per person per year
#> 8 Total number of cigarettes consumed (in million pieces), per year
#> 9 Age-standardized prevalence of overweight (defined as BMI = 25 kg/m2) in people aged 18 years and over, WHO estimates (%)
#> 10 Age-standardized prevalence of overweight (defined as BMI = 25 kg/m2) in people aged 18 years and over, WHO estimates (%), males
#> 11 Age-standardized prevalence of overweight (defined as BMI = 25 kg/m2) in people aged 18 years and over, WHO estimates (%), femal
#> 12 Age-standardized prevalence of obesity (defined as BMI = 30 kg/m2) in people aged 18 years and over, WHO estimates (%)
#> 13 Age-standardized prevalence of obesity (defined as BMI = 30 kg/m2) in people aged 18 years and over, WHO estimates (%), males
#> 14 Age-standardized prevalence of obesity (defined as BMI = 30 kg/m2) in people aged 18 years and over, WHO estimates (%), females
#> 15 Pure alcohol consumption, litres per capita, age 15+
#> 16 Spirits consumed in pure alcohol, litres per capita, age 15+
#> 17 Wine consumed in pure alcohol, litres per capita, age 15+
#> 18 Beer consumed in pure alcohol, litres per capita, age 15+
#> 19 Pure alcohol consumed, litres per capita
#> 20 Road traffic accidents involving alcohol per 100 000
#> 21 Number of road traffic accidents involving alcohol
#> 22 First admissions to drug treatment centres per 100 000
#> 23 Number of first admissions to drug treatment centres
#> 24 Number of deaths from overdose of illicit drugs
#> 25 Road traffic accidents with injury per 100 000
#> 26 Number of road traffic accidents with injury
#> 27 People killed or injured in road traffic accidents per 100 000
#> 28 Number of people killed or injured in road traffic accidents
#> 29 Average number of calories available per person per day (kcal)
#> 30 % of total energy available from fat
#> 31 Fat available per person per day (g)
#> 32 % of total energy available from protein
#> 33 Protein available per person per day (g)
#> 34 Average amount of cereal available per person per year (kg)
#> 35 Average amount of fruits and vegetables available per person per year (kg)## find indicators related to 'food'
findIndicators("food")#> Id Title
#> 1 4010 Microbiological foodborne diseases, number of outbreaks
#> 2 4020 Microbiological foodborne diseases per 100 000
#> 3 4021 Number of cases of microbiological foodborne diseases## show definition of indicator '4010'
cat(getDefinitions("4010")$Title)#> Microbiological foodborne diseases, number of outbreaks
#> Indicator code: E220200.T
#>
#>
#>
#> Infections or intoxications due to microbiologically contaminated food (trichinellosis,
#>
#> salmonellosis, campylobacter infections etc.). An outbreak is the exposure of a group of persons
#>
#> with the contaminated food as the common origin. It is understood that national definitions and
#>
#> registration practices vary significantly. In some countries, an outbreak is counted when more than
#>
#> 15 cases are involved.
#>
#>
#>
#> Armenia
#>
#> Source of data: National Health Information Analytic Center, Ministry of Health of the Republic of
#>
#> Armenia http://moh.am/?section=static_pages/index&id=625&subID=824,29.
#>
#> Data collected annually, reference period: 31 December.
#>
#>
#>
#> Austria
#>
#> Data are not available.
#>
#>
#>
#> Belgium
#>
#> Source: Federal Public Service of Public Health, Food Chain Safety and Environment, Scientific
#>
#> Institute of Public Health.
#>
#> The number of reported outbreaks more than doubled in 2011 as compared to previous years, which
#>
#> might be due to an adapted outbreak investigation procedure at the FASFC and/or increased
#>
#> sensibility by consumers, especially after the death of an adolescent in a French fastfood
#>
#> restaurant and the German E. coli O104:H4 outbreak involving many deaths
#>
#> (http://www.favv.be/publicationsthematiques/Report-zoonotic-agents-Belgium.asp).
#>
#>
#>
#> Bosnia and Herzegovina
#>
#> Public Health Institute - Department of Epidemiology.
#>
#>
#>
#> Cyprus
#>
#> No data are available
#>
#>
#>
#> Czech Republic
#>
#> Source: Ministry of Health of CR.
#>
#> Reduction in year 2012 caused by the reduction in number of salmonella outbreaks due to successful
#>
#> implementation of veterinary programmes for infection control in poultry.
#>
#>
#>
#> Denmark
#>
#> Source: Annual Report on Zoonoses in Denmark, by DTU FOOD, National Food Institute.
#>
#> http://www.food.dtu.dk/Publikationer/Foedevaresikkerhed/Annual_report_on_zoonoses
#>
#>
#>
#> Estonia
#>
#> Source: Health Protection Inspectorate till 2009. Since 2010 National Health Board.
#>
#> The registration of outbreaks generally includes more than 10 cases.
#>
#>
#>
#> Finland
#>
#> Source: Finnish Food Safety Authority (Evira).
#>
#> Description of the types of outbreaks covered by the reporting:
#>
#> All general domestic food- and waterborne outbreaks are reported in Finland. Illness of more than
#>
#> two persons from single source is considered a cluster and a suspected outbreak. Sporadic cases
#>
#> (except for botulism) and infections acquired abroad are not included in the food poisoning
#>
#> register, whereas they are included in the infectious disease register. Family outbreaks are
#>
#> reported if commercial foodstuffs are supposed to be a source of illness or several persons are at
#>
#> risk. Obligatory reporting involves definite communicable diseases and traditional foodborne agents
#>
#> such as those causing intoxications.
#>
#>
#>
#> France
#>
#> Source of data: Institute de veille sanitaire (French Institute for public health surveillance)
#>
#> http://www.invs.sante.fr/Dossiers-thematiques/Maladies-infectieuses/Maladies-a-declaration-obligatoi
#>
#> re/Toxi-infections-alimentaires-collectives
#>
#>
#>
#> Georgia
#>
#> Source: National Centre for Disease Control and Public Health of Georgia (NCDC)
#>
#> (http://www.ncdc.ge).
#>
#> The increase in number of outbreaks since year 2010 has been due to the change of the reporting
#>
#> format in 2009.
#>
#>
#>
#> Germany
#>
#> Source: Robert Koch-Institute, Infectious Disease Surveillance Report, Chapter 5, table 5.2.1 (data
#>
#> as of March 1, 2014).
#>
#> http://www.rki.de
#>
#> Coverage: Data on outbreaks are collected by the Robert Koch-Institute in compliance with the
#>
#> Infectious Disease Control Act. According to §6 Infectious Disease Control Act in Germany cases are
#>
#> notifiable if two or more persons have the same disease (e.g. food poisoning) and it is supposed
#>
#> that these diseases have the (probably) common origin.
#>
#> The reported figures are potential foodborne outbreaks (2 and more cases). This means, because of
#>
#> the germ an infection or intoxication due to microbiologically contaminated food is assumed. The
#>
#> notifiable germs that could be transmitted through food are: Clostridium botulinum, Brucella spp.,
#>
#> Campylobacter spp., Cryptosporidium parvum, Escherichia coli, enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli
#>
#> (EHEC), Francisella tularensis, Giardia lamblia, Hepatitis-A and Hepatits-B, Listeria monocytogenes,
#>
#> Salmonella enterica Serovar Paratyphi A-C, Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhi, Salmonella spp.,
#>
#> Shigella spp., Trichinella spiralis, Yersinia enterocolitica and Vibrio cholera.
#>
#> Due to often transmissions from person to person outbreaks on Norwalk-like virus are excluded.
#>
#>
#>
#> Iceland
#>
#> Source: Until 2001: Environment & Food Agency (formerly The National Centre for Hygiene, Food
#>
#> Control and Environmental Protection).
#>
#>
#>
#> Ireland
#>
#> Source: Health Protection Surveillance Centre. Relates to the number of outbreaks reported to the
#>
#> HPSC where food was suspected to have contributed to transmission.
#>
#>
#>
#> Israel
#>
#> Source: Department of Epidemiology, Ministry of Health.
#>
#>
#>
#> Latvia
#>
#> Data are not available.
#>
#>
#>
#> Lithuania
#>
#> Source: Centre for Communicable Diseases Control and AIDS.
#>
#>
#>
#> Luxembourg
#>
#> Data are not available.
#>
#>
#>
#> Malta
#>
#> An outbreak is counted when you have 2 or more cases involved.
#>
#> Source: Infectious Disease Prevention & Control Unit,Health Promotion and Disease Prevention
#>
#> Directorate (reviewed the data of 2007-2012. Only confirmed cases are now included. As for outbreaks
#>
#> only confirmed outbreaks of foodborne illness are included. This has resulted in some increase in
#>
#> the numbers of total confirmed cases and a reduction in the numbers of outbreaks in 5 out of six
#>
#> years.)
#>
#>
#>
#> Montenegro
#>
#> Outbreak is counted even if there are only a few cases in one place at the same time, e.g. in one
#>
#> family.
#>
#>
#>
#> Netherlands
#>
#> Source: NN=National Notification to Inspectorate for Health Care (RIVM). Until 2008, the data refer
#>
#> to the statutory notifications. From 2009 onwards, data cover also and are integrated with the
#>
#> registration of the Food and Goods Authority
#>
#>
#>
#> Norway
#>
#> Data are not available.
#>
#>
#>
#> Poland
#>
#> Source of data: National Institute of Public Health - National Institute of Hygiene.
#>
#>
#>
#> Republic of Moldova
#>
#> All acute intestinal diseases (salmonellosis, dysentery, yersiniosis, rotavirus gastroenteritis,
#>
#> enteritis caused by opportunistic enterobacteria, etiologically nerasshifrovanye acute intestinal
#>
#> diseases, etc.) transmitted by microbiologically contaminated food are included into the data.
#>
#> In the republic of Moldova, the term intestinal disease outbreak is used when 5 and more cases are
#>
#> registered (in the hospital - two or more cases).
#>
#> According to the documents of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Moldova, cases of food
#>
#> poisoning are reported to the Ministry of Health and the National Center of Public Health within 24
#>
#> hours from the time of detection. The procedure of collecting and transmitting data is as follows:
#>
#> A medical professional of any medical institution submits an emergency notification (Form N58/e) to
#>
#> the Regional Public Health Center (for each patient suspected of the disease or with a primary
#>
#> diagnosis of an acute intestinal disease including food intoxication). Based on these submissions,
#>
#> an epidemiological study is conducted to establish the fact of a disease outbreak.
#>
#> Regional Centres of Public Health, in turn, inform the Ministry of Health and the National Center of
#>
#> Public Health within 24 hours from the time of detection and registration of acute intestinal
#>
#> diseases and food poisoning with 5 or more victims (in the hospital - with 2 or more victims).
#>
#> Source of data: After the completion of epidemiological studies (see above), Regional Centres of
#>
#> Public Health send final reports of the outbreak investigation to the National Center of Public
#>
#> Health. These reports are analysed and used as an official source of information about intestinal
#>
#> disease outbreaks at both national and international levels.
#>
#> In order to obtain timely information, investigation and registration of intestinal disease
#>
#> outbreaks the guidelines "On information, investigation and registration of outbreaks caused by
#>
#> food" have been developed and approved by Resolution of the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the
#>
#> Republic of Moldova ? 2 of 26.01.2006, which include the following definitions:
#>
#> Disease caused by food is a disease of an infectious and toxic origin, caused or supposed to be
#>
#> caused by consumption of food;
#>
#> Food poisoning is an acute disease caused by food appearing usually acute and in a short period of
#>
#> time in two or more persons who used the same food, and is manifest itself as disorders of the
#>
#> gastrointestinal tract, particularly nausea, vomiting, fever and / or diarrhoea, and rarely
#>
#> neurological and muscular symptoms;
#>
#> Outbreak of a disease caused by food is when two or more people suffer from the same symptoms of the
#>
#> disease after eating the same product, and epidemiological data indicate a food product which caused
#>
#> of the disease.
#>
#> Outbreak in the household is an outbreak affecting 2 or more people from the same family or from
#>
#> different families who consumed the same food within the household. Indicating an outbreak that
#>
#> involves 2 or more people is related to the need for timely information and investigation of the
#>
#> source of the outbreak caused by food.
#>
#> Currently, a draft of the national guidelines for the investigation of intestinal disease outbreaks
#>
#> is developed.
#>
#> Increase in the number of outbreaks and the number of cases of microbiological foodborne disease is
#>
#> due to the increase in number of outbreaks in catering facilities and trade, in summer health
#>
#> resorts and kindergartens, after the transfer of the control over these objects to the National
#>
#> Agency for Food Safety in 2012.
#>
#>
#>
#> Romania
#>
#> Source: National Institute for Public Health.
#>
#>
#>
#> Serbia
#>
#> Source of data: Institute of Public Health of Serbia. An outbreak is counted when 2 or more cases
#>
#> are involved. Most outbreaks are small "family (household) outbreak" (3-5 cases) associated with
#>
#> consumption of eggs prepared without appropriate heat treatment.
#>
#>
#>
#> Slovakia
#>
#> Source: Institute of Public Health, Banska Bystrica from 1990.
#>
#> Break in time series: Before the year 2009, an outbreak was counted when more than 2 people were
#>
#> involved. Since 2009, an outbreak is counted when more than 15 people are involved.
#>
#>
#>
#> Slovenia
#>
#> Source of data: The National Institute of Public Health of the Republic of Slovenia.
#>
#>
#>
#> Spain
#>
#> Source: Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Centro Nacional de Epidemiologia.www.isciii.es
#>
#> Infection or intoxication due to microbiologically contaminated food (Salmonellas, Estafilococo, C.
#>
#> perfringens, Shigella sonnei, C.Botulinum, Other and Unknown). Contaminated water as common origin
#>
#> is excluded.
#>
#>
#>
#> Sweden
#>
#> Reported:20-40 outbreaks/year. An outbreak is counted when more than 2 persons are involved.
#>
#> Exception for C.botulinum more than 1 person is enough.
#>
#> Source: National Food administration.
#>
#> The National Food Agency is the central administrative authority for matters concerning food.
#>
#> http://www.slv.se/sv/grupp3/Rapporter/Matforgiftning-hantering-av-mat/
#>
#> http://www.slv.se/upload/dokument/rapporter/matforgiftning_mathantering/Matf%c3%b6rgiftningar%20intr
#>
#> %c3%a4ffade%202013%20nationell%20rapport%20%20%20-%201400905%20g.pdf
#>
#>
#>
#> Switzerland
#>
#> Source of data: Coverage:
#>
#> Deviation from the definition:
#>
#> Estimation method:
#>
#> Break in time series:
#>
#>
#>
#> TFYR Macedonia
#>
#> Source: Registration form for communicable diseases; Institute for Public Health (IPH)
#>
#>
#>
#> Turkey
#>
#> Source of data: Public Health Institution of Turkey, Ministry of Health of Turkey.
#>
#> Method: Includes the number of outbreaks occurring from microbiological foodborne diseases in a
#>
#> year.
#>
#> In 2012 figure is higher than for previous years presumably because of a change in the reporting
#>
#> system and Syrian refugees.
#>
#>
#>
#> Turkmenistan
#>
#> Criteria for an outbreak - 20 or more microbiological foodborn poisonings from the same source
#>
#> during certain time period.
#>
#>
#>
#> United Kingdom
#>
#> Data are not available.
#>
#>
#>
#> Uzbekistan
#>
#> An outbreak includes at least 15 cases.## extract data for indicator '4010' and '4021' for Belgium
## .. by not specifying 'year', we extract data for all years
getData(c("4010", "4021"), country = "BEL")#> Yr IndID RegID CntrID val
#> 1 1996 4010 EUR BEL 75
#> 2 1997 4010 EUR BEL 66
#> 3 1998 4010 EUR BEL 73
#> 4 1999 4010 EUR BEL 98
#> 5 2000 4010 EUR BEL 63
#> 6 2001 4010 EUR BEL 56
#> 7 2002 4010 EUR BEL 60
#> 8 2003 4010 EUR BEL 101
#> 9 2004 4010 EUR BEL 56
#> 10 2005 4010 EUR BEL 105
#> 11 2006 4010 EUR BEL 116
#> 12 2007 4010 EUR BEL 75
#> 13 2008 4010 EUR BEL 104
#> 14 2009 4010 EUR BEL 105
#> 15 2010 4010 EUR BEL 106
#> 16 2011 4010 EUR BEL 281
#> 17 2012 4010 EUR BEL 330
#> 18 2013 4010 EUR BEL 311
#> 19 1996 4021 EUR BEL 601
#> 20 1997 4021 EUR BEL 1747
#> 21 1998 4021 EUR BEL 1345
#> 22 1999 4021 EUR BEL 2133
#> 23 2000 4021 EUR BEL 1650
#> 24 2001 4021 EUR BEL 2988
#> 25 2002 4021 EUR BEL 1281
#> 26 2003 4021 EUR BEL 1293
#> 27 2004 4021 EUR BEL 531
#> 28 2005 4021 EUR BEL 673
#> 29 2006 4021 EUR BEL 1038
#> 30 2007 4021 EUR BEL 846
#> 31 2008 4021 EUR BEL 841
#> 32 2009 4021 EUR BEL 912
#> 33 2010 4021 EUR BEL 4211
#> 34 2011 4021 EUR BEL 1539
#> 35 2012 4021 EUR BEL 1378
#> 36 2013 4021 EUR BEL 1312